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Atypical Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

MedGen UID:
1385129
•Concept ID:
C4329365
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Atypical PitNET/Adenoma; Atypical Pituitary Gland Adenoma; Atypical Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor/Adenoma

Definition

A usually aggressive and invasive pituitary neuroendocrine tumor characterized by excessive p53 immunoreactivity, increased mitotic activity, and MIB-1 proliferative index greater than 3%. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVAtypical Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Hyperprolactinemia/Prolactinomas in the Postmenopausal Period: Challenges in Diagnosis and Management.
Pekić S, Medic Stojanoska M, Popovic V
Neuroendocrinology 2019;109(1):28-33. Epub 2018 Oct 22 doi: 10.1159/000494725. PMID: 30347396
Treatment of pituitary carcinomas and atypical pituitary adenomas: a review.
Hirohata T, Ishii Y, Matsuno A
Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2014;54(12):966-73. Epub 2014 Nov 29 doi: 10.2176/nmc.ra.2014-0178. PMID: 25446382Free PMC Article
Management of aggressive pituitary adenomas and pituitary carcinomas.
Heaney A
J Neurooncol 2014 May;117(3):459-68. Epub 2014 Mar 2 doi: 10.1007/s11060-014-1413-6. PMID: 24584748

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

A standardised diagnostic approach to pituitary neuroendocrine tumours (PitNETs): a European Pituitary Pathology Group (EPPG) proposal.
Villa C, Vasiljevic A, Jaffrain-Rea ML, Ansorge O, Asioli S, Barresi V, Chinezu L, Gardiman MP, Lania A, Lapshina AM, Poliani L, Reiniger L, Righi A, Saeger W, Soukup J, Theodoropoulou M, Uccella S, Trouillas J, Roncaroli F
Virchows Arch 2019 Dec;475(6):687-692. Epub 2019 Oct 2 doi: 10.1007/s00428-019-02655-0. PMID: 31578606
Two types of ectopic Cushing syndrome or a continuum? Review.
Araujo Castro M, Marazuela Azpiroz M
Pituitary 2018 Oct;21(5):535-544. doi: 10.1007/s11102-018-0894-2. PMID: 29766359
Overview of the 2017 WHO Classification of Pituitary Tumors.
Mete O, Lopes MB
Endocr Pathol 2017 Sep;28(3):228-243. doi: 10.1007/s12022-017-9498-z. PMID: 28766057
Invasive, atypical and aggressive pituitary adenomas and carcinomas.
Sav A, Rotondo F, Syro LV, Di Ieva A, Cusimano MD, Kovacs K
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2015 Mar;44(1):99-104. Epub 2014 Nov 4 doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2014.10.008. PMID: 25732646
Aggressive pituitary tumors.
Chatzellis E, Alexandraki KI, Androulakis II, Kaltsas G
Neuroendocrinology 2015;101(2):87-104. Epub 2015 Jan 5 doi: 10.1159/000371806. PMID: 25571935

Diagnosis

Invasive, atypical and aggressive pituitary adenomas and carcinomas.
Sav A, Rotondo F, Syro LV, Di Ieva A, Cusimano MD, Kovacs K
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2015 Mar;44(1):99-104. Epub 2014 Nov 4 doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2014.10.008. PMID: 25732646
Aggressive pituitary tumors.
Chatzellis E, Alexandraki KI, Androulakis II, Kaltsas G
Neuroendocrinology 2015;101(2):87-104. Epub 2015 Jan 5 doi: 10.1159/000371806. PMID: 25571935
Aggressive pituitary adenomas--diagnosis and emerging treatments.
Di Ieva A, Rotondo F, Syro LV, Cusimano MD, Kovacs K
Nat Rev Endocrinol 2014 Jul;10(7):423-35. Epub 2014 May 13 doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2014.64. PMID: 24821329
Management of aggressive pituitary adenomas and pituitary carcinomas.
Heaney A
J Neurooncol 2014 May;117(3):459-68. Epub 2014 Mar 2 doi: 10.1007/s11060-014-1413-6. PMID: 24584748
Medication-induced hyperprolactinemia.
Molitch ME
Mayo Clin Proc 2005 Aug;80(8):1050-7. doi: 10.4065/80.8.1050. PMID: 16092584

Therapy

Embryonal Tumors of the Central Nervous System: An Update.
Blessing MM, Alexandrescu S
Surg Pathol Clin 2020 Jun;13(2):235-247. Epub 2020 Apr 7 doi: 10.1016/j.path.2020.01.003. PMID: 32389264
Aggressive pituitary tumors.
Chatzellis E, Alexandraki KI, Androulakis II, Kaltsas G
Neuroendocrinology 2015;101(2):87-104. Epub 2015 Jan 5 doi: 10.1159/000371806. PMID: 25571935
Treatment of pituitary carcinomas and atypical pituitary adenomas: a review.
Hirohata T, Ishii Y, Matsuno A
Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2014;54(12):966-73. Epub 2014 Nov 29 doi: 10.2176/nmc.ra.2014-0178. PMID: 25446382Free PMC Article
Aggressive pituitary adenomas--diagnosis and emerging treatments.
Di Ieva A, Rotondo F, Syro LV, Cusimano MD, Kovacs K
Nat Rev Endocrinol 2014 Jul;10(7):423-35. Epub 2014 May 13 doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2014.64. PMID: 24821329
Medication-induced hyperprolactinemia.
Molitch ME
Mayo Clin Proc 2005 Aug;80(8):1050-7. doi: 10.4065/80.8.1050. PMID: 16092584

Prognosis

Embryonal Tumors of the Central Nervous System: An Update.
Blessing MM, Alexandrescu S
Surg Pathol Clin 2020 Jun;13(2):235-247. Epub 2020 Apr 7 doi: 10.1016/j.path.2020.01.003. PMID: 32389264
Advances and controversies in the classification and grading of pituitary tumors.
Laws ER Jr, Penn DL, Repetti CS
J Endocrinol Invest 2019 Feb;42(2):129-135. Epub 2018 Jun 1 doi: 10.1007/s40618-018-0901-5. PMID: 29858984
Invasive, atypical and aggressive pituitary adenomas and carcinomas.
Sav A, Rotondo F, Syro LV, Di Ieva A, Cusimano MD, Kovacs K
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2015 Mar;44(1):99-104. Epub 2014 Nov 4 doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2014.10.008. PMID: 25732646
Aggressive pituitary tumors.
Chatzellis E, Alexandraki KI, Androulakis II, Kaltsas G
Neuroendocrinology 2015;101(2):87-104. Epub 2015 Jan 5 doi: 10.1159/000371806. PMID: 25571935
Management of aggressive pituitary adenomas and pituitary carcinomas.
Heaney A
J Neurooncol 2014 May;117(3):459-68. Epub 2014 Mar 2 doi: 10.1007/s11060-014-1413-6. PMID: 24584748

Clinical prediction guides

Pituitary Stalk Thickening: Causes and Consequences. The Children's Memorial Health Institute Experience and Literature Review.
Moszczyńska E, Kunecka K, Baszyńska-Wilk M, Perek-Polnik M, Majak D, Grajkowska W
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022;13:868558. Epub 2022 May 20 doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.868558. PMID: 35669693Free PMC Article
Advances and controversies in the classification and grading of pituitary tumors.
Laws ER Jr, Penn DL, Repetti CS
J Endocrinol Invest 2019 Feb;42(2):129-135. Epub 2018 Jun 1 doi: 10.1007/s40618-018-0901-5. PMID: 29858984
Invasive, atypical and aggressive pituitary adenomas and carcinomas.
Sav A, Rotondo F, Syro LV, Di Ieva A, Cusimano MD, Kovacs K
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2015 Mar;44(1):99-104. Epub 2014 Nov 4 doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2014.10.008. PMID: 25732646
Aggressive pituitary adenomas--diagnosis and emerging treatments.
Di Ieva A, Rotondo F, Syro LV, Cusimano MD, Kovacs K
Nat Rev Endocrinol 2014 Jul;10(7):423-35. Epub 2014 May 13 doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2014.64. PMID: 24821329
Management of aggressive pituitary adenomas and pituitary carcinomas.
Heaney A
J Neurooncol 2014 May;117(3):459-68. Epub 2014 Mar 2 doi: 10.1007/s11060-014-1413-6. PMID: 24584748

Recent systematic reviews

Outcome and prognostic factors for pituitary carcinomas: lessons from a systematic review.
Raymond P, Raverot G, Ilie MD
Endocr Relat Cancer 2023 May 1;30(5) Epub 2023 Mar 31 doi: 10.1530/ERC-22-0338. PMID: 36852675
Robotic Nerve Sheath Tumor Resection With Intraoperative Neuromonitoring: Case Series and Systematic Review.
Curry BP, Alvarez R, Widemann BC, Johnson M, Agarwal PK, Lehky T, Valera V, Chittiboina P
Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2022 Feb 1;22(2):44-50. doi: 10.1227/ONS.0000000000000051. PMID: 35007270Free PMC Article
Spontaneous remission of Cushing's disease: A systematic review.
Popa Ilie IR, Herdean AM, Herdean AI, Georgescu CE
Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2021 Dec;82(6):613-621. Epub 2021 Oct 21 doi: 10.1016/j.ando.2021.10.002. PMID: 34687655
Plurihormonal PIT-1-Positive Pituitary Adenomas: A Systematic Review and Single-Center Series.
Andrews JP, Joshi RS, Pereira MP, Oh T, Haddad AF, Pereira KM, Osorio RC, Donohue KC, Peeran Z, Sudhir S, Jain S, Beniwal A, Chopra AS, Sandhu NS, Tihan T, Blevins L, Aghi MK
World Neurosurg 2021 Jul;151:e185-e191. Epub 2021 Apr 20 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.04.003. PMID: 33862299Free PMC Article
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor with intracranial metastasis: case presentation and systematic review of literature.
Prablek M, Srinivasan VM, Srivatsan A, Holdener S, Oneissi M, Heck KA, Jalali A, Mandel J, Viswanathan A, Patel AJ
BMC Cancer 2019 Nov 15;19(1):1119. doi: 10.1186/s12885-019-6316-7. PMID: 31730471Free PMC Article

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