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Cholesterol granuloma

MedGen UID:
137683
•Concept ID:
C0333411
•
Pathologic Function
Synonyms: Cholesterinic granuloma; Cholesterol Granuloma; Pseudocholesteatoma
SNOMED CT: Cholesterol granuloma (40487009); Pseudocholesteatoma (40487009); Cholesterinic granuloma (40487009)

Definition

A cystic inflammatory lesion that is comprised of fluids, lipids, and cholesterol crystals, and which is surrounded by a fibrous lining. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVCholesterol granuloma

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Intractable otitis media - Pathogenesis and treatment of Eosinophilic otitis media (EOM) and otitis media with Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) -associated vasculitis (OMAAV).
Yoshida N
Auris Nasus Larynx 2023 Apr;50(2):171-179. Epub 2022 Aug 5 doi: 10.1016/j.anl.2022.07.005. PMID: 35934599
Lesions involving the jugular foramen: clinical characteristics and surgical management.
Li W, Dai C
Acta Otolaryngol 2015 Jun;135(6):565-71. Epub 2015 Feb 26 doi: 10.3109/00016489.2014.1003094. PMID: 25719346
Orbitofrontal cholesterol granuloma: distinct diagnostic features and management.
Arat YO, Chaudhry IA, Boniuk M
Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2003 Sep;19(5):382-7. doi: 10.1097/01.IOP.0000083644.62765.70. PMID: 14506423

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Multiple cholesterol granulomas of the breast: A case report and review of the literature.
Jin M, Wu Q, Miao B, Jin J, Gao C, Xu X, Luo Y, Chen Z
Medicine (Baltimore) 2023 Feb 22;102(8):e33084. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000033084. PMID: 36827045
Tumors of the temporal bone.
Chovanec M, Fík Z
Cas Lek Cesk 2019 Winter;158(6):248-252. PMID: 31931585
Tympanomastoid cholesterol granulomas: Immunohistochemical evaluation of angiogenesis.
Iannella G, Di Gioia C, Carletti R, Magliulo G
Laryngoscope 2017 Aug;127(8):E283-E290. Epub 2017 Feb 3 doi: 10.1002/lary.26458. PMID: 28158903
Tympanomastoid cholesterol granuloma: radiological and intraoperative findings of blood source connection.
Iannella G, Stasolla A, Pasquariello B, Re M, Magliulo G
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2016 Sep;273(9):2395-401. Epub 2015 Oct 31 doi: 10.1007/s00405-015-3820-5. PMID: 26521188
Cholesterol granuloma of the petrous apex.
Gore MR, Zanation AM, Ebert CS, Senior BA
Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2011 Oct;44(5):1043-58. Epub 2011 Jun 29 doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2011.06.005. PMID: 21978895

Diagnosis

Tumors of the temporal bone.
Chovanec M, Fík Z
Cas Lek Cesk 2019 Winter;158(6):248-252. PMID: 31931585
Cholesterol granuloma and other petrous apex lesions.
Isaacson B
Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2015 Apr;48(2):361-73. Epub 2015 Jan 31 doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2014.12.009. PMID: 25650229
Petrous apex cholesterol granuloma: pictorial review of radiological considerations in diagnosis and surgical histopathology.
Hoa M, House JW, Linthicum FH, Go JL
J Laryngol Otol 2013 Apr;127(4):339-48. Epub 2013 Feb 26 doi: 10.1017/S0022215113000091. PMID: 23442366Free PMC Article
Cholesterol granuloma.
Ursick JA, Brackmann DE
Ear Nose Throat J 2012 Oct;91(10):E31. PMID: 23076861
Orbitofrontal cholesterol granuloma.
McNab AA, Wright JE
Ophthalmology 1990 Jan;97(1):28-32. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(90)32632-5. PMID: 2314838

Therapy

Cholesterol granuloma of the maxillary sinus in association with a dental implant-A case report.
Vikram V, Raja S, Ramanathan M
Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2023 Feb;25(1):190-194. Epub 2022 Oct 18 doi: 10.1111/cid.13148. PMID: 36254718
Intractable otitis media - Pathogenesis and treatment of Eosinophilic otitis media (EOM) and otitis media with Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) -associated vasculitis (OMAAV).
Yoshida N
Auris Nasus Larynx 2023 Apr;50(2):171-179. Epub 2022 Aug 5 doi: 10.1016/j.anl.2022.07.005. PMID: 35934599
Surgical morbidity of the extradural anterior petrosal approach: the Lariboisière experience.
Giammattei L, Passeri T, Abbritti R, Lieber S, Matano F, Le Van T, Okano A, Fava A, di Russo P, Froelich S
J Neurosurg 2023 Jan 1;138(1):276-286. Epub 2022 May 13 doi: 10.3171/2022.3.JNS212962. PMID: 35561692
Increasing Size of Cholesterol Granuloma of the Breast in the Vicinity of a Previous Breast Biopsy: Imaging Features and Review of the Literature.
Kim SJ
Am J Case Rep 2019 Mar 21;20:370-376. doi: 10.12659/AJCR.914282. PMID: 30894505Free PMC Article
Cholesterol granuloma: a case series & review of literature.
Shrirao N, Mukherjee B, Krishnakumar S, Biswas J
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2016 Jan;254(1):185-8. Epub 2015 Oct 6 doi: 10.1007/s00417-015-3178-9. PMID: 26440523

Prognosis

Tympanomastoid cholesterol Granulomas presenting as a Blue Eardrum in children.
Lou Z
BMC Surg 2023 Jun 13;23(1):159. doi: 10.1186/s12893-023-02069-5. PMID: 37312115Free PMC Article
Intractable otitis media - Pathogenesis and treatment of Eosinophilic otitis media (EOM) and otitis media with Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) -associated vasculitis (OMAAV).
Yoshida N
Auris Nasus Larynx 2023 Apr;50(2):171-179. Epub 2022 Aug 5 doi: 10.1016/j.anl.2022.07.005. PMID: 35934599
Surgical morbidity of the extradural anterior petrosal approach: the Lariboisière experience.
Giammattei L, Passeri T, Abbritti R, Lieber S, Matano F, Le Van T, Okano A, Fava A, di Russo P, Froelich S
J Neurosurg 2023 Jan 1;138(1):276-286. Epub 2022 May 13 doi: 10.3171/2022.3.JNS212962. PMID: 35561692
Cholesterol Granuloma of the Liver Mimicking Malignant Tumor: A Case Report.
Ishikawa Y, Fujio A, Tokodai K, Kashiwadate T, Miyazawa K, Sasaki K, Matsumura M, Saitoh Y, Tsuruoka M, Inoue J, Miyagi S, Fujishima F, Unno M, Kamei T
Tohoku J Exp Med 2022 Mar;256(3):235-240. doi: 10.1620/tjem.256.235. PMID: 35321967
Petrous apex cholesterol granuloma: maintenance of drainage pathway, the histopathology of surgical management and histopathologic evidence for the exposed marrow theory.
Hoa M, House JW, Linthicum FH Jr
Otol Neurotol 2012 Aug;33(6):1059-65. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0b013e31825d63ea. PMID: 22710556Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Orbitofrontal cholesterol granuloma masquerading as frontal sinus mucoceles: report of two cases.
Li R, Ren M, Wang W, Li R, Zhang L, Liu L
BMC Ophthalmol 2023 Mar 13;23(1):98. doi: 10.1186/s12886-023-02842-3. PMID: 36915085Free PMC Article
Cholesterol Granuloma Development following Temporal Bone Surgery.
Sweeney AD, Osetinsky LM, Hunter JB, Haynes DS, Carlson ML
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016 Jun;154(6):1115-20. Epub 2016 Mar 1 doi: 10.1177/0194599816630954. PMID: 26932968
The Natural History and Management of Petrous Apex Cholesterol Granulomas.
Sweeney AD, Osetinsky LM, Carlson ML, Valenzuela CV, Frisch CD, Netterville JL, Link MJ, Driscoll CL, Haynes DS
Otol Neurotol 2015 Dec;36(10):1714-9. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000000862. PMID: 26427636
Cholesterol granuloma of the orbit.
Yan J, Cai Y, Liu R, Lin J, Li J
J Craniofac Surg 2015 Mar;26(2):e124-6. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000001347. PMID: 25710742
Paranasal sinus cholesterol granuloma: systematic review of diagnostic and management aspects.
Durgam A, Batra PS
Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2013 Mar;3(3):242-7. Epub 2012 Oct 8 doi: 10.1002/alr.21093. PMID: 23044766

Recent systematic reviews

Surgical Approaches to Petrous Apex Cholesterol Granulomas: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.
Noy R, Bassal R, Ostrovsky D, Cohen J, Ishai R, Cohen-Vaizer M, Vaisbuch Y
Laryngoscope 2024 Apr;134(4):1540-1550. Epub 2023 Oct 9 doi: 10.1002/lary.31073. PMID: 37812326
Xanthogranuloma of the sellar region: a systematic review.
Guerrero-Pérez F, Marengo AP, Vilarrasa N, Vidal N, Ruiz-Roig N, Sánchez-Fernández JJ, Torres-Díaz A, Sanmillán JL, Pérez-Maraver M, Villabona C
Hormones (Athens) 2023 Jun;22(2):199-210. Epub 2023 Jan 25 doi: 10.1007/s42000-023-00432-y. PMID: 36695986
Orbitofrontal Cholesterol Granuloma: Four Case Reports and a Systematic Review of the English Literature.
Hughes JD, Jacob JT, Garrity JA, Salomao DR, Link MJ
World Neurosurg 2016 Mar;87:355-61. Epub 2015 Dec 24 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2015.11.095. PMID: 26724630
Surgical outcomes after endoscopic management of cholesterol granulomas of the petrous apex: a systematic review.
Eytan DF, Kshettry VR, Sindwani R, Woodard TD, Recinos PF
Neurosurg Focus 2014;37(4):E14. doi: 10.3171/2014.7.FOCUS14344. PMID: 25270133
Paranasal sinus cholesterol granuloma: systematic review of diagnostic and management aspects.
Durgam A, Batra PS
Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2013 Mar;3(3):242-7. Epub 2012 Oct 8 doi: 10.1002/alr.21093. PMID: 23044766

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