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Vestibular neuronitis

MedGen UID:
155655
•Concept ID:
C0751908
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Epidemic Neurolabyrinthitides; Epidemic Neurolabyrinthitis; Inflammation, Vestibular Nerve; Inflammations, Vestibular Nerve; Nerve Inflammation, Vestibular; Nerve Inflammations, Vestibular; Nerve Neuritides, Vestibular; Nerve Neuritis, Vestibular; Neuritides, Vestibular; Neuritides, Vestibular Nerve; Neuritis, Vestibular; Neuritis, Vestibular Nerve; Neurolabyrinthitides, Epidemic; Neurolabyrinthitis, Epidemic; Neuronitides, Vestibular; Neuronitis, Vestibular; Vestibular Nerve Inflammation; Vestibular Nerve Inflammations; Vestibular Nerve Neuritides; Vestibular Nerve Neuritis; Vestibular Neuritides; Vestibular Neuritis; Vestibular Neuronitides; Vestibular Neuronitis
SNOMED CT: Vestibular neuritis (186738001); Epidemic neurolabyrinthitis (186738001); Vestibular neuronitis (186738001); Epidemic vertigo (186738001); Acute epidemic vertigo (186738001); Vestibular neuropathy (186738001); Acute vestibular neuronitis (186738001); Paralyzing vertigo (186738001); Endemic paralytic vertigo (186738001)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0006008

Definition

Idiopathic inflammation of the vestibular nerve, characterized clinically by the acute or subacute onset of vertigo; nausea; and imbalance. The cochlear nerve is typically spared and hearing loss and tinnitus do not usually occur. Symptoms usually resolve over a period of days to weeks. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p304) [from MONDO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVVestibular neuronitis

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Acute unilateral vestibulopathy/vestibular neuritis: Diagnostic criteria.
Strupp M, Bisdorff A, Furman J, Hornibrook J, Jahn K, Maire R, Newman-Toker D, Magnusson M
J Vestib Res 2022;32(5):389-406. doi: 10.3233/VES-220201. PMID: 35723133Free PMC Article
Steroids for Acute Vestibular Neuronitis-the Earlier the Treatment, the Better the Outcome?
Sjögren J, Magnusson M, Tjernström F, Karlberg M
Otol Neurotol 2019 Mar;40(3):372-374. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000002106. PMID: 30681432Free PMC Article
Treatment of vertigo.
Swartz R, Longwell P
Am Fam Physician 2005 Mar 15;71(6):1115-22. PMID: 15791890

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Efficacy of Vestibular Rehabilitation Following Acute Vestibular Neuritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Tokle G, Mørkved S, Bråthen G, Goplen FK, Salvesen Ø, Arnesen H, Holmeslet B, Nordahl SHG, Wilhelmsen KT
Otol Neurotol 2020 Jan;41(1):78-85. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000002443. PMID: 31789800
HINTS outperforms ABCD2 to screen for stroke in acute continuous vertigo and dizziness.
Newman-Toker DE, Kerber KA, Hsieh YH, Pula JH, Omron R, Saber Tehrani AS, Mantokoudis G, Hanley DF, Zee DS, Kattah JC
Acad Emerg Med 2013 Oct;20(10):986-96. doi: 10.1111/acem.12223. PMID: 24127701
Inferior vestibular neuritis.
Kim JS, Kim HJ
J Neurol 2012 Aug;259(8):1553-60. Epub 2012 Jan 4 doi: 10.1007/s00415-011-6375-4. PMID: 22215238
Epidemiology of vertigo.
Neuhauser HK
Curr Opin Neurol 2007 Feb;20(1):40-6. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0b013e328013f432. PMID: 17215687
Vestibular neuronitis. An otoneurological evaluation.
Silvoniemi P
Acta Otolaryngol Suppl 1988;453:1-72. doi: 10.3109/00016488809098974. PMID: 3068952

Diagnosis

Neurological update: neuro-otology 2023.
Halmágyi GM, Akdal G, Welgampola MS, Wang C
J Neurol 2023 Dec;270(12):6170-6192. Epub 2023 Aug 17 doi: 10.1007/s00415-023-11922-9. PMID: 37592138Free PMC Article
Acute unilateral vestibulopathy/vestibular neuritis: Diagnostic criteria.
Strupp M, Bisdorff A, Furman J, Hornibrook J, Jahn K, Maire R, Newman-Toker D, Magnusson M
J Vestib Res 2022;32(5):389-406. doi: 10.3233/VES-220201. PMID: 35723133Free PMC Article
Acute Vestibular Syndrome.
Steenerson KK
Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2021 Apr 1;27(2):402-419. doi: 10.1212/CON.0000000000000958. PMID: 34351112
Vestibular Neuritis: Recent Advances in Etiology, Diagnostic Evaluation, and Treatment.
Le TN, Westerberg BD, Lea J
Adv Otorhinolaryngol 2019;82:87-92. Epub 2019 Jan 15 doi: 10.1159/000490275. PMID: 30947184
Dizziness: Approach to Evaluation and Management.
Muncie HL, Sirmans SM, James E
Am Fam Physician 2017 Feb 1;95(3):154-162. PMID: 28145669

Therapy

Fazirsiran for Liver Disease Associated with Alpha(1)-Antitrypsin Deficiency.
Strnad P, Mandorfer M, Choudhury G, Griffiths W, Trautwein C, Loomba R, Schluep T, Chang T, Yi M, Given BD, Hamilton JC, San Martin J, Teckman JH
N Engl J Med 2022 Aug 11;387(6):514-524. Epub 2022 Jun 25 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2205416. PMID: 35748699
Efficacy of Vestibular Rehabilitation Following Acute Vestibular Neuritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Tokle G, Mørkved S, Bråthen G, Goplen FK, Salvesen Ø, Arnesen H, Holmeslet B, Nordahl SHG, Wilhelmsen KT
Otol Neurotol 2020 Jan;41(1):78-85. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000002443. PMID: 31789800
Vestibular Neuritis: Recent Advances in Etiology, Diagnostic Evaluation, and Treatment.
Le TN, Westerberg BD, Lea J
Adv Otorhinolaryngol 2019;82:87-92. Epub 2019 Jan 15 doi: 10.1159/000490275. PMID: 30947184
Medical treatment of vestibular disorders.
Brandt T, Zwergal A, Strupp M
Expert Opin Pharmacother 2009 Jul;10(10):1537-48. doi: 10.1517/14656560902976879. PMID: 19527184
Steroids in otolaryngology.
Cope D, Bova R
Laryngoscope 2008 Sep;118(9):1556-60. doi: 10.1097/MLG.0b013e31817c0b4d. PMID: 18677272

Prognosis

Long-term clinical outcome in vestibular neuritis.
Bronstein AM, Dieterich M
Curr Opin Neurol 2019 Feb;32(1):174-180. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000652. PMID: 30566414
Use of HINTS in the acute vestibular syndrome. An Overview.
Kattah JC
Stroke Vasc Neurol 2018 Dec;3(4):190-196. Epub 2018 Jun 23 doi: 10.1136/svn-2018-000160. PMID: 30637123Free PMC Article
Cerebellar stroke in adults and children.
Sarikaya H, Steinlin M
Handb Clin Neurol 2018;155:301-312. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64189-2.00020-2. PMID: 29891068
Diagnosis and Treatment of Vestibular Neuritis/Neuronitis or Peripheral Vestibulopathy (PVP)? Open Questions and Possible Answers.
Hegemann SCA, Wenzel A
Otol Neurotol 2017 Jun;38(5):626-631. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000001396. PMID: 28346294
Chronic subjective dizziness.
Staab JP
Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2012 Oct;18(5 Neuro-otology):1118-41. doi: 10.1212/01.CON.0000421622.56525.58. PMID: 23042063

Clinical prediction guides

Fazirsiran for Liver Disease Associated with Alpha(1)-Antitrypsin Deficiency.
Strnad P, Mandorfer M, Choudhury G, Griffiths W, Trautwein C, Loomba R, Schluep T, Chang T, Yi M, Given BD, Hamilton JC, San Martin J, Teckman JH
N Engl J Med 2022 Aug 11;387(6):514-524. Epub 2022 Jun 25 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2205416. PMID: 35748699
Acute unilateral vestibulopathy/vestibular neuritis: Diagnostic criteria.
Strupp M, Bisdorff A, Furman J, Hornibrook J, Jahn K, Maire R, Newman-Toker D, Magnusson M
J Vestib Res 2022;32(5):389-406. doi: 10.3233/VES-220201. PMID: 35723133Free PMC Article
Long-term clinical outcome in vestibular neuritis.
Bronstein AM, Dieterich M
Curr Opin Neurol 2019 Feb;32(1):174-180. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000652. PMID: 30566414
Use of HINTS in the acute vestibular syndrome. An Overview.
Kattah JC
Stroke Vasc Neurol 2018 Dec;3(4):190-196. Epub 2018 Jun 23 doi: 10.1136/svn-2018-000160. PMID: 30637123Free PMC Article
Vestibular neuritis.
Jeong SH, Kim HJ, Kim JS
Semin Neurol 2013 Jul;33(3):185-94. Epub 2013 Sep 21 doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1354598. PMID: 24057821

Recent systematic reviews

Association of Vestibular Disorders and Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review.
Li J, Xu X, Deng X, Li S, Guo T, Xie H
Laryngoscope 2024 Dec;134(12):4858-4872. Epub 2024 Jul 17 doi: 10.1002/lary.31646. PMID: 39016124
Vestibular Rehabilitation Therapy and Corticosteroids for Vestibular Neuritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Hidayati HB, Imania HAN, Octaviana DS, Kurniawan RB, Wungu CDK, Rida Ariarini NN, Srisetyaningrum CT, Oceandy D
Medicina (Kaunas) 2022 Sep 5;58(9) doi: 10.3390/medicina58091221. PMID: 36143898Free PMC Article
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Effectiveness of Corticosteroids in Treating Adults With Acute Vestibular Neuritis.
Leong KJ, Lau T, Stewart V, Canetti EFD
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021 Aug;165(2):255-266. Epub 2021 Feb 2 doi: 10.1177/0194599820982910. PMID: 33525978
American Cancer Society Head and Neck Cancer Survivorship Care Guideline.
Cohen EE, LaMonte SJ, Erb NL, Beckman KL, Sadeghi N, Hutcheson KA, Stubblefield MD, Abbott DM, Fisher PS, Stein KD, Lyman GH, Pratt-Chapman ML
CA Cancer J Clin 2016 May;66(3):203-39. Epub 2016 Mar 22 doi: 10.3322/caac.21343. PMID: 27002678
Is vestibular neuritis an immune related vestibular neuropathy inducing vertigo?
Greco A, Macri GF, Gallo A, Fusconi M, De Virgilio A, Pagliuca G, Marinelli C, de Vincentiis M
J Immunol Res 2014;2014:459048. Epub 2014 Jan 15 doi: 10.1155/2014/459048. PMID: 24741601Free PMC Article

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