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Oral bleeding

MedGen UID:
10459
Concept ID:
C0029163
Pathologic Function
Synonyms: Hemorrhage, Oral; Oral Hemorrhage; Oral Hemorrhages
SNOMED CT: Bleeding from mouth (22490002); Oral hemorrhage (22490002); Stomatorrhagia (22490002); Bleeding of mouth (22490002); Bleeding in mouth (22490002)
 
HPO: HP:0040184

Definition

Bleeding originating from the mouth. [from NCI]

Conditions with this feature

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
MedGen UID:
21921
Concept ID:
C0043194
Disease or Syndrome
The WAS-related disorders, which include Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, X-linked thrombocytopenia (XLT), and X-linked congenital neutropenia (XLN), are a spectrum of disorders of hematopoietic cells, with predominant defects of platelets and lymphocytes caused by pathogenic variants in WAS. WAS-related disorders usually present in infancy. Affected males have thrombocytopenia with intermittent mucosal bleeding, bloody diarrhea, and intermittent or chronic petechiae and purpura; eczema; and recurrent bacterial and viral infections, particularly of the ear. At least 40% of those who survive the early complications develop one or more autoimmune conditions including hemolytic anemia, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, immune-mediated neutropenia, rheumatoid arthritis, vasculitis, and immune-mediated damage to the kidneys and liver. Individuals with a WAS-related disorder, particularly those who have been exposed to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), are at increased risk of developing lymphomas, which often occur in unusual, extranodal locations including the brain, lung, or gastrointestinal tract. Males with XLT have thrombocytopenia with small platelets; other complications of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, including eczema and immune dysfunction, are usually mild or absent. Males with XLN have congenital neutropenia, myeloid dysplasia, and lymphoid cell abnormalities.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Selmi C, La Marca A
Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care 2023 Dec;28(6):285-294. Epub 2023 Nov 30 doi: 10.1080/13625187.2023.2270098. PMID: 37955241
Miclotte I, Agbaje JO, Spaey Y, Legrand P, Politis C
Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018 Jun;56(5):388-393. Epub 2018 Apr 16 doi: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2018.02.001. PMID: 29673558
Schizas D, Kariori M, Boudoulas KD, Siasos G, Patelis N, Kalantzis C, Moldovan CM, Vavuranakis M
Curr Pharm Des 2018;24(23):2743-2755. doi: 10.2174/1381612824666180403094428. PMID: 29611483

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Eduardo FP, Bezinelli LM, Gobbi MF, Bergamin LG, de Carvalho DLC, Corrêa L
Spec Care Dentist 2022 Sep;42(5):494-502. Epub 2022 Mar 3 doi: 10.1111/scd.12705. PMID: 35239209Free PMC Article
Ockerman A, Miclotte I, Vanhaverbeke M, Vanassche T, Belmans A, Vanhove J, Meyns J, Nadjmi N, Van Hemelen G, Winderickx P, Jacobs R, Politis C, Verhamme P
PLoS Med 2021 May;18(5):e1003601. Epub 2021 May 3 doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003601. PMID: 33939696Free PMC Article
de Oliveira Rech B, Rocha Tenório J, Bertoldi Franco J, Medina JB, Gallottini M, Pérez-Sayáns M, Ortega KL
J Am Dent Assoc 2021 Jan;152(1):46-54.e2. Epub 2020 Nov 26 doi: 10.1016/j.adaj.2020.09.018. PMID: 33250169
Engelen ET, Schutgens RE, Mauser-Bunschoten EP, van Es RJ, van Galen KP
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Jul 2;7(7):CD012293. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012293.pub2. PMID: 29963686Free PMC Article
Napeñas JJ, Oost FC, DeGroot A, Loven B, Hong CH, Brennan MT, Lockhart PB, van Diermen DE
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2013 Apr;115(4):491-9. Epub 2013 Jan 16 doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2012.11.001. PMID: 23332510

Diagnosis

Kendel NE, Stanek JR, Thomas BB, Ardoin SP, O'Brien SH
Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2023 Aug;75(8):1788-1794. Epub 2023 Feb 18 doi: 10.1002/acr.25074. PMID: 36530037
Eduardo FP, Bezinelli LM, Gobbi MF, Bergamin LG, de Carvalho DLC, Corrêa L
Spec Care Dentist 2022 Sep;42(5):494-502. Epub 2022 Mar 3 doi: 10.1111/scd.12705. PMID: 35239209Free PMC Article
Hoffman H, Jalal MS, Masoud HE, Gould GC
Neuroradiol J 2022 Jun;35(3):329-336. Epub 2021 Sep 3 doi: 10.1177/19714009211042893. PMID: 34477042Free PMC Article
Mettias B, Charlton A, Ashokkumar S
J Laryngol Otol 2021 Oct;135(10):869-873. Epub 2021 Aug 5 doi: 10.1017/S0022215121002061. PMID: 34348805
Baumer TE
BMJ Case Rep 2014 Apr 29;2014 doi: 10.1136/bcr-2014-204059. PMID: 24781847Free PMC Article

Therapy

Eduardo FP, Bezinelli LM, Gobbi MF, Bergamin LG, de Carvalho DLC, Corrêa L
Spec Care Dentist 2022 Sep;42(5):494-502. Epub 2022 Mar 3 doi: 10.1111/scd.12705. PMID: 35239209Free PMC Article
Ockerman A, Miclotte I, Vanhaverbeke M, Vanassche T, Belmans A, Vanhove J, Meyns J, Nadjmi N, Van Hemelen G, Winderickx P, Jacobs R, Politis C, Verhamme P
PLoS Med 2021 May;18(5):e1003601. Epub 2021 May 3 doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003601. PMID: 33939696Free PMC Article
Engelen ET, Schutgens RE, Mauser-Bunschoten EP, van Es RJ, van Galen KP
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Jul 2;7(7):CD012293. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012293.pub2. PMID: 29963686Free PMC Article
van Galen KP, Engelen ET, Mauser-Bunschoten EP, van Es RJ, Schutgens RE
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015 Dec 24;(12):CD011385. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011385.pub2. PMID: 26704192
Napeñas JJ, Oost FC, DeGroot A, Loven B, Hong CH, Brennan MT, Lockhart PB, van Diermen DE
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2013 Apr;115(4):491-9. Epub 2013 Jan 16 doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2012.11.001. PMID: 23332510

Prognosis

Mettias B, Charlton A, Ashokkumar S
J Laryngol Otol 2021 Oct;135(10):869-873. Epub 2021 Aug 5 doi: 10.1017/S0022215121002061. PMID: 34348805
Ueda S, Ishii K, Fujii H, Mizutani K, Komaki K, Nagao T
Spec Care Dentist 2020 Jan;40(1):134-141. Epub 2019 Dec 2 doi: 10.1111/scd.12440. PMID: 31793024
Napeñas JJ, Hong CH, Kempter E, Brennan MT, Furney SL, Lockhart PB
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2011 Oct;112(4):463-7. Epub 2011 Aug 6 doi: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.04.033. PMID: 21821439
Perez D, Leibold D, Liddell A, Duraini M
Tex Dent J 2010 Oct;127(10):1045-57. PMID: 21180013
Lockhart PB, Gibson J, Pond SH, Leitch J
Br Dent J 2003 Nov 8;195(9):495-501. doi: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4810660. PMID: 14610534

Clinical prediction guides

Kendel NE, Stanek JR, Thomas BB, Ardoin SP, O'Brien SH
Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2023 Aug;75(8):1788-1794. Epub 2023 Feb 18 doi: 10.1002/acr.25074. PMID: 36530037
Ockerman A, Miclotte I, Vanhaverbeke M, Vanassche T, Belmans A, Vanhove J, Meyns J, Nadjmi N, Van Hemelen G, Winderickx P, Jacobs R, Politis C, Verhamme P
PLoS Med 2021 May;18(5):e1003601. Epub 2021 May 3 doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003601. PMID: 33939696Free PMC Article
Ueda S, Ishii K, Fujii H, Mizutani K, Komaki K, Nagao T
Spec Care Dentist 2020 Jan;40(1):134-141. Epub 2019 Dec 2 doi: 10.1111/scd.12440. PMID: 31793024
Weickert L, Krekeler S, Nickles K, Eickholz P, Seifried E, Miesbach W
Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2017 Jan;28(1):19-23. doi: 10.1097/MBC.0000000000000526. PMID: 27177144
Salem K, Eshghi P
Haemophilia 2013 Jan;19(1):65-70. Epub 2012 Sep 13 doi: 10.1111/hae.12002. PMID: 22970656

Recent systematic reviews

Santosa D, Rizky D, Tandarto K, Kartiyani I, Yunarvika V, Ardini DNE, Setiawan B, Pangarsa EA, Suharti C
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023 Dec 1;24(12):4025-4033. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2023.24.12.4025. PMID: 38156834Free PMC Article
de Oliveira Rech B, Rocha Tenório J, Bertoldi Franco J, Medina JB, Gallottini M, Pérez-Sayáns M, Ortega KL
J Am Dent Assoc 2021 Jan;152(1):46-54.e2. Epub 2020 Nov 26 doi: 10.1016/j.adaj.2020.09.018. PMID: 33250169
van Galen KP, Engelen ET, Mauser-Bunschoten EP, van Es RJ, Schutgens RE
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019 Apr 19;4(4):CD011385. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011385.pub3. PMID: 31002742Free PMC Article
Engelen ET, Schutgens RE, Mauser-Bunschoten EP, van Es RJ, van Galen KP
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Jul 2;7(7):CD012293. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012293.pub2. PMID: 29963686Free PMC Article
van Galen KP, Engelen ET, Mauser-Bunschoten EP, van Es RJ, Schutgens RE
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015 Dec 24;(12):CD011385. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011385.pub2. PMID: 26704192

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