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    GLI2 GLI family zinc finger 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 2736, updated on 28-Oct-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    GLI2provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    GLI family zinc finger 2provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:4318
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000074047 MIM:165230; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4318
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    CJS; HPE9; PHS2; THP1; THP2
    Summary
    This gene encodes a protein which belongs to the C2H2-type zinc finger protein subclass of the Gli family. Members of this subclass are characterized as transcription factors which bind DNA through zinc finger motifs. These motifs contain conserved H-C links. Gli family zinc finger proteins are mediators of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling and they are implicated as potent oncogenes in the embryonal carcinoma cell. The protein encoded by this gene localizes to the cytoplasm and activates patched Drosophila homolog (PTCH) gene expression. It is also thought to play a role during embryogenesis. The encoded protein is associated with several phenotypes- Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome, Pallister-Hall syndrome, preaxial polydactyly type IV, postaxial polydactyly types A1 and B. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Broad expression in ovary (RPKM 2.5), endometrium (RPKM 1.2) and 19 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
    Try the new Gene table
    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See GLI2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    2q14.2
    Exon count:
    17
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 2 NC_000002.12 (120735868..120992653)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 2 NC_060926.1 (121171586..121428571)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 2 NC_000002.11 (121493444..121750229)

    Chromosome 2 - NC_000002.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121301087-121302286 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105373585 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 16461 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 11919 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121317507-121318008 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121332587-121333189 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121345700-121346593 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121352388-121352896 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121355088-121355588 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121355589-121356089 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 1201 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121366968-121367468 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121412505-121413005 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121419009-121419957 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121426571-121427770 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121463233-121463948 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121466954-121467822 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121467823-121468690 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124906073 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124907881 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121492073-121492720 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_52581 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121494648-121495148 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121495149-121495649 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121496056-121496893 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121496894-121497730 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121498530-121499171 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121497887-121498529 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121503217-121503718 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121510854-121511369 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121515981-121516842 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121526109-121526644 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121531159-121531669 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121540897-121541818 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 398 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121543663-121544585 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121545508-121546430 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121547621-121548252 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121552862-121553525 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121562057-121562706 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121565847-121566347 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121579379-121580044 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121580881-121581688 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121581689-121582496 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121582497-121583304 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121590494-121591486 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121603734-121604234 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121613936-121614585 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124907880 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121629417-121630339 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121644446-121645013 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121665103-121665838 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121665839-121666575 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121668884-121669827 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121672119-121672892 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121672893-121673666 Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121692033-121693232 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121700728-121701316 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121701317-121701903 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121717481-121717980 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121721921-121722462 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121722463-121723004 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121723005-121723545 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121740347-121740857 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121759954-121760517 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121776165-121776784 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121776785-121777404 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105373587 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121828403-121828966 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer hs522 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121889594-121890232 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:121890689-121891190 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105373588

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Phenotypes

    Copy number response

    Description
    Copy number response
    Triplosensitivity

    No evidence available (Last evaluated 2021-01-11)

    ClinGen Genome Curation Page
    Haploinsufficency

    Sufficient evidence for dosage pathogenicity (Last evaluated 2021-01-11)

    ClinGen Genome Curation PagePubMed

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Genetic variants associated with breast size also influence breast cancer risk.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Genome-wide association study to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the development of erectile dysfunction in African-American men after radiotherapy for prostate cancer.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Insights into the genetic architecture of early stage age-related macular degeneration: a genome-wide association study meta-analysis.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of adult height in East Asians identifies 17 novel loci.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Tat tat HIV-1 Tat binds to GLI2 and GLI2 binds to the human TGFB1 promoter, suggesting a potential mechanism for TGFB1 induction in HIV-1 infection PubMed
    tat GLI-2 physically interacts with HIV-1 Tat (demonstrated in GST pull-down experiments) and strongly synergizes with Tat during transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR promoter PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in axon guidance ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in branching morphogenesis of an epithelial tube ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular response to virus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cerebellar cortex morphogenesis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in developmental growth ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in embryonic digestive tract development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in epidermal cell differentiation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in floor plate formation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in hair follicle morphogenesis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in heart development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in hindbrain development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in hindgut morphogenesis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in kidney development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in lung development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in mammary gland development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in neuron development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in osteoblast development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in osteoblast differentiation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in pattern specification process ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in pituitary gland development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of DNA replication IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of T cell differentiation in thymus ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in proximal/distal pattern formation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in skeletal system development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in smoothened signaling pathway IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in smoothened signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in smoothened signaling pathway involved in ventral spinal cord interneuron specification ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in spinal cord dorsal/ventral patterning ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in spinal cord ventral commissure morphogenesis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in tube development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in ventral midline development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in ventral spinal cord development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of GLI-SUFU complex ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    located_in ciliary base TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    located_in ciliary tip TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    located_in cilium ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    located_in cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    located_in nucleolus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    located_in nucleoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    located_in nucleoplasm TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    zinc finger protein GLI2
    Names
    GLI family zinc finger protein 2
    GLI-Kruppel family member GLI2
    glioma-associated oncogene family zinc finger 2
    oncogene GLI2
    tax helper protein 1
    tax helper protein 2
    tax-responsive element-2 holding protein
    tax-responsive element-25-bp sequence binding protein

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_009030.2 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5002..261787
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001371271.1NP_001358200.1  zinc finger protein GLI2 isoform 1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC016764, AC017033
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS33283.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O60252, O60253, O60254, O60255, P10070, Q15590, Q15591, Q4JHT4
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      COG5189
      Location:499589
      SFP1; Putative transcriptional repressor regulating G2/M transition [Transcription / Cell division and chromosome partitioning]
      sd00017
      Location:505527
      ZF_C2H2; C2H2 Zn finger [structural motif]
      pfam09606
      Location:11171503
      Med15; ARC105 or Med15 subunit of Mediator complex non-fungal
    2. NM_001374353.1NP_001361282.1  zinc finger protein GLI2 isoform 2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC016764, AC017033
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS92850.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A7I2PJA1
      Related
      ENSP00000354586.5, ENST00000361492.9
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      COG5048
      Location:288549
      COG5048; FOG: Zn-finger [General function prediction only]
      COG5189
      Location:482572
      SFP1; Putative transcriptional repressor regulating G2/M transition [Transcription / Cell division and chromosome partitioning]
      sd00017
      Location:488510
      ZF_C2H2; C2H2 Zn finger [structural motif]
      pfam09606
      Location:11001486
      Med15; ARC105 or Med15 subunit of Mediator complex non-fungal
    3. NM_001374354.1NP_001361283.1  zinc finger protein GLI2 isoform 3

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC016764, AC017033
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      COG5048
      Location:163424
      COG5048; FOG: Zn-finger [General function prediction only]
      COG5189
      Location:357447
      SFP1; Putative transcriptional repressor regulating G2/M transition [Transcription / Cell division and chromosome partitioning]
      sd00017
      Location:363385
      ZF_C2H2; C2H2 Zn finger [structural motif]
      pfam09606
      Location:9751361
      Med15; ARC105 or Med15 subunit of Mediator complex non-fungal
    4. NM_005270.5NP_005261.2  zinc finger protein GLI2 isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005261.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC016764, AC017033
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS33283.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O60252, O60253, O60254, O60255, P10070, Q15590, Q15591, Q4JHT4
      Related
      ENSP00000390436.1, ENST00000452319.6
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      COG5189
      Location:499589
      SFP1; Putative transcriptional repressor regulating G2/M transition [Transcription / Cell division and chromosome partitioning]
      sd00017
      Location:505527
      ZF_C2H2; C2H2 Zn finger [structural motif]
      pfam09606
      Location:11171503
      Med15; ARC105 or Med15 subunit of Mediator complex non-fungal

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000002.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      120735868..120992653
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_047443947.1XP_047299903.1  zinc finger protein GLI2 isoform X3

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A7I2PJA1
    2. XM_011510971.3XP_011509273.1  zinc finger protein GLI2 isoform X4

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011509273.1

      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      sd00017
      Location:440462
      ZF_C2H2; C2H2 Zn finger [structural motif]
      pfam13465
      Location:454481
      zf-H2C2_2; Zinc-finger double domain
    3. XM_011510969.3XP_011509271.3  zinc finger protein GLI2 isoform X1

    4. XM_017003818.2XP_016859307.2  zinc finger protein GLI2 isoform X2

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060926.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      121171586..121428571
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054341398.1XP_054197373.1  zinc finger protein GLI2 isoform X3

    2. XM_054341402.1XP_054197377.1  zinc finger protein GLI2 isoform X9

    3. XM_054341401.1XP_054197376.1  zinc finger protein GLI2 isoform X4

    4. XM_054341396.1XP_054197371.1  zinc finger protein GLI2 isoform X5

    5. XM_054341397.1XP_054197372.1  zinc finger protein GLI2 isoform X6

    6. XM_054341400.1XP_054197375.1  zinc finger protein GLI2 isoform X8

    7. XM_054341399.1XP_054197374.1  zinc finger protein GLI2 isoform X7

    Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

    The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

    1. NM_030379.1: Suppressed sequence

      Description
      NM_030379.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because it is a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) candidate.
    2. NM_030380.1: Suppressed sequence

      Description
      NM_030380.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because it is a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) candidate.
    3. NM_030381.1: Suppressed sequence

      Description
      NM_030381.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because it is a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) candidate.