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    TROAP trophinin associated protein [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 10024, updated on 2-Nov-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    TROAPprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    trophinin associated proteinprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:12327
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000135451 MIM:603872; AllianceGenome:HGNC:12327
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    TASTIN
    Summary
    Predicted to be involved in cell adhesion. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
    Expression
    Biased expression in testis (RPKM 7.6), bone marrow (RPKM 6.1) and 11 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See TROAP in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    12q13.12
    Exon count:
    16
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 12 NC_000012.12 (49323255..49331731)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 12 NC_060936.1 (49284317..49293921)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 12 NC_000012.11 (49717038..49725514)

    Chromosome 12 - NC_000012.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4426 Neighboring gene tubulin alpha 1c Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:49650243-49650960 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4427 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4428 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6310 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr12:49659281-49659494 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 9693 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:49672666-49673257 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 11054 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:49686422-49687185 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:49687186-49687948 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:49688028-49688945 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:49688946-49689862 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 11953 Neighboring gene TROAP and PRPH antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene peripherin Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6312 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6313 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:49724253-49724754 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:49729567-49730366 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4429 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4430 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:49736353-49736864 Neighboring gene complement C1q like 4 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4431 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4432 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4433 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:49741370-49742313 Neighboring gene DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C22

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Tastin is required for bipolar spindle assembly and centrosome integrity during mitosis. Yang S, et al. FASEB J, 2008 Jun. PMID 18218922
    2. Tastin promotes non-small-cell lung cancer progression through the ErbB4, PI3K/AKT, and ERK1/2 pathways. Yue A, et al. Exp Biol Med (Maywood), 2023 Mar. PMID 36691332, Free PMC Article
    3. Downregulated Trophinin-Associated Protein Plays a Critical Role in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through Upregulation of Tumor Cell Growth and Migration. Lian Y, et al. Oncol Res, 2018 Jun 11. PMID 29117881, Free PMC Article
    4. Decreased expression of TROAP suppresses cellular proliferation, migration and invasion in gastric cancer. Jing K, et al. Mol Med Rep, 2018 Sep. PMID 29956806
    5. High Trophinin-Associated Protein Expression Is an Independent Predictor of Poor Survival in Liver Cancer. Jiao Y, et al. Dig Dis Sci, 2019 Jan. PMID 30284652

    See all (47) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. METTL3 regulatory TROAP can regulate the progression of non-small cell lung cancer through PI3K/AKT and EMT signaling pathway.
      Title: METTL3 regulatory TROAP can regulate the progression of non-small cell lung cancer through PI3K/AKT and EMT signaling pathway.
    2. TROAP Promotes the Proliferation, Migration, and Metastasis of Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma with the Help of STAT3.
      Title: TROAP Promotes the Proliferation, Migration, and Metastasis of Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma with the Help of STAT3.
    3. Tastin promotes non-small-cell lung cancer progression through the ErbB4, PI3K/AKT, and ERK1/2 pathways.
      Title: Tastin promotes non-small-cell lung cancer progression through the ErbB4, PI3K/AKT, and ERK1/2 pathways.
    4. MiR-532-3p suppresses cell viability, migration and invasion of clear cell renal cell carcinoma through targeting TROAP.
      Title: MiR-532-3p suppresses cell viability, migration and invasion of clear cell renal cell carcinoma through targeting TROAP.
    5. TROAP switches DYRK1 activity to drive hepatocellular carcinoma progression.
      Title: TROAP switches DYRK1 activity to drive hepatocellular carcinoma progression.
    6. Study found that TROAP expression correlates with patient survival and speculated that it may be involved in prostate cancer progression.
      Title: TROAP regulates prostate cancer progression via the WNT3/survivin signalling pathways.
    7. The present study suggests that TROAP plays an important role in promoting the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of breast cancer.
      Title: TROAP Promotes Breast Cancer Proliferation and Metastasis.
    8. Elevated TROAP expression is an independent predictor of poor survival in liver cancer.
      Title: High Trophinin-Associated Protein Expression Is an Independent Predictor of Poor Survival in Liver Cancer.
    9. the present study provided evidence that TROAP serves a role in GC cells by promoting cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and invasion in vitro. Combined analysis of cell lines and datasets from a public database, demonstrated that TROAP overexpression may be used as a predictor of poor survival in patients with GC.
      Title: Decreased expression of TROAP suppresses cellular proliferation, migration and invasion in gastric cancer.
    10. these results indicate that TROAP suppresses cellular growth and migration in hepatocellular carcinoma
      Title: Downregulated Trophinin-Associated Protein Plays a Critical Role in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through Upregulation of Tumor Cell Growth and Migration.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (12)

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in cell adhesion IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cytoplasm IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    tastin
    Names
    trophinin assisting protein
    trophinin-assisting protein (tastin)

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001100620.3 → NP_001094090.1  tastin isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001094090.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks multiple exons and includes an alternate 3' terminal exon, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) is much shorter and has a distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC125611, BC011597, DC410015
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS41779.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q12815
      Related
      ENSP00000369684.5, ENST00000380327.9
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl25751
      Location:19 → 132
      DUF4045; Domain of unknown function (DUF4045)

    2. NM_001278324.2 → NP_001265253.1  tastin isoform 3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001265253.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks multiple exons and includes an alternate 3' terminal exon, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (3) is much shorter and has a distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      BC018627, CD366215, DC410015
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS61117.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      F8W052
      Related
      ENSP00000448313.1, ENST00000548311.5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      PTZ00449
      Location:19 → 100
      PTZ00449; 104 kDa microneme/rhoptry antigen; Provisional

    3. NM_001410976.1 → NP_001397905.1  tastin isoform 4

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC125611
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS91693.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      F8W130
      Related
      ENSP00000447509.1, ENST00000551245.5

    4. NM_005480.4 → NP_005471.3  tastin isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005471.3

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      BC032583, DC410015, U04810
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS8784.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      F8VSF9, Q12815, Q6PJU7, Q8N5B2
      Related
      ENSP00000257909.3, ENST00000257909.8
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      PTZ00449
      Location:19 → 125
      PTZ00449; 104 kDa microneme/rhoptry antigen; Provisional
      PHA03247
      Location:545 → 695
      PHA03247; large tegument protein UL36; Provisional
      COG5028
      Location:251 → 364
      COG5028; Vesicle coat complex COPII, subunit SEC24/subunit SFB2/subunit SFB3 [Intracellular trafficking and secretion]

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000012.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      49323255..49331731
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_011537723.2 → XP_011536025.1  tastin isoform X1

      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      PTZ00449
      Location:19 → 125
      PTZ00449; 104 kDa microneme/rhoptry antigen; Provisional
      PHA03247
      Location:500 → 650
      PHA03247; large tegument protein UL36; Provisional
      COG5028
      Location:251 → 364
      COG5028; Vesicle coat complex COPII, subunit SEC24/subunit SFB2/subunit SFB3 [Intracellular trafficking and secretion]

    2. XM_047428030.1 → XP_047283986.1  tastin isoform X2

    3. XM_047428031.1 → XP_047283987.1  tastin isoform X3

    4. XM_047428034.1 → XP_047283990.1  tastin isoform X5

    5. XM_047428033.1 → XP_047283989.1  tastin isoform X4

    6. XM_047428032.1 → XP_047283988.1  tastin isoform X4

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060936.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      49284317..49293921
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054370700.1 → XP_054226675.1  tastin isoform X7

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      F8VSF9, Q12815, Q6PJU7, Q8N5B2

    2. XM_054370698.1 → XP_054226673.1  tastin isoform X6

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      F8W130

    3. XM_054370699.1 → XP_054226674.1  tastin isoform X1

    4. XM_054370701.1 → XP_054226676.1  tastin isoform X2

    5. XM_054370702.1 → XP_054226677.1  tastin isoform X3

    6. XM_054370705.1 → XP_054226680.1  tastin isoform X5

    7. XM_054370706.1 → XP_054226681.1  tastin isoform X8

    8. XM_054370707.1 → XP_054226682.1  tastin isoform X9

    9. XM_054370704.1 → XP_054226679.1  tastin isoform X4

    10. XM_054370703.1 → XP_054226678.1  tastin isoform X4

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q12815.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q12815

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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