PGF placental growth factor [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: PGFprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: placental growth factorprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:8893
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000119630 MIM:601121; AllianceGenome:HGNC:8893
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: PGFL; PIGF; PLGF; PlGF-2; D12S1900; SHGC-10760
Summary: Enables growth factor activity. Involved in positive regulation of cell population proliferation. Predicted to be located in extracellular region. Predicted to be active in extracellular space. Implicated in several diseases, including brain ischemia; diabetic neuropathy; glioblastoma; myocardial infarction; and pancreatic endocrine carcinoma. Biomarker of several diseases, including artery disease (multiple); autoimmune disease of musculoskeletal system (multiple); epilepsy (multiple); limited scleroderma; and pancreatic endocrine carcinoma. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Annotation information: Note: PGF (Gene ID: 5228) and PIGF (Gene ID: 5281) share the PIGF symbol/alias in common. PIGF is a widely used alternative gene symbol for placental growth factor (PGF), which can be confused with the official symbol for phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class F (PIGF). [06 Jul 2018]
Expression: Biased expression in placenta (RPKM 36.3), thyroid (RPKM 24.1) and 13 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 14q24.3

Exon count:: 7

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	14	NC_000014.9 (74941830..74955764, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	14	NC_060938.1 (69150944..69164879, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	14	NC_000014.8 (75408533..75422467, complement)

Chromosome 14 - NC_000014.9 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Expression of placental growth factor, neuropilin-1, and neuropilin-2 in primary pterygium tissue.
Title: Expression of placental growth factor, neuropilin-1, and neuropilin-2 in primary pterygium tissue.
Serum Placental Growth Factor as a Marker of Cerebrovascular Disease Burden in Alzheimer's Disease.
Title: Serum Placental Growth Factor as a Marker of Cerebrovascular Disease Burden in Alzheimer's Disease.
Assessment of serum levels and placental bed tissue expression of IGF-1, bFGF, and PLGF in patients with placenta previa complicated with placenta accreta spectrum disorders.
Title: Assessment of serum levels and placental bed tissue expression of IGF-1, bFGF, and PLGF in patients with placenta previa complicated with placenta accreta spectrum disorders.
Predictive value of maternal serum placental growth factor levels for discordant fetal growth in twins: a retrospective cohort study.
Title: Predictive value of maternal serum placental growth factor levels for discordant fetal growth in twins: a retrospective cohort study.
Serum placental growth factor, total cholesterol, and triglycerides for prediction of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.
Title: Serum placental growth factor, total cholesterol, and triglycerides for prediction of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.
The cytokine trio - visfatin, placental growth factor and fractalkine - and their role in myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA).
Title: The cytokine trio - visfatin, placental growth factor and fractalkine - and their role in myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA).
Causal association between placental growth factor and coronary heart disease: a Mendelian randomization study.
Title: Causal association between placental growth factor and coronary heart disease: a Mendelian randomization study.
Maternal PlGF and umbilical Dopplers predict pregnancy outcomes at diagnosis of early-onset fetal growth restriction.
Title: Maternal PlGF and umbilical Dopplers predict pregnancy outcomes at diagnosis of early-onset fetal growth restriction.
Accuracy of placental growth factor alone or in combination with soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 or maternal factors in detecting preeclampsia in asymptomatic women in the second and third trimesters: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Title: Accuracy of placental growth factor alone or in combination with soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 or maternal factors in detecting preeclampsia in asymptomatic women in the second and third trimesters: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
sFLT1, PlGF, the sFLT1/PlGF Ratio and Their Association with Pre-Eclampsia in Twin Pregnancies-A Review of the Literature.
Title: sFLT1, PlGF, the sFLT1/PlGF Ratio and Their Association with Pre-Eclampsia in Twin Pregnancies-A Review of the Literature.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (391)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

D12S1900 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:35099

RH70836 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:54343

RH70005 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:73557

G10734 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:3163

D14S850 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:32097

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables chemoattractant activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables growth factor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables growth factor activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables heparin binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables vascular endothelial growth factor receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cell differentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cell-cell signaling	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in induction of positive chemotaxis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive chemotaxis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell division	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of mast cell chemotaxis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in response to hypoxia	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in signal transduction	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in sprouting angiogenesis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: placenta growth factor

Names: placental growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor-related protein

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_029168.1 RefSeqGene

Range

5168..18931

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001207012.1 → NP_001193941.1 placenta growth factor isoform 2 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001193941.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate in-frame exon in the 3' coding region relative to variant 1. It encodes the shortest isoform (2, also known as PlGF-1 or PLGF-1), which lacks a 21 amino acid heparin binding domain found in variant 1 (PMID:8148155).

Source sequence(s)

AC006530, BX248289, BX356823, X54936

Consensus CDS

CCDS55932.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P49763

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q86TW6

Related

ENSP00000451413.1, ENST00000553716.5

Conserved Domains (2) summary

PHA02661
Location:4 → 134

PHA02661; vascular endothelial growth factor like protein; Provisional

smart00141
Location:50 → 132

PDGF; Platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors (PDGF, VEGF) family
NM_001293643.1 → NP_001280572.1 placenta growth factor isoform 3 precursor

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (3) has an alternate splice site in the 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (3) lacks an internal aa, compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AC006530, AL543693, BX248289

Consensus CDS

CCDS73664.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

G3XA84

Related

ENSP00000238607.6, ENST00000238607.10

Conserved Domains (2) summary

PHA02661
Location:4 → 133

PHA02661; vascular endothelial growth factor like protein; Provisional

smart00141
Location:49 → 131

PDGF; Platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors (PDGF, VEGF) family
NM_002632.6 → NP_002623.2 placenta growth factor isoform 1 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002623.2

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes isoform 1 (also known as PlGF-2, PLGF-2 or PGF-2) and contains a 21 amino acid region that is thought to bind heparin (PMID:8148155).

Source sequence(s)

AC006530

Consensus CDS

CCDS9835.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q53XY6

Related

ENSP00000451040.1, ENST00000555567.6

Conserved Domains (2) summary

PHA02661
Location:4 → 134

PHA02661; vascular endothelial growth factor like protein; Provisional

smart00141
Location:50 → 132

PDGF; Platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors (PDGF, VEGF) family