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    GADD45G growth arrest and DNA damage inducible gamma [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 10912, updated on 2-Nov-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    GADD45Gprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    growth arrest and DNA damage inducible gammaprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:4097
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000130222 MIM:604949; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4097
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    CR6; DDIT2; GRP17; GADD45gamma
    Summary
    This gene is a member of a group of genes whose transcript levels are increased following stressful growth arrest conditions and treatment with DNA-damaging agents. The protein encoded by this gene responds to environmental stresses by mediating activation of the p38/JNK pathway via MTK1/MEKK4 kinase. The GADD45G is highly expressed in placenta. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Broad expression in liver (RPKM 21.4), placenta (RPKM 16.8) and 22 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See GADD45G in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    9q22.2
    Exon count:
    4
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 9 NC_000009.12 (89605012..89606555)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 9 NC_060933.1 (101768936..101770479)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 9 NC_000009.11 (92219927..92221470)

    Chromosome 9 - NC_000009.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105376137 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancers experimental_108656 and experimental_108657 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_108660 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_108664 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_108670 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_108676 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 28550 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 28551 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 28552 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20015 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 28553 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_108683 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92167973-92168574 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124902207 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 28554 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_108686 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92179407-92179906 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105376139 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92218738-92219636 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92226260-92226808 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92229340-92229881 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92254441-92255010 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92263300-92263809 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 3062 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92269903-92270434 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92276688-92277224 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92277225-92277762 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92277763-92278299 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92290615-92291265 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92291266-92291915 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer hs1339 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92300659-92301230 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20017 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105376140 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92313261-92313762 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92313763-92314262 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92316238-92317437 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92327190-92327690 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr9:92332512-92332723 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20018 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 28556 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 28557 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92450186-92450697 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92458811-92459312 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92459313-92459812 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:92493341-92493841 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr9:92494129-92494294 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107987032

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. The role of GADD45G methylation in endometrial cancer: Insights into CDK1/CCNB1 activation and therapeutic opportunities.
      Title: The role of GADD45G methylation in endometrial cancer: Insights into CDK1/CCNB1 activation and therapeutic opportunities.
    2. MAGEH1 interacts with GADD45G and induces renal tubular cell apoptosis.
      Title: MAGEH1 interacts with GADD45G and induces renal tubular cell apoptosis.
    3. Gadd45g insufficiency drives the pathogenesis of myeloproliferative neoplasms.
      Title: Gadd45g insufficiency drives the pathogenesis of myeloproliferative neoplasms.
    4. Identify GADD45G as a potential target of 4-methoxydalbergione in treatment of liver cancer: bioinformatics analysis and in vivo experiment.
      Title: Identify GADD45G as a potential target of 4-methoxydalbergione in treatment of liver cancer: bioinformatics analysis and in vivo experiment.
    5. Circular RNA circCHFR downregulation protects against oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced endothelial injury via regulation of microRNA-15b-5p/growth arrest and DNA damage inducible gamma.
      Title: Circular RNA circCHFR downregulation protects against oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced endothelial injury via regulation of microRNA-15b-5p/growth arrest and DNA damage inducible gamma.
    6. Effect of GADD45G on the radioresistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.
      Title: Effect of GADD45G on the radioresistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.
    7. Novel myocardial markers GADD45G and NDUFS5 identified by RNA-sequencing predicts left ventricular reverse remodeling in advanced non-ischemic heart failure: a retrospective cohort study.
      Title: Novel myocardial markers GADD45G and NDUFS5 identified by RNA-sequencing predicts left ventricular reverse remodeling in advanced non-ischemic heart failure: a retrospective cohort study.
    8. GADD45G Interacts with E-cadherin to Suppress the Migration and Invasion of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
      Title: GADD45G Interacts with E-cadherin to Suppress the Migration and Invasion of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
    9. HSV-1 causes upregulation of the GADD45gamma gene to prevent the upregulation of innate immunity genes.
      Title: GADD45γ Activated Early in the Course of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Infection Suppresses the Activation of a Network of Innate Immunity Genes.
    10. this is the first study to show that GADD45gamma is required for the caspase-dependent apoptosis of renal tubular cells induced by nephrotoxic drugs.
      Title: Growth arrest and DNA damage 45γ is required for caspase-dependent renal tubular cell apoptosis.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (42)

    Phenotypes

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    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    A genome-wide association study identifies protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs).
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Variation

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    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in apoptotic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of JNK cascade IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of apoptotic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of p38MAPK cascade IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of cell cycle IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma
    Names
    DDIT-2
    DNA damage-inducible transcript 2 protein
    GADD45-gamma
    cytokine-responsive protein CR6
    gadd-related protein, 17 kD

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_006705.4 → NP_006696.1  growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_006696.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      BC019325, DA420966
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS6686.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O95257, Q5VZ87, Q9C076
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6IAW6
      Related
      ENSP00000252506.6, ENST00000252506.11
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam01248
      Location:24 → 106
      Ribosomal_L7Ae; Ribosomal protein L7Ae/L30e/S12e/Gadd45 family

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000009.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      89605012..89606555
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_011518163.3 → XP_011516465.1  growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma isoform X1

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl00600
      Location:25 → 72
      Ribosomal_L7Ae; Ribosomal protein L7Ae/L30e/S12e/Gadd45 family

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060933.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      101768936..101770479
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054361814.1 → XP_054217789.1  growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma isoform X1

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    O95257.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:O95257

    Gene LinkOut

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