AGRP agouti related neuropeptide [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: AGRPprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: agouti related neuropeptideprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:330
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000159723 MIM:602311; AllianceGenome:HGNC:330
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: ART; AGRT; ASIP2
Summary: This gene encodes an antagonist of the melanocortin-3 and melanocortin-4 receptor. It appears to regulate hypothalamic control of feeding behavior via melanocortin receptor and/or intracellular calcium regulation, and thus plays a role in weight homeostasis. Mutations in this gene have been associated with late on-set obesity. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2009]
Expression: Biased expression in adrenal (RPKM 1.6), lung (RPKM 0.8) and 5 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 16q22.1

Exon count:: 4

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2023_10	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	16	NC_000016.10 (67482571..67483547, complement)
RS_2023_10	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	16	NC_060940.1 (73277343..73278319, complement)
105.20220307	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	16	NC_000016.9 (67516474..67517450, complement)

Chromosome 16 - NC_000016.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Nuclear receptor 5A2 regulation of Agrp underlies olanzapine-induced hyperphagia.
Title: Nuclear receptor 5A2 regulation of Agrp underlies olanzapine-induced hyperphagia.
AgRP neurons coordinate the mitigation of activity-based anorexia.
Title: AgRP neurons coordinate the mitigation of activity-based anorexia.
Discovery of Molecular Interactions of the Human Melanocortin-4 Receptor (hMC4R) Asp189 (D189) Amino Acid with the Endogenous G-Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPCR) Antagonist Agouti-Related Protein (AGRP) Provides Insights to AGRP's Inverse Agonist Pharmacology at the hMC4R.
Title: Discovery of Molecular Interactions of the Human Melanocortin-4 Receptor (hMC4R) Asp189 (D189) Amino Acid with the Endogenous G-Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPCR) Antagonist Agouti-Related Protein (AGRP) Provides Insights to AGRP's Inverse Agonist Pharmacology at the hMC4R.
Mitochondrial Dynamics and Microglia as New Targets in Metabolism Regulation.
Title: Mitochondrial Dynamics and Microglia as New Targets in Metabolism Regulation.
The plasma AgRP levels were higher in those with active acromegaly than in the matched healthy subjects, and decreased after treatment with pegvisomant or with surgery.
Title: Plasma Agouti-Related Protein Levels in Acromegaly and Effects of Surgical or Pegvisomant Therapy.
Plasma agouti-related protein (AgRP) level is elevated in Cushing disease, tightly correlates with cortisol concentration, and decline with surgical cure. These data support the regulation of AgRP by glucocorticoids in humans.
Title: Plasma Agouti-Related Protein and Cortisol Levels in Cushing Disease: Evidence for the Regulation of Agouti-Related Protein by Glucocorticoids in Humans.
AgRP acted as a biased agonist in MC3R, decreasing cAMP activity of constitutively active mutant (F347A) MC3R but stimulating ERK1/2 activation in both wild type and F347A MC3Rs.
Title: Biased signaling initiated by agouti-related peptide through human melanocortin-3 and -4 receptors.
AgRP is not associated with changes in hunger or satiety, and can change without corresponding changes in leptin. This suggests that AgRP may not be involved in the episodic control of appetite and the release of AgRP may involve signals other than leptin.
Title: Regulation of plasma agouti-related protein and its relationship with hunger in lean and obese men.
data provide compelling evidence that AgRP is a heparan sulfate-binding protein and localizes critical regions in the AgRP structure required for this interaction.
Title: The agouti-related peptide binds heparan sulfate through segments critical for its orexigenic effects.
The aim of this survey is to evaluate the association of genetic variants of melanocortin-4-receptor (MC4R), pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), apolipoprotein E (APOE) and agouti-related protein (AGRP) with obesity in the North Indian population.
Title: Analysis of MC4R rs17782313, POMC rs1042571, APOE-Hha1 and AGRP rs3412352 genetic variants with susceptibility to obesity risk in North Indians.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (41)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description	Tests
Inherited obesity MedGen: C4054476 OMIM: 601665 GeneReviews: Not available	Compare labs

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

PMC310777P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272676

PMC314306P7 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272939

PMC314306P8 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272940

PMC310777P2 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272686

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:483944

RH65050 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:85353

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables neuropeptide hormone activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables neuropeptide hormone activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables signaling receptor binding	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables type 1 melanocortin receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in adult feeding behavior	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in circadian rhythm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in eating behavior	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in feeding behavior	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in hormone-mediated signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in long-day photoperiodism	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in maternal process involved in female pregnancy	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in neuropeptide signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in neuropeptide signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of feeding behavior	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of feeding behavior	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of feeding behavior	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in response to insulin	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in Golgi lumen	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in neuronal cell body	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: agouti-related protein

Names: agouti related protein homolog

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.