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Neuropathy

MedGen UID:: 141046
•Concept ID:: C0442874
•: Disease or Syndrome

Synonym:	Neuropathy (nerve damage)
SNOMED CT:	Neuropathy (386033004); Neuropathy (nerve damage) (386033004)

Definition

A disorder affecting the cranial nerves or the peripheral nervous system. It manifests with pain, tingling, numbness, and muscle weakness. It may be the result of physical injury, toxic substances, viral diseases, diabetes, renal failure, cancer, and drugs. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

GTR
MeSH

CClinical test, RResearch test, OOMIM, GGeneReviews, VClinVar

CROGVNeuropathy

Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms
- Pathological process
  - Disease
    - Disorder by Site
      - Disorder of nervous system
        Neuropathy
        Autonomic neuropathy
        Diabetic autonomic neuropathy
        Axonal neuropathy
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2K
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease dominant intermediate C
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease dominant intermediate E
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease dominant intermediate F
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2
        Autosomal dominant charcot-marie-tooth disease type 2 due to DGAT2 mutation
        Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 due to KIF5A mutation
        Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 due to TFG mutation
        Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2K
        Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2M
        Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2W
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2C
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2F
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2H
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2L
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2N
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2O
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2P
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2Q
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2U
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2V
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2Z
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A1
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A2
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2D
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2E
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2I
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2J
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2Y
        Charcot-marie-tooth disease, axonal, type 2DD
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 2A
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth Neuropathy Type 2H/2K
        GARS-Associated Axonal Neuropathy
        Giant axonal neuropathy 2
        MME-related autosomal dominant Charcot Marie Tooth disease type 2
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4A
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4B1
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4B2
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4B3
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4C
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4D
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4E
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4F
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4G
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4H
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4J
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4K
        Dejerine-Sottas disease
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1B
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease X-linked dominant 1
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type I
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1C
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1D
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1E
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1F
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type IA
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth Neuropathy X
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease X-linked recessive 2
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease X-linked recessive 3
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease X-linked recessive 4
        Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease X-linked recessive 5
        Neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, type 1
        Polyneuropathy-hand defect syndrome
        Congenital Neuropathy
        Diabetic neuropathy
        Diabetic foot
        Entrapment neuropathy
        Constrictive median neuropathy
        Entrapment neuropathy of suprascapular nerve
        Entrapment neuropathy of the ulnar nerve at elbow
        Femoral neuropathy
        Giant axonal neuropathy
        Giant axonal neuropathy 1
        Horner syndrome
        Congenital Horner syndrome
        Idiopathic Neuropathy
        Inherited Neuropathy
        Ischemic neuropathy
        Mononeuritis multiplex
        Neuritis
        Brachial neuritis
        Polyneuritis
        Acute infective polyneuritis
        Neuropathy, Recurrent, with Pressure Palsies
        Optic neuropathy
        Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
        Optic neuritis
        Neuromyelitis optica
        Retrobulbar optic neuritis
        Peripheral neuropathy
        Acute episodes of neuropathic symptoms
        Chronic sensorineural polyneuropathy
        Congenital peripheral neuropathy
        Episodic peripheral neuropathy
        Mononeuropathy
        Median neuropathy
        Peroneal neuropathy
        Radial neuropathy
        Sciatic neuropathy
        Tibial neuropathy
        Ulnar neuropathy
        Motor nerve neuritis
        Asymmetric motor neuropathy
        Glossopharyngeal motor neuropathy
        Motor polyneuropathy
        Demyelinating motor neuropathy
        Peripheral axonal neuropathy
        Chronic axonal neuropathy
        Motor axonal neuropathy
        Sensory axonal neuropathy
        Polyneuropathy
        Alcoholic polyneuropathy
        Chronic polyneuropathy
        Demyelinating peripheral neuropathy
        Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy
        Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy
        Paraneoplastic polyneuropathy
        POEMS syndrome
        Polyradiculoneuropathy
        Radiculoneuropathy
        Tangier disease
        Toxic polyneuropathy
        Progressive peripheral neuropathy
        Sensorimotor neuropathy
        Sensorimotor polyneuropathy affecting arms more than legs
        Sensory neuropathy
        Congenital sensory neuropathy with selective loss of small myelinated fibers
        Distal peripheral sensory neuropathy
        Distal sensory impairment of all modalities
        Hereditary insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis
        Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 1
        Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 7
        Sensory ataxic neuropathy
        Peripheral neuropathy due to and following antineoplastic therapy
        Polyneuropathy due to amyloidosis
        Familial amyloid polyneuropathy
        Small fiber neuropathy
        Uremic neuropathy

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Glaucoma in Adults-Screening, Diagnosis, and Management: A Review.

Stein JD, Khawaja AP, Weizer JS
JAMA 2021 Jan 12;325(2):164-174. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.21899. PMID: 33433580

Peripheral Neuropathy: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis.

Castelli G, Desai KM, Cantone RE
Am Fam Physician 2020 Dec 15;102(12):732-739. PMID: 33320513

Clinical practice guidelines on the evidence-based use of integrative therapies during and after breast cancer treatment.

Greenlee H, DuPont-Reyes MJ, Balneaves LG, Carlson LE, Cohen MR, Deng G, Johnson JA, Mumber M, Seely D, Zick SM, Boyce LM, Tripathy D
CA Cancer J Clin 2017 May 6;67(3):194-232. Epub 2017 Apr 24 doi: 10.3322/caac.21397. PMID: 28436999 Free PMC Article

See all (3413)

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Clinical diagnosis and management of small fiber neuropathy: an update on best practice.

Devigili G, Cazzato D, Lauria G
Expert Rev Neurother 2020 Sep;20(9):967-980. Epub 2020 Jul 23 doi: 10.1080/14737175.2020.1794825. PMID: 32654574

A Clinician's Approach to Peripheral Neuropathy.

Siao P, Kaku M
Semin Neurol 2019 Oct;39(5):519-530. Epub 2019 Oct 22 doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1694747. PMID: 31639835

Ischemic Optic Neuropathy.

Morrow MJ
Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2019 Oct;25(5):1215-1235. doi: 10.1212/CON.0000000000000767. PMID: 31584535

Diabetic neuropathy.

Feldman EL, Callaghan BC, Pop-Busui R, Zochodne DW, Wright DE, Bennett DL, Bril V, Russell JW, Viswanathan V
Nat Rev Dis Primers 2019 Jun 13;5(1):42. doi: 10.1038/s41572-019-0097-9. PMID: 31197183 Free PMC Article

Diabetic neuropathies.

Russell JW, Zilliox LA
Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2014 Oct;20(5 Peripheral Nervous System Disorders):1226-40. doi: 10.1212/01.CON.0000455884.29545.d2. PMID: 25299279 Free PMC Article

See all (23956)

Diagnosis

Blood biomarkers of peripheral neuropathy.

Rossor AM, Reilly MM
Acta Neurol Scand 2022 Oct;146(4):325-331. Epub 2022 May 25 doi: 10.1111/ane.13650. PMID: 35611606 Free PMC Article

Ischemic Optic Neuropathy.

Morrow MJ
Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2019 Oct;25(5):1215-1235. doi: 10.1212/CON.0000000000000767. PMID: 31584535

Diabetic neuropathy.

Peripheral Neuropathy.

Barrell K, Smith AG
Med Clin North Am 2019 Mar;103(2):383-397. Epub 2018 Dec 17 doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2018.10.006. PMID: 30704689

Peripheral Neuropathy: A Practical Approach to Diagnosis and Symptom Management.

Watson JC, Dyck PJ
Mayo Clin Proc 2015 Jul;90(7):940-51. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.05.004. PMID: 26141332

See all (24206)

Therapy

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: where are we now?

Colvin LA
Pain 2019 May;160 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S1-S10. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001540. PMID: 31008843 Free PMC Article

Benefits and harms of pregabalin in the management of neuropathic pain: a rapid review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials.

Onakpoya IJ, Thomas ET, Lee JJ, Goldacre B, Heneghan CJ
BMJ Open 2019 Jan 21;9(1):e023600. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023600. PMID: 30670513 Free PMC Article

Conservative treatment in patients with mild to moderate carpal tunnel syndrome: A systematic review.

Jiménez Del Barrio S, Bueno Gracia E, Hidalgo García C, Estébanez de Miguel E, Tricás Moreno JM, Rodríguez Marco S, Ceballos Laita L
Neurologia (Engl Ed) 2018 Nov-Dec;33(9):590-601. Epub 2016 Jul 22 doi: 10.1016/j.nrl.2016.05.018. PMID: 27461181

Acupuncture for the Treatment of Peripheral Neuropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Dimitrova A, Murchison C, Oken B
J Altern Complement Med 2017 Mar;23(3):164-179. Epub 2017 Jan 23 doi: 10.1089/acm.2016.0155. PMID: 28112552 Free PMC Article

Clinical trials of N-acetylcysteine in psychiatry and neurology: A systematic review.

Deepmala, Slattery J, Kumar N, Delhey L, Berk M, Dean O, Spielholz C, Frye R
Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015 Aug;55:294-321. Epub 2015 May 6 doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.04.015. PMID: 25957927

See all (20281)

Prognosis

Small Fiber Neuropathy Incidence, Prevalence, Longitudinal Impairments, and Disability.

Johnson SA, Shouman K, Shelly S, Sandroni P, Berini SE, Dyck PJB, Hoffman EM, Mandrekar J, Niu Z, Lamb CJ, Low PA, Singer W, Mauermann ML, Mills J, Dubey D, Staff NP, Klein CJ
Neurology 2021 Nov 30;97(22):e2236-e2247. Epub 2021 Oct 27 doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012894. PMID: 34706972 Free PMC Article

Epidemiology and Treatment of Peripheral Neuropathy in Systemic Sclerosis.

AlMehmadi BA, To FZ, Anderson MA, Johnson SR
J Rheumatol 2021 Dec;48(12):1839-1849. Epub 2021 Jul 1 doi: 10.3899/jrheum.201299. PMID: 34210833

Peripheral neuropathies.

Hanewinckel R, Ikram MA, Van Doorn PA
Handb Clin Neurol 2016;138:263-82. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-802973-2.00015-X. PMID: 27637963

Clinical review: intensive care unit acquired weakness.

Hermans G, Van den Berghe G
Crit Care 2015 Aug 5;19(1):274. doi: 10.1186/s13054-015-0993-7. PMID: 26242743 Free PMC Article

Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Hughes RA, Cornblath DR
Lancet 2005 Nov 5;366(9497):1653-66. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67665-9. PMID: 16271648

See all (12397)

Clinical prediction guides

The diabetic foot: Pathophysiology, evaluation, and treatment.

Bandyk DF
Semin Vasc Surg 2018 Jun-Dec;31(2-4):43-48. Epub 2019 Feb 6 doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2019.02.001. PMID: 30876640

Diabetic foot management: multidisciplinary approach for advanced lesion rescue.

Brocco E, Ninkovic S, Marin M, Whisstock C, Bruseghin M, Boschetti G, Viti R, Forlini W, Volpe A
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 2018 Oct;59(5):670-684. Epub 2018 May 29 doi: 10.23736/S0021-9509.18.10606-9. PMID: 29808982

Vitamin B12 and Homocysteine Levels Predict Different Outcomes in Early Parkinson's Disease.

Christine CW, Auinger P, Joslin A, Yelpaala Y, Green R; Parkinson Study Group-DATATOP Investigators
Mov Disord 2018 May;33(5):762-770. Epub 2018 Mar 6 doi: 10.1002/mds.27301. PMID: 29508904

Incidence, prevalence, and predictors of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Seretny M, Currie GL, Sena ES, Ramnarine S, Grant R, MacLeod MR, Colvin LA, Fallon M
Pain 2014 Dec;155(12):2461-2470. Epub 2014 Sep 23 doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2014.09.020. PMID: 25261162

Reliability and validity of the Medical Research Council (MRC) scale and a modified scale for testing muscle strength in patients with radial palsy.

Paternostro-Sluga T, Grim-Stieger M, Posch M, Schuhfried O, Vacariu G, Mittermaier C, Bittner C, Fialka-Moser V
J Rehabil Med 2008 Aug;40(8):665-71. doi: 10.2340/16501977-0235. PMID: 19020701

See all (14875)

Recent systematic reviews

Primary Sjögren syndrome-related peripheral neuropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Liampas A, Parperis K, Erotocritou MF, Nteveros A, Papadopoulou M, Moschovos C, Akil M, Coaccioli S, Hadjigeorgiou GM, Hadjivassiliou M, Zis P
Eur J Neurol 2023 Jan;30(1):255-265. Epub 2022 Sep 23 doi: 10.1111/ene.15555. PMID: 36086910 Free PMC Article

Exercise and Neuropathy: Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

Streckmann F, Balke M, Cavaletti G, Toscanelli A, Bloch W, Décard BF, Lehmann HC, Faude O
Sports Med 2022 May;52(5):1043-1065. Epub 2021 Dec 29 doi: 10.1007/s40279-021-01596-6. PMID: 34964950

Association between neuropathy and B-vitamins: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Stein J, Geisel J, Obeid R
Eur J Neurol 2021 Jun;28(6):2054-2064. Epub 2021 Mar 15 doi: 10.1111/ene.14786. PMID: 33619867

Acupuncture for the Treatment of Peripheral Neuropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Dimitrova A, Murchison C, Oken B
J Altern Complement Med 2017 Mar;23(3):164-179. Epub 2017 Jan 23 doi: 10.1089/acm.2016.0155. PMID: 28112552 Free PMC Article

Incidence, prevalence, and predictors of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Seretny M, Currie GL, Sena ES, Ramnarine S, Grant R, MacLeod MR, Colvin LA, Fallon M
Pain 2014 Dec;155(12):2461-2470. Epub 2014 Sep 23 doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2014.09.020. PMID: 25261162

See all (1007)

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