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Neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, cataracts, and renal abnormalities(NEDMCR)

MedGen UID:
1634867
Concept ID:
C4693567
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: NEDMCR; NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER WITH MICROCEPHALY, CATARACTS, AND RENAL ABNORMALITIES
 
Gene (location): GEMIN4 (17p13.3)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0060664
OMIM®: 617913

Clinical features

From HPO
Hydronephrosis
MedGen UID:
42531
Concept ID:
C0020295
Disease or Syndrome
Severe distention of the kidney with dilation of the renal pelvis and calices.
Nephrocalcinosis
MedGen UID:
10222
Concept ID:
C0027709
Disease or Syndrome
Nephrocalcinosis is the deposition of calcium salts in renal parenchyma.
Aminoaciduria
MedGen UID:
116067
Concept ID:
C0238621
Disease or Syndrome
An increased concentration of an amino acid in the urine.
Renal hypoplasia
MedGen UID:
120571
Concept ID:
C0266295
Congenital Abnormality
Hypoplasia of the kidney.
Hypertensive disorder
MedGen UID:
6969
Concept ID:
C0020538
Disease or Syndrome
The presence of chronic increased pressure in the systemic arterial system.
Renal artery stenosis
MedGen UID:
19727
Concept ID:
C0035067
Disease or Syndrome
The presence of stenosis of the renal artery.
Growth delay
MedGen UID:
99124
Concept ID:
C0456070
Pathologic Function
A deficiency or slowing down of growth pre- and postnatally.
Dysphagia
MedGen UID:
41440
Concept ID:
C0011168
Disease or Syndrome
Difficulty in swallowing.
Feeding difficulties
MedGen UID:
65429
Concept ID:
C0232466
Finding
Impaired ability to eat related to problems gathering food and getting ready to suck, chew, or swallow it.
Gastroesophageal reflux
MedGen UID:
1368658
Concept ID:
C4317146
Finding
A condition in which the stomach contents leak backwards from the stomach into the esophagus through the lower esophageal sphincter.
Spasticity
MedGen UID:
7753
Concept ID:
C0026838
Sign or Symptom
A motor disorder characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes with increased muscle tone, exaggerated (hyperexcitable) tendon reflexes.
Seizure
MedGen UID:
20693
Concept ID:
C0036572
Sign or Symptom
A seizure is an intermittent abnormality of nervous system physiology characterized by a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.
Inability to walk
MedGen UID:
107860
Concept ID:
C0560046
Finding
Incapability to ambulate.
Hyporeflexia
MedGen UID:
195967
Concept ID:
C0700078
Finding
Reduction of neurologic reflexes such as the knee-jerk reaction.
Persistent head lag
MedGen UID:
256151
Concept ID:
C1141883
Finding
The Premie-Neuro and the Dubowitz Neurological Examination score head lag in the same manner. Scoring for both is as follows
Severe global developmental delay
MedGen UID:
332436
Concept ID:
C1837397
Finding
A severe delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child.
Absent speech
MedGen UID:
340737
Concept ID:
C1854882
Finding
Complete lack of development of speech and language abilities.
Inferior cerebellar vermis hypoplasia
MedGen UID:
343328
Concept ID:
C1855350
Congenital Abnormality
Underdevelopment of the inferior portion of the vermis of cerebellum.
Delayed CNS myelination
MedGen UID:
867393
Concept ID:
C4021758
Anatomical Abnormality
Delayed myelination in the central nervous system.
Brain atrophy
MedGen UID:
1643639
Concept ID:
C4551584
Disease or Syndrome
Partial or complete wasting (loss) of brain tissue that was once present.
Calcinosis
MedGen UID:
709
Concept ID:
C0006663
Finding
Formation of calcium deposits in any soft tissue.
Congenital hip dislocation
MedGen UID:
9258
Concept ID:
C0019555
Disease or Syndrome
Micrognathia
MedGen UID:
44428
Concept ID:
C0025990
Congenital Abnormality
Developmental hypoplasia of the mandible.
Hypotonia
MedGen UID:
10133
Concept ID:
C0026827
Finding
Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist.
Osteopenia
MedGen UID:
18222
Concept ID:
C0029453
Disease or Syndrome
Osteopenia is a term to define bone density that is not normal but also not as low as osteoporosis. By definition from the World Health Organization osteopenia is defined by bone densitometry as a T score -1 to -2.5.
Epiphyseal dysplasia
MedGen UID:
95932
Concept ID:
C0392476
Congenital Abnormality
Poor head control
MedGen UID:
322809
Concept ID:
C1836038
Finding
Difficulty to maintain correct position of the head while standing or sitting.
Microcephaly
MedGen UID:
1644158
Concept ID:
C4551563
Finding
Head circumference below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender.
Recurrent lower respiratory tract infections
MedGen UID:
756211
Concept ID:
C3163798
Disease or Syndrome
An increased susceptibility to lower respiratory tract infections as manifested by a history of recurrent lower respiratory tract infections.
Splenomegaly
MedGen UID:
52469
Concept ID:
C0038002
Finding
Abnormal increased size of the spleen.
Hypocalcemia
MedGen UID:
5705
Concept ID:
C0020598
Disease or Syndrome
An abnormally decreased calcium concentration in the blood.
Hypokalemia
MedGen UID:
5712
Concept ID:
C0020621
Finding
An abnormally decreased potassium concentration in the blood.
Hyponatremia
MedGen UID:
6984
Concept ID:
C0020625
Finding
An abnormally decreased sodium concentration in the blood.
High palate
MedGen UID:
66814
Concept ID:
C0240635
Congenital Abnormality
Height of the palate more than 2 SD above the mean (objective) or palatal height at the level of the first permanent molar more than twice the height of the teeth (subjective).
Optic atrophy
MedGen UID:
18180
Concept ID:
C0029124
Disease or Syndrome
Atrophy of the optic nerve. Optic atrophy results from the death of the retinal ganglion cell axons that comprise the optic nerve and manifesting as a pale optic nerve on fundoscopy.
Cataract
MedGen UID:
39462
Concept ID:
C0086543
Disease or Syndrome
A cataract is an opacity or clouding that develops in the crystalline lens of the eye or in its capsule.

Recent clinical studies

Diagnosis

Altassan R, Qudair A, Alokaili R, Alhasan K, Faqeih EA, Alhashem A, Alowain M, Alsayed M, Rahbeeni Z, Albadi L, Alkuraya FS, Anderson EN, Rajan D, Pandey UB
Am J Med Genet A 2022 Oct;188(10):2932-2940. Epub 2022 Jul 21 doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62894. PMID: 35861185

Prognosis

Aldhalaan H, AlBakheet A, AlRuways S, AlMutairi N, AlNakiyah M, AlGhofaili R, Cardona-Londoño KJ, Alahmadi KO, AlQudairy H, AlRasheed MM, Colak D, Arold ST, Kaya N
Genes (Basel) 2021 Dec 30;13(1) doi: 10.3390/genes13010092. PMID: 35052432Free PMC Article
Kajii T, Kawai T, Takumi T, Misu H, Mabuchi O, Takahashi Y, Tachino M, Nihei F, Ikeuchi T
Am J Med Genet 1998 Jul 7;78(3):245-9. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19980707)78:3<245::aid-ajmg7>3.0.co;2-o. PMID: 9677059

Clinical prediction guides

Aldhalaan H, AlBakheet A, AlRuways S, AlMutairi N, AlNakiyah M, AlGhofaili R, Cardona-Londoño KJ, Alahmadi KO, AlQudairy H, AlRasheed MM, Colak D, Arold ST, Kaya N
Genes (Basel) 2021 Dec 30;13(1) doi: 10.3390/genes13010092. PMID: 35052432Free PMC Article
Kajii T, Kawai T, Takumi T, Misu H, Mabuchi O, Takahashi Y, Tachino M, Nihei F, Ikeuchi T
Am J Med Genet 1998 Jul 7;78(3):245-9. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19980707)78:3<245::aid-ajmg7>3.0.co;2-o. PMID: 9677059

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