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KRAS Exon 2 Mutation

MedGen UID:
1616559
•Concept ID:
C4525999
•
Cell or Molecular Dysfunction
Synonyms: c-K-ras Exon 2 Mutation; KRAS-2 Exon 2 Mutation; KRAS2 Exon 2 Mutation; v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog Exon 2 Mutation

Definition

A molecular genetic abnormality indicating the presence of a mutation in exon 2 of the KRAS gene. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

High SLFN11 expression predicts better survival for patients with KRAS exon 2 wild type colorectal cancer after treated with adjuvant oxaliplatin-based treatment.
Deng Y, Cai Y, Huang Y, Yang Z, Bai Y, Liu Y, Deng X, Wang J
BMC Cancer 2015 Nov 2;15:833. doi: 10.1186/s12885-015-1840-6. PMID: 26525741Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Dalotuzumab in chemorefractory KRAS exon 2 mutant colorectal cancer: Results from a randomised phase II/III trial.
Sclafani F, Kim TY, Cunningham D, Kim TW, Tabernero J, Schmoll HJ, Roh JK, Kim SY, Park YS, Guren TK, Hawkes E, Clarke SJ, Ferry D, Frodin JE, Ayers M, Nebozhyn M, Peckitt C, Loboda A, Watkins DJ
Int J Cancer 2017 Jan 15;140(2):431-439. Epub 2016 Oct 17 doi: 10.1002/ijc.30453. PMID: 27681944
Outcome according to KRAS-, NRAS- and BRAF-mutation as well as KRAS mutation variants: pooled analysis of five randomized trials in metastatic colorectal cancer by the AIO colorectal cancer study group.
Modest DP, Ricard I, Heinemann V, Hegewisch-Becker S, Schmiegel W, Porschen R, Stintzing S, Graeven U, Arnold D, von Weikersthal LF, Giessen-Jung C, Stahler A, Schmoll HJ, Jung A, Kirchner T, Tannapfel A, Reinacher-Schick A
Ann Oncol 2016 Sep;27(9):1746-53. Epub 2016 Jun 29 doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdw261. PMID: 27358379Free PMC Article
RAS Mutations Beyond KRAS Exon 2: A Review and Discussion of Clinical Trial Data.
Cannon TL, Kokon MA, Shafqat S, Deeken JF
Curr Treat Options Oncol 2015 Jul;16(7):33. doi: 10.1007/s11864-015-0350-8. PMID: 26050230

Diagnosis

Rapid and Highly Sensitive Detection of Therapeutically Relevant Oncogenic Driver Mutations in EBUS-TBNA Specimens From Patients With Lung Adenocarcinoma.
Oezkan F, Herold T, Darwiche K, Eberhardt WEE, Worm K, Christoph DC, Wiesweg M, Freitag L, Schmid KW, Theegarten D, Hager T, Koenig MJ, He K, Taube C, Schuler M, Breitenbuecher F
Clin Lung Cancer 2018 Nov;19(6):e879-e884. Epub 2018 Aug 22 doi: 10.1016/j.cllc.2018.08.016. PMID: 30206042
Outcome according to KRAS-, NRAS- and BRAF-mutation as well as KRAS mutation variants: pooled analysis of five randomized trials in metastatic colorectal cancer by the AIO colorectal cancer study group.
Modest DP, Ricard I, Heinemann V, Hegewisch-Becker S, Schmiegel W, Porschen R, Stintzing S, Graeven U, Arnold D, von Weikersthal LF, Giessen-Jung C, Stahler A, Schmoll HJ, Jung A, Kirchner T, Tannapfel A, Reinacher-Schick A
Ann Oncol 2016 Sep;27(9):1746-53. Epub 2016 Jun 29 doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdw261. PMID: 27358379Free PMC Article
Validation of targeted next-generation sequencing for RAS mutation detection in FFPE colorectal cancer tissues: comparison with Sanger sequencing and ARMS-Scorpion real-time PCR.
Gao J, Wu H, Wang L, Zhang H, Duan H, Lu J, Liang Z
BMJ Open 2016 Jan 8;6(1):e009532. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009532. PMID: 26747035Free PMC Article
High SLFN11 expression predicts better survival for patients with KRAS exon 2 wild type colorectal cancer after treated with adjuvant oxaliplatin-based treatment.
Deng Y, Cai Y, Huang Y, Yang Z, Bai Y, Liu Y, Deng X, Wang J
BMC Cancer 2015 Nov 2;15:833. doi: 10.1186/s12885-015-1840-6. PMID: 26525741Free PMC Article
KRAS mutant allele-specific imbalance (MASI) assessment in routine samples of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Malapelle U, Sgariglia R, De Stefano A, Bellevicine C, Vigliar E, de Biase D, Sepe R, Pallante P, Carlomagno C, Tallini G, Troncone G
J Clin Pathol 2015 Apr;68(4):265-9. Epub 2015 Jan 21 doi: 10.1136/jclinpath-2014-202761. PMID: 25609577

Therapy

Dalotuzumab in chemorefractory KRAS exon 2 mutant colorectal cancer: Results from a randomised phase II/III trial.
Sclafani F, Kim TY, Cunningham D, Kim TW, Tabernero J, Schmoll HJ, Roh JK, Kim SY, Park YS, Guren TK, Hawkes E, Clarke SJ, Ferry D, Frodin JE, Ayers M, Nebozhyn M, Peckitt C, Loboda A, Watkins DJ
Int J Cancer 2017 Jan 15;140(2):431-439. Epub 2016 Oct 17 doi: 10.1002/ijc.30453. PMID: 27681944
Outcome according to KRAS-, NRAS- and BRAF-mutation as well as KRAS mutation variants: pooled analysis of five randomized trials in metastatic colorectal cancer by the AIO colorectal cancer study group.
Modest DP, Ricard I, Heinemann V, Hegewisch-Becker S, Schmiegel W, Porschen R, Stintzing S, Graeven U, Arnold D, von Weikersthal LF, Giessen-Jung C, Stahler A, Schmoll HJ, Jung A, Kirchner T, Tannapfel A, Reinacher-Schick A
Ann Oncol 2016 Sep;27(9):1746-53. Epub 2016 Jun 29 doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdw261. PMID: 27358379Free PMC Article
RAS Mutations Beyond KRAS Exon 2: A Review and Discussion of Clinical Trial Data.
Cannon TL, Kokon MA, Shafqat S, Deeken JF
Curr Treat Options Oncol 2015 Jul;16(7):33. doi: 10.1007/s11864-015-0350-8. PMID: 26050230
KRAS mutant allele-specific imbalance (MASI) assessment in routine samples of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Malapelle U, Sgariglia R, De Stefano A, Bellevicine C, Vigliar E, de Biase D, Sepe R, Pallante P, Carlomagno C, Tallini G, Troncone G
J Clin Pathol 2015 Apr;68(4):265-9. Epub 2015 Jan 21 doi: 10.1136/jclinpath-2014-202761. PMID: 25609577
KRAS mutation status is not predictive for objective response to anti-EGFR treatment with erlotinib in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.
Boeck S, Jung A, Laubender RP, Neumann J, Egg R, Goritschan C, Ormanns S, Haas M, Modest DP, Kirchner T, Heinemann V
J Gastroenterol 2013 Apr;48(4):544-8. Epub 2013 Feb 23 doi: 10.1007/s00535-013-0767-4. PMID: 23435671

Prognosis

Outcome according to KRAS-, NRAS- and BRAF-mutation as well as KRAS mutation variants: pooled analysis of five randomized trials in metastatic colorectal cancer by the AIO colorectal cancer study group.
Modest DP, Ricard I, Heinemann V, Hegewisch-Becker S, Schmiegel W, Porschen R, Stintzing S, Graeven U, Arnold D, von Weikersthal LF, Giessen-Jung C, Stahler A, Schmoll HJ, Jung A, Kirchner T, Tannapfel A, Reinacher-Schick A
Ann Oncol 2016 Sep;27(9):1746-53. Epub 2016 Jun 29 doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdw261. PMID: 27358379Free PMC Article
High SLFN11 expression predicts better survival for patients with KRAS exon 2 wild type colorectal cancer after treated with adjuvant oxaliplatin-based treatment.
Deng Y, Cai Y, Huang Y, Yang Z, Bai Y, Liu Y, Deng X, Wang J
BMC Cancer 2015 Nov 2;15:833. doi: 10.1186/s12885-015-1840-6. PMID: 26525741Free PMC Article
RAS Mutations Beyond KRAS Exon 2: A Review and Discussion of Clinical Trial Data.
Cannon TL, Kokon MA, Shafqat S, Deeken JF
Curr Treat Options Oncol 2015 Jul;16(7):33. doi: 10.1007/s11864-015-0350-8. PMID: 26050230
KRAS mutant allele-specific imbalance (MASI) assessment in routine samples of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Malapelle U, Sgariglia R, De Stefano A, Bellevicine C, Vigliar E, de Biase D, Sepe R, Pallante P, Carlomagno C, Tallini G, Troncone G
J Clin Pathol 2015 Apr;68(4):265-9. Epub 2015 Jan 21 doi: 10.1136/jclinpath-2014-202761. PMID: 25609577
KRAS mutation status is not predictive for objective response to anti-EGFR treatment with erlotinib in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.
Boeck S, Jung A, Laubender RP, Neumann J, Egg R, Goritschan C, Ormanns S, Haas M, Modest DP, Kirchner T, Heinemann V
J Gastroenterol 2013 Apr;48(4):544-8. Epub 2013 Feb 23 doi: 10.1007/s00535-013-0767-4. PMID: 23435671

Clinical prediction guides

High SLFN11 expression predicts better survival for patients with KRAS exon 2 wild type colorectal cancer after treated with adjuvant oxaliplatin-based treatment.
Deng Y, Cai Y, Huang Y, Yang Z, Bai Y, Liu Y, Deng X, Wang J
BMC Cancer 2015 Nov 2;15:833. doi: 10.1186/s12885-015-1840-6. PMID: 26525741Free PMC Article
Panitumumab Use in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer and Patterns of KRAS Testing: Results from a Europe-Wide Physician Survey and Medical Records Review.
Trojan J, Mineur L, Tomášek J, Rouleau E, Fabian P, de Maglio G, García-Alfonso P, Aprile G, Taylor A, Kafatos G, Downey G, Terwey JH, van Krieken JH
PLoS One 2015;10(10):e0140717. Epub 2015 Oct 22 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140717. PMID: 26491871Free PMC Article
RAS Mutations Beyond KRAS Exon 2: A Review and Discussion of Clinical Trial Data.
Cannon TL, Kokon MA, Shafqat S, Deeken JF
Curr Treat Options Oncol 2015 Jul;16(7):33. doi: 10.1007/s11864-015-0350-8. PMID: 26050230
KRAS mutant allele-specific imbalance (MASI) assessment in routine samples of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Malapelle U, Sgariglia R, De Stefano A, Bellevicine C, Vigliar E, de Biase D, Sepe R, Pallante P, Carlomagno C, Tallini G, Troncone G
J Clin Pathol 2015 Apr;68(4):265-9. Epub 2015 Jan 21 doi: 10.1136/jclinpath-2014-202761. PMID: 25609577
KRAS mutation status is not predictive for objective response to anti-EGFR treatment with erlotinib in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.
Boeck S, Jung A, Laubender RP, Neumann J, Egg R, Goritschan C, Ormanns S, Haas M, Modest DP, Kirchner T, Heinemann V
J Gastroenterol 2013 Apr;48(4):544-8. Epub 2013 Feb 23 doi: 10.1007/s00535-013-0767-4. PMID: 23435671

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