| Ammonia inhibits energy metabolism in astrocytes in a rapid and glutamate dehydrogenase 2-dependent manner. | Ammonia inhibits energy metabolism in astrocytes in a rapid and glutamate dehydrogenase 2-dependent manner.
Drews L, Zimmermann M, Westhoff P, Brilhaus D, Poss RE, Bergmann L, Wiek C, Brenneisen P, Piekorz RP, Mettler-Altmann T, Weber APM, Reichert AS., Free PMC Article | 10/2/2021 |
| Crystal structure of glutamate dehydrogenase 2, a positively selected novel human enzyme involved in brain biology and cancer pathophysiology. | Crystal structure of glutamate dehydrogenase 2, a positively selected novel human enzyme involved in brain biology and cancer pathophysiology.
Dimovasili C, Fadouloglou VE, Kefala A, Providaki M, Kotsifaki D, Kanavouras K, Sarrou I, Plaitakis A, Zaganas I, Kokkinidis M. | 06/26/2021 |
| Functional validation of a human GLUD2 variant in a murine model of Parkinson's disease. | Functional validation of a human GLUD2 variant in a murine model of Parkinson's disease.
Zhang W, Gong J, Ding L, Zhang Z, Pan X, Chen X, Guo W, Zhang X, Yang X, Peng G, Lin Y, Gao F, Li Y, Zhu X, Xuan A, Wang S, Sun X, Zhang Y, Xu P., Free PMC Article | 04/13/2021 |
| present data, showing that GLUD2 expression in Tg mice improves in vivo glucose homeostasis by boosting fasting serum insulin levels, suggest that evolutionary adaptation of hGDH2 has enabled humans to achieve narrow-range euglycemia by regulating glutamate-mediated basal insulin secretion | Transgenic expression of the positive selected human GLUD2 gene improves in vivo glucose homeostasis by regulating basic insulin secretion.
Petraki Z, Droubogiannis S, Mylonaki K, Chlouverakis G, Plaitakis A, Spanaki C. | 02/29/2020 |
| The autoantibodies to GluD2 are common in patients with OMAS, bind to surface determinants, and are potentially pathogenic. | Glutamate receptor δ2 serum antibodies in pediatric opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome.
Berridge G, Menassa DA, Moloney T, Waters PJ, Welding I, Thomsen S, Zuberi S, Fischer R, Aricescu AR, Pike M, Dale RC, Kessler B, Vincent A, Lim M, Irani SR, Lang B., Free PMC Article | 08/31/2019 |
| In HEK293 cell lines GDH2 and GDH1 were over-expressed and found to be co-localized in subcellular fractions. | Localization of Human Glutamate Dehydrogenases Provides Insights into Their Metabolic Role and Their Involvement in Disease Processes.
Mathioudakis L, Bourbouli M, Daklada E, Kargatzi S, Michaelidou K, Zaganas I. | 03/16/2019 |
| GLUD2 overexpression inhibited Glioblastoma (GBM) cell growth suggesting a novel potential drug target for control of GBM progression. The possibility to enhance GLUD2 activity in GBM could result in a blocked/reduced proliferation of GBM cells without affecting the survival of the surrounding neurons. | Mitochondrial enzyme GLUD2 plays a critical role in glioblastoma progression.
Franceschi S, Corsinovi D, Lessi F, Tantillo E, Aretini P, Menicagli M, Scopelliti C, Civita P, Pasqualetti F, Naccarato AG, Ori M, Mazzanti CM., Free PMC Article | 03/16/2019 |
| hGDH2 evolution bestowed large human neurons with enhanced glutamate metabolizing capacity, thus strengthening cortical excitatory transmission. | Evolution of GLUD2 Glutamate Dehydrogenase Allows Expression in Human Cortical Neurons.
Spanaki C, Kotzamani D, Kleopa K, Plaitakis A. | 01/27/2018 |
| This study demonstrated that hGDH2 expression increases capacity for uptake and oxidative metabolism of glutamate, particularly during increased workload and hypoglycemia. | Expression of the human isoform of glutamate dehydrogenase, hGDH2, augments TCA cycle capacity and oxidative metabolism of glutamate during glucose deprivation in astrocytes.
Nissen JD, Lykke K, Bryk J, Stridh MH, Zaganas I, Skytt DM, Schousboe A, Bak LK, Enard W, Pääbo S, Waagepetersen HS. | 01/13/2018 |
| This proliferation requires glutamate dehydrogenase 2, which synthesizes glutamate from ammonia and alpha-ketoglutarate and is expressed in MCF7 and T47D cells. Our findings provide insight into how cancer cells survive under glutamine deprivation conditions and thus contribute to elucidating the mechanisms of tumor growth. | Glutamate production from ammonia via glutamate dehydrogenase 2 activity supports cancer cell proliferation under glutamine depletion.
Takeuchi Y, Nakayama Y, Fukusaki E, Irino Y. | 12/30/2017 |
| The expression of GLUD2 was identified in the cellular and subcellular compartments of numerous tissues. | Widening Spectrum of Cellular and Subcellular Expression of Human GLUD1 and GLUD2 Glutamate Dehydrogenases Suggests Novel Functions.
Spanaki C, Kotzamani D, Plaitakis A. | 03/11/2017 |
| Notably, the introduction of GLUD2 did not affect glutamate levels in mice, consistent with observations in the primates. Instead, the metabolic effects of GLUD2 center on the tricarboxylic acid cycle, suggesting that GLUD2 affects carbon flux during early brain development, possibly supporting lipid biosynthesis. | Mice carrying a human GLUD2 gene recapitulate aspects of human transcriptome and metabolome development.
Li Q, Guo S, Jiang X, Bryk J, Naumann R, Enard W, Tomita M, Sugimoto M, Khaitovich P, Pääbo S., Free PMC Article | 12/17/2016 |
| Study of the expression of the GDH1/2 in human steroidogenic organs revealed that, while GDH2 was expressed specifically in steroid-synthesizing cells, GDH1 was expressed both in the cells that produce steroids and in those that lack endocrine function. | Expression of human GLUD1 and GLUD2 glutamate dehydrogenases in steroid producing tissues.
Spanaki C, Kotzamani D, Petraki Z, Drakos E, Plaitakis A. | 07/16/2016 |
| IDH1(R132H) exhibits a growth-inhibitory effect that is abrogated in the presence of glutamate dehydrogenase 2 (GLUD2), a hominoid-specific enzyme purportedly optimized to facilitate glutamate turnover in human forebrain. | Hominoid-specific enzyme GLUD2 promotes growth of IDH1R132H glioma.
Chen R, Nishimura MC, Kharbanda S, Peale F, Deng Y, Daemen A, Forrest WF, Kwong M, Hedehus M, Hatzivassiliou G, Friedman LS, Phillips HS., Free PMC Article | 05/2/2015 |
| hGDH2 can operate efficiently in the relatively acidic environment that prevails in astrocytes following glutamate uptake [review] | The discovery of human of GLUD2 glutamate dehydrogenase and its implications for cell function in health and disease.
Shashidharan P, Plaitakis A., Free PMC Article | 11/8/2014 |
| first N-terminal alpha helical structure is crucial for the mitochondrial import of hGDH2 and these findings may have implications in understanding the evolutionary mechanisms that led to the large mitochondrial targeting signals of human GDHs | The complex regulation of human glud1 and glud2 glutamate dehydrogenases and its implications in nerve tissue biology.
Spanaki C, Zaganas I, Kounoupa Z, Plaitakis A. | 02/16/2013 |
| first N-terminal alpha helical structure is crucial for the mitochondrial import of hGDH2 and these findings may have implications in understanding the evolutionary mechanisms that led to the large mitochondrial targeting signals of human GDHs | Alpha helical structures in the leader sequence of human GLUD2 glutamate dehydrogenase responsible for mitochondrial import.
Kotzamani D, Plaitakis A. | 02/16/2013 |
| [review] Whereas GDH2 in most mammals is encoded by a single functional GLUD1 gene expressed widely, humans have acquired through retroposition an X-linked GLUD2 gene that encodes a highly homologous isoenzyme GDH2 expressed in testis and brain. | The human GLUD2 glutamate dehydrogenase and its regulation in health and disease.
Plaitakis A, Latsoudis H, Spanaki C. | 06/2/2012 |
| Human GDH1 appears to act like bovine GDH1, but human GDH2 does not show the same enhancement of branched chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex enzyme activities. | Interaction between glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and L-leucine catabolic enzymes: intersecting metabolic pathways.
Hutson SM, Islam MM, Zaganas I. | 06/2/2012 |
| A protein encoded by this locus was found to be differentially expressed in postmortem brains from patients with atypical frontotemporal lobar degeneration. | Proteomic analysis identifies dysfunction in cellular transport, energy, and protein metabolism in different brain regions of atypical frontotemporal lobar degeneration.
Martins-de-Souza D, Guest PC, Mann DM, Roeber S, Rahmoune H, Bauder C, Kretzschmar H, Volk B, Baborie A, Bahn S. | 04/26/2012 |
| GLUD2 glutamate dehydrogenase is expressed in neural and testicular supporting cells | Human GLUD2 glutamate dehydrogenase is expressed in neural and testicular supporting cells.
Spanaki C, Zaganas I, Kleopa KA, Plaitakis A., Free PMC Article | 06/28/2010 |
| A gain-of-function rare polymorphism in hGDH2 hastens the onset of Parkinson's disease in hemizygous subjects. | Gain-of-function variant in GLUD2 glutamate dehydrogenase modifies Parkinson's disease onset.
Plaitakis A, Latsoudis H, Kanavouras K, Ritz B, Bronstein JM, Skoula I, Mastorodemos V, Papapetropoulos S, Borompokas N, Zaganas I, Xiromerisiou G, Hadjigeorgiou GM, Spanaki C, Plaitakis A, Latsoudis H, Kanavouras K, Ritz B, Bronstein JM, Skoula I, Mastorodemos V, Papapetropoulos S, Borompokas N, Zaganas I, Xiromerisiou G, Hadjigeorgiou GM, Spanaki C., Free PMC Articles: PMC2987208, PMC2987208 | 05/31/2010 |
| Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator) | Gain-of-function variant in GLUD2 glutamate dehydrogenase modifies Parkinson's disease onset.
Plaitakis A, Latsoudis H, Kanavouras K, Ritz B, Bronstein JM, Skoula I, Mastorodemos V, Papapetropoulos S, Borompokas N, Zaganas I, Xiromerisiou G, Hadjigeorgiou GM, Spanaki C, Plaitakis A, Latsoudis H, Kanavouras K, Ritz B, Bronstein JM, Skoula I, Mastorodemos V, Papapetropoulos S, Borompokas N, Zaganas I, Xiromerisiou G, Hadjigeorgiou GM, Spanaki C., Free PMC Articles: PMC2987208, PMC2987208 | 12/2/2009 |
| Hence, while most of the hGDHs translocate into the mitochondria (a process associated with cleavage of the signal sequence), part of the protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum, probably serving additional functions | Human GLUD1 and GLUD2 glutamate dehydrogenase localize to mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum.
Mastorodemos V, Kotzamani D, Zaganas I, Arianoglou G, Latsoudis H, Plaitakis A. | 01/21/2010 |
| GDH2 localizes mainly to mitochondria and to a lesser extent to the endoplasmic reticulum of cells | The human GLUD2 glutamate dehydrogenase: localization and functional aspects.
Zaganas I, Kanavouras K, Mastorodemos V, Latsoudis H, Spanaki C, Plaitakis A. | 01/21/2010 |