Trio trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Trioprovided by RGD
Official Full Name: trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factorprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:1308360
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000012148 AllianceGenome:RGD:1308360
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Summary: Enables enzyme binding activity. Predicted to be involved in axon guidance and negative regulation of fat cell differentiation. Predicted to be located in cell projection. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. Predicted to be extrinsic component of membrane. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability and autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability 44. Orthologous to human TRIO (trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression: Biased expression in Brain (RPKM 166.0), Kidney (RPKM 147.2) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 2q22

Exon count:: 59

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	2	NC_086020.1 (80235485..80531824, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	2	NC_051337.1 (78505069..78801384, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	2	NC_005101.4 (80471398..80769313, complement)

Chromosome 2 - NC_086020.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

In accordance with pathological increases or decreases in glutamatergic neurotransmission observed in animal models of autism spectrum disorder, we find that Trio mutations result in either reduced synaptic AMPA receptor expression or enhanced glutamatergic synaptogenesis. Together, our findings implicate both excessive and reduced Trio activity and the resulting synaptic dysfunction in ASD-related pathogenesis.
Title: An autism spectrum disorder-related de novo mutation hotspot discovered in the GEF1 domain of Trio.
TRIO loss of function is associated with mild intellectual disability and affects dendritic branching and synapse function.
Title: TRIO loss of function is associated with mild intellectual disability and affects dendritic branching and synapse function.
These findings demonstrate that Hsc70 chaperone activity is required for Rac1 activation by Trio and this function underlies netrin-1/DCC-dependent axon outgrowth and guidance.
Title: Hsc70 chaperone activity underlies Trio GEF function in axon growth and guidance induced by netrin-1.
Describe here an invadopodia disassembly model, where a signalling axis involving TrioGEF, Rac1, Pak1, and phosphorylation of cortactin, causes invadopodia dissolution.
Title: A Trio-Rac1-Pak1 signalling axis drives invadopodia disassembly.
Trio(Y2622) phosphorylation is essential for the regulation of the DCC/Trio signaling complex in cortical neurons during netrin-1-mediated axon outgrowth.
Title: Tyrosine phosphorylation of the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio regulates netrin-1/DCC-mediated cortical axon outgrowth.
Kidins220 regulates Rac1-dependent neurite outgrowth by direct interaction with the Trio.
Title: Kidins220/ARMS regulates Rac1-dependent neurite outgrowth by direct interaction with the RhoGEF Trio.
Data suggest that control of the cortical actin cytoskeleton, long known to modulate hormone exocytosis and subsequent endocytosis, involves cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5)-mediated activation of Trio.
Title: Cdk5 and Trio modulate endocrine cell exocytosis.
Trio levels in the hippocampus and cortex are high at P1, decreasing until P30. The data suggest that Trio plays an important role during neuronal development.
Title: Expression of Trio, a member of the Dbl family of Rho GEFs in the developing rat brain.

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General gene information

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Markers

RH128153 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:211461

BE115314 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:248136

RH144049 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:233295

D2Mco18 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:239443

AU027060 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:116054

RH142794 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:232041

RH143835 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:233081

RH143590 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:232836

RH138486 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:220573

RH139536 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:221622

D2Rat75 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:118722

BE106322 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:246230

BE119929 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:249304

RH140371 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:222447

D2Chm172 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:518140

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ATP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables enzyme binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables histone H2AS1 kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables nucleotide binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein serine kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in axon guidance	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in chromatin remodeling	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in modulation of chemical synaptic transmission	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in modulation of chemical synaptic transmission	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of fat cell differentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of fat cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of fat cell differentiation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in neuron projection morphogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in neuron projection morphogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in neuron projection morphogenesis	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in postsynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in postsynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in protein phosphorylation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
located_in cell projection	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in extrinsic component of membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in glutamatergic synapse	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in postsynapse	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in postsynapse	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in postsynapse	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
located_in presynaptic active zone	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in presynaptic active zone	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: triple functional domain protein

Names: PTPRF-interacting protein; triple functional domain (PTPRF interacting)

NP_001101128.3

EC 2.7.11.1

XP_006232152.2

EC 2.7.11.1

XP_006232153.2

EC 2.7.11.1

XP_017446701.2

EC 2.7.11.1

XP_038958154.1

EC 2.7.11.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001107658.3 → NP_001101128.3 triple functional domain protein

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

JAXUCZ010000002

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

F1M0Z1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A8I6AS57

Related

ENSRNOP00000081265.2, ENSRNOT00000099604.2

Conserved Domains (10) summary

smart00150
Location:1143 → 1243

SPEC; Spectrin repeats

cd11852
Location:1659 → 1718

SH3_Kalirin_1; First Src homology 3 domain of the RhoGEF kinase, Kalirin

cd11853
Location:2559 → 2617

SH3_Kalirin_2; Second Src homology 3 domain of the RhoGEF kinase, Kalirin

smart00409
Location:2696 → 2780

IG; Immunoglobulin

smart00516
Location:69 → 204

SEC14; Domain in homologues of a S. cerevisiae phosphatidylinositol transfer protein (Sec14p)

cd00160
Location:1970 → 2143

RhoGEF; Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho/Rac/Cdc42-like GTPases; Also called Dbl-homologous (DH) domain. It appears that PH domains invariably occur C-terminal to RhoGEF/DH domains.

cd00176
Location:567 → 783

SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...

cd13240
Location:1472 → 1594

PH1_Kalirin_Trio_like; Triple functional domain pleckstrin homology pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, repeat 1

cd13241
Location:2148 → 2286

PH2_Kalirin_Trio_p63RhoGEF; p63RhoGEF pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, repeat 2

cd14113
Location:2792 → 3054

STKc_Trio_C; C-terminal kinase domain of the Large Serine/Threonine Kinase and Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor, Triple functional domain protein

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

NC_086020.1 Reference GRCr8

Range

80235485..80531824 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_006232090.5 → XP_006232152.2 triple functional domain protein isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

F1M0Z1

Related

ENSRNOP00000076435.1, ENSRNOT00000107418.2

Conserved Domains (12) summary

smart00150
Location:1143 → 1243

SPEC; Spectrin repeats

cd11852
Location:1659 → 1718

SH3_Kalirin_1; First Src homology 3 domain of the RhoGEF kinase, Kalirin

cd11853
Location:2559 → 2617

SH3_Kalirin_2; Second Src homology 3 domain of the RhoGEF kinase, Kalirin

smart00516
Location:69 → 204

SEC14; Domain in homologues of a S. cerevisiae phosphatidylinositol transfer protein (Sec14p)

cd00160
Location:1970 → 2143

RhoGEF; Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho/Rac/Cdc42-like GTPases; Also called Dbl-homologous (DH) domain. It appears that PH domains invariably occur C-terminal to RhoGEF/DH domains.

cd00176
Location:567 → 783

SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...

cd13240
Location:1472 → 1594

PH1_Kalirin_Trio_like; Triple functional domain pleckstrin homology pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, repeat 1

cd13241
Location:2148 → 2286

PH2_Kalirin_Trio_p63RhoGEF; p63RhoGEF pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, repeat 2

cd14113
Location:2788 → 3050

STKc_Trio_C; C-terminal kinase domain of the Large Serine/Threonine Kinase and Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor, Triple functional domain protein

pfam07679
Location:2685 → 2776

I-set; Immunoglobulin I-set domain

pfam16609
Location:1715 → 1972

SH3-RhoG_link; SH3-RhoGEF linking unstructured region

cd00096
Location:2693 → 2696

Ig; Ig strand A' [structural motif]
XM_006232091.5 → XP_006232153.2 triple functional domain protein isoform X2

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A1P0PBZ6

Related

ENSRNOP00000091530.2, ENSRNOT00000093833.2

Conserved Domains (12) summary

smart00150
Location:1104 → 1204

SPEC; Spectrin repeats

cd11852
Location:1620 → 1679

SH3_Kalirin_1; First Src homology 3 domain of the RhoGEF kinase, Kalirin

cd11853
Location:2520 → 2578

SH3_Kalirin_2; Second Src homology 3 domain of the RhoGEF kinase, Kalirin

smart00516
Location:30 → 165

SEC14; Domain in homologues of a S. cerevisiae phosphatidylinositol transfer protein (Sec14p)

cd00160
Location:1931 → 2104

RhoGEF; Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho/Rac/Cdc42-like GTPases; Also called Dbl-homologous (DH) domain. It appears that PH domains invariably occur C-terminal to RhoGEF/DH domains.

cd00176
Location:528 → 744

SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...

cd13240
Location:1433 → 1555

PH1_Kalirin_Trio_like; Triple functional domain pleckstrin homology pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, repeat 1

cd13241
Location:2109 → 2247

PH2_Kalirin_Trio_p63RhoGEF; p63RhoGEF pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, repeat 2

cd14113
Location:2753 → 3015

STKc_Trio_C; C-terminal kinase domain of the Large Serine/Threonine Kinase and Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor, Triple functional domain protein

pfam07679
Location:2650 → 2741

I-set; Immunoglobulin I-set domain

pfam16609
Location:1676 → 1933

SH3-RhoG_link; SH3-RhoGEF linking unstructured region

cd00096
Location:2658 → 2661

Ig; Ig strand A' [structural motif]
XM_039102226.2 → XP_038958154.1 triple functional domain protein isoform X3

Conserved Domains (11) summary

smart00150
Location:472 → 572

SPEC; Spectrin repeats

cd11852
Location:988 → 1047

SH3_Kalirin_1; First Src homology 3 domain of the RhoGEF kinase, Kalirin

cd11853
Location:1888 → 1946

SH3_Kalirin_2; Second Src homology 3 domain of the RhoGEF kinase, Kalirin

cd00160
Location:1299 → 1472

RhoGEF; Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho/Rac/Cdc42-like GTPases; Also called Dbl-homologous (DH) domain. It appears that PH domains invariably occur C-terminal to RhoGEF/DH domains.

cd00176
Location:237 → 466

SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...

cd13240
Location:801 → 923

PH1_Kalirin_Trio_like; Triple functional domain pleckstrin homology pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, repeat 1

cd13241
Location:1477 → 1615

PH2_Kalirin_Trio_p63RhoGEF; p63RhoGEF pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, repeat 2

cd14113
Location:2121 → 2383

STKc_Trio_C; C-terminal kinase domain of the Large Serine/Threonine Kinase and Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor, Triple functional domain protein

pfam07679
Location:2018 → 2109

I-set; Immunoglobulin I-set domain

pfam16609
Location:1044 → 1301

SH3-RhoG_link; SH3-RhoGEF linking unstructured region

cd00096
Location:2026 → 2029

Ig; Ig strand A' [structural motif]
XM_017591212.3 → XP_017446701.2 triple functional domain protein isoform X4

Conserved Domains (8) summary

smart00150
Location:1143 → 1243

SPEC; Spectrin repeats

cd11852
Location:1659 → 1718

SH3_Kalirin_1; First Src homology 3 domain of the RhoGEF kinase, Kalirin

smart00516
Location:69 → 204

SEC14; Domain in homologues of a S. cerevisiae phosphatidylinositol transfer protein (Sec14p)

cd00160
Location:1970 → 2143

RhoGEF; Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho/Rac/Cdc42-like GTPases; Also called Dbl-homologous (DH) domain. It appears that PH domains invariably occur C-terminal to RhoGEF/DH domains.

cd00176
Location:567 → 783

SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...

cd13240
Location:1472 → 1594

PH1_Kalirin_Trio_like; Triple functional domain pleckstrin homology pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, repeat 1

cd13241
Location:2148 → 2286

PH2_Kalirin_Trio_p63RhoGEF; p63RhoGEF pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, repeat 2

pfam16609
Location:1715 → 1972

SH3-RhoG_link; SH3-RhoGEF linking unstructured region