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Apocrine Metaplasia

MedGen UID:
137712
•Concept ID:
C0334036
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonym: Apocrine metaplasia
SNOMED CT: Apocrine metaplasia (81274009)

Definition

A morphologic finding indicating the alteration of the glandular acinar epithelial cells to apocrine sweat gland cells. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVApocrine Metaplasia

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Papillary and sclerosing lesions of the breast detected and biopsied by MRI: Clinical management, upgrade rate, and association with apocrine metaplasia.
Ring NY, diFlorio-Alexander RM, Bond JS, Rosenkranz KM, Cervantes E, Sohn JH, Marotti JD
Breast J 2019 May;25(3):393-400. Epub 2019 Apr 3 doi: 10.1111/tbj.13238. PMID: 30945398
Imaging approaches to diagnosis and management of common ductal abnormalities.
Ferris-James DM, Iuanow E, Mehta TS, Shaheen RM, Slanetz PJ
Radiographics 2012 Jul-Aug;32(4):1009-30. doi: 10.1148/rg.324115150. PMID: 22786991
Short-term and long-term histologic effects of castration and estrogen treatment on breast tissue of 14 male-to-female transsexuals in comparison with two chemically castrated men.
Kanhai RC, Hage JJ, van Diest PJ, Bloemena E, Mulder JW
Am J Surg Pathol 2000 Jan;24(1):74-80. doi: 10.1097/00000478-200001000-00009. PMID: 10632490

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Papillary lesions of the breast.
Kulka J, Madaras L, Floris G, Lax SF
Virchows Arch 2022 Jan;480(1):65-84. Epub 2021 Nov 3 doi: 10.1007/s00428-021-03182-7. PMID: 34734332Free PMC Article
Apocrine Metaplasia Found at MR Biopsy: Is There Something to be Learned?
Gao Y, Dialani V, DeBenedectis C, Johnson N, Brachtel E, Slanetz P
Breast J 2017 Jul;23(4):429-435. Epub 2017 Jan 12 doi: 10.1111/tbj.12755. PMID: 28079289
Cell turnover in apocrine metaplasia and apocrine adenosis of the breast.
Elayat G, Selim AG, Wells CA
Ann Diagn Pathol 2010 Feb;14(1):1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2009.05.001. PMID: 20123450
Apocrine metaplasia of breast cancer: clinicopathological features and predicting response.
Ogiya A, Horii R, Osako T, Ito Y, Iwase T, Eishi Y, Akiyama F
Breast Cancer 2010 Oct;17(4):290-7. Epub 2009 Sep 30 doi: 10.1007/s12282-009-0178-9. PMID: 19789945
Molecular pathology of breast apocrine carcinomas: a protein expression signature specific for benign apocrine metaplasia.
Celis JE, Gromova I, Gromov P, Moreira JM, Cabezón T, Friis E, Rank F
FEBS Lett 2006 May 22;580(12):2935-44. Epub 2006 Apr 12 doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2006.03.080. PMID: 16631754

Diagnosis

Papillary lesions of the breast.
Kulka J, Madaras L, Floris G, Lax SF
Virchows Arch 2022 Jan;480(1):65-84. Epub 2021 Nov 3 doi: 10.1007/s00428-021-03182-7. PMID: 34734332Free PMC Article
Apocrine lesions of the breast.
Quinn CM, D'Arcy C, Wells C
Virchows Arch 2022 Jan;480(1):177-189. Epub 2021 Sep 18 doi: 10.1007/s00428-021-03185-4. PMID: 34537861Free PMC Article
Sclerosing Polycystic Adenoma.
Bishop JA, Thompson LDR
Surg Pathol Clin 2021 Mar;14(1):17-24. doi: 10.1016/j.path.2020.09.004. PMID: 33526220
Breast MRI-detected cystic apocrine metaplasia: imaging features with microvessel analysis and histologic correlation.
diFlorio-Alexander RM, Marotti JD, Bond JS, Schwab MC, Memoli VA, Wells WA, Poplack SP
AJR Am J Roentgenol 2015 Jan;204(1):211-8. doi: 10.2214/AJR.14.12869. PMID: 25539259
Molecular pathology of breast apocrine carcinomas: a protein expression signature specific for benign apocrine metaplasia.
Celis JE, Gromova I, Gromov P, Moreira JM, Cabezón T, Friis E, Rank F
FEBS Lett 2006 May 22;580(12):2935-44. Epub 2006 Apr 12 doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2006.03.080. PMID: 16631754

Therapy

Poor histologic tumor response after adjuvant therapy in basal-like HER2-positive breast carcinoma.
Zhao D, Fu X, Rohr J, Wang Y, Li M, Zhang X, Qin J, Xu M, Li C, Sun G, Wang Z, Guo S
Pathol Res Pract 2021 Dec;228:153677. Epub 2021 Oct 30 doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153677. PMID: 34775151
Uroplakin II Expression in Breast Carcinomas Showing Apocrine Differentiation: Putting Some Emphasis on Invasive Pleomorphic Lobular Carcinoma as a Potential Mimic of Urothelial Carcinoma at Metastatic Sites.
Tajima S, Koda K
Dis Markers 2016;2016:2940496. Epub 2016 May 26 doi: 10.1155/2016/2940496. PMID: 27642214Free PMC Article
Apocrine cystic metaplasia: subgross pathology and prevalence in cancer-associated versus random autopsy breasts.
Wellings SR, Alpers CE
Hum Pathol 1987 Apr;18(4):381-6. doi: 10.1016/s0046-8177(87)80169-7. PMID: 3557440
Uneven distribution and significant concentration of apocrine metaplasia in lower breast quadrants.
Benigni G, Squartini F
Tumori 1986 Apr 30;72(2):179-82. doi: 10.1177/030089168607200210. PMID: 3705191
Fibrocystic disease of the breast.
Greenblatt RB, Samaras C, Vasquez JM, Nezhat C
Clin Obstet Gynecol 1982 Jun;25(2):365-71. doi: 10.1097/00003081-198206000-00019. PMID: 7105513

Prognosis

Distinct Uroplakin II Staining Pattern in Apocrine Breast Carcinoma.
van Pel DM, Pors J, Yuen E, Chan R, Kos Z, Hayes MM, Wang G
Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2022 Nov-Dec 01;30(10):681-686. Epub 2022 Oct 14 doi: 10.1097/PAI.0000000000001072. PMID: 36227121
Sclerosing Polycystic Adenoma.
Bishop JA, Thompson LDR
Surg Pathol Clin 2021 Mar;14(1):17-24. doi: 10.1016/j.path.2020.09.004. PMID: 33526220
Papillary and sclerosing lesions of the breast detected and biopsied by MRI: Clinical management, upgrade rate, and association with apocrine metaplasia.
Ring NY, diFlorio-Alexander RM, Bond JS, Rosenkranz KM, Cervantes E, Sohn JH, Marotti JD
Breast J 2019 May;25(3):393-400. Epub 2019 Apr 3 doi: 10.1111/tbj.13238. PMID: 30945398
Apocrine metaplasia of breast cancer: clinicopathological features and predicting response.
Ogiya A, Horii R, Osako T, Ito Y, Iwase T, Eishi Y, Akiyama F
Breast Cancer 2010 Oct;17(4):290-7. Epub 2009 Sep 30 doi: 10.1007/s12282-009-0178-9. PMID: 19789945
Apocrine metaplasia: mammographic and sonographic appearances.
Warner JK, Kumar D, Berg WA
AJR Am J Roentgenol 1998 May;170(5):1375-9. doi: 10.2214/ajr.170.5.9574619. PMID: 9574619

Clinical prediction guides

AMACR Expression is a Potential Diagnostic Marker in Apocrine Lesions of Breast, and is Associated with High Histologic Grade and Lymph Node Metastases in Some Invasive Apocrine Breast Cancers.
Lerner G, Tang H, Singh K, Golestani R, St Claire S, Humphrey PA, Lannin D, Janostiak R, Harigopal M
Clin Breast Cancer 2023 Feb;23(2):199-210. Epub 2022 Dec 5 doi: 10.1016/j.clbc.2022.11.012. PMID: 36577560
Papillary lesions of the breast.
Kulka J, Madaras L, Floris G, Lax SF
Virchows Arch 2022 Jan;480(1):65-84. Epub 2021 Nov 3 doi: 10.1007/s00428-021-03182-7. PMID: 34734332Free PMC Article
α-Methylacyl-CoA racemase: a useful immunohistochemical marker of breast carcinoma with apocrine differentiation.
Nakamura H, Kukita Y, Kunimasa K, Kittaka N, Kusama H, Nakayama T, Tamaki Y, Sugiura R, Yasuda H, Hashimoto M, Yamamoto T, Imamura F, Nakatsuka SI
Hum Pathol 2021 Oct;116:39-48. Epub 2021 Jul 24 doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2021.07.005. PMID: 34314764
Apocrine metaplasia of breast cancer: clinicopathological features and predicting response.
Ogiya A, Horii R, Osako T, Ito Y, Iwase T, Eishi Y, Akiyama F
Breast Cancer 2010 Oct;17(4):290-7. Epub 2009 Sep 30 doi: 10.1007/s12282-009-0178-9. PMID: 19789945
Apocrine cystic metaplasia: subgross pathology and prevalence in cancer-associated versus random autopsy breasts.
Wellings SR, Alpers CE
Hum Pathol 1987 Apr;18(4):381-6. doi: 10.1016/s0046-8177(87)80169-7. PMID: 3557440

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