U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction

MedGen UID:
1663569
•Concept ID:
C4721773
•
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Synonyms: Cognitive Complication, Postoperative; Cognitive Decline, Postoperative; Cognitive Dysfunction, Postoperative; Complication, Postoperative Cognitive; Decline, Postoperative Cognitive; Dysfunction, Postoperative Cognitive; Postoperative Cognitive Complication; Postoperative Cognitive Complications; Postoperative Cognitive Decline; Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction
SNOMED CT: POCD - postoperative cognitive dysfunction (771417007); Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (771417007); Cognitive dysfunction following surgical procedure (771417007)

Definition

COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT or functional decline after a surgical procedure. [from MeSH]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVPostoperative cognitive dysfunction

Professional guidelines

PubMed

The Management of Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Cirrhotic Patients: An Overview of the Literature.
Ingustu DG, Pavel B, Paltineanu SI, Mihai DI, Cotorogea-Simion M, Martac C, Florescu MM, Cobilinschi C, Isac S, Droc G
Medicina (Kaunas) 2023 Feb 26;59(3) doi: 10.3390/medicina59030465. PMID: 36984466Free PMC Article
NLRP3 inflammasomes are involved in the progression of postoperative cognitive dysfunction: from mechanism to treatment.
Zhao S, Chen F, Wang D, Han W, Zhang Y, Yin Q
Neurosurg Rev 2021 Aug;44(4):1815-1831. Epub 2020 Sep 12 doi: 10.1007/s10143-020-01387-z. PMID: 32918635
Postoperative delirium: perioperative assessment, risk reduction, and management.
Jin Z, Hu J, Ma D
Br J Anaesth 2020 Oct;125(4):492-504. Epub 2020 Aug 11 doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.06.063. PMID: 32798069

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Postoperative delirium: perioperative assessment, risk reduction, and management.
Jin Z, Hu J, Ma D
Br J Anaesth 2020 Oct;125(4):492-504. Epub 2020 Aug 11 doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.06.063. PMID: 32798069
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction - current preventive strategies.
Kotekar N, Shenkar A, Nagaraj R
Clin Interv Aging 2018;13:2267-2273. Epub 2018 Nov 8 doi: 10.2147/CIA.S133896. PMID: 30519008Free PMC Article
Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Noncardiac Surgery.
Evered LA, Silbert BS
Anesth Analg 2018 Aug;127(2):496-505. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000003514. PMID: 29889707
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction and dementia: what we need to know and do.
Needham MJ, Webb CE, Bryden DC
Br J Anaesth 2017 Dec 1;119(suppl_1):i115-i125. doi: 10.1093/bja/aex354. PMID: 29161395
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction.
Rundshagen I
Dtsch Arztebl Int 2014 Feb 21;111(8):119-25. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2014.0119. PMID: 24622758Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Postoperative delirium and neurocognitive disorders.
Migirov A, Chahar P, Maheshwari K
Curr Opin Crit Care 2021 Dec 1;27(6):686-693. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0000000000000882. PMID: 34545028
The potential mechanism of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in older people.
Lin X, Chen Y, Zhang P, Chen G, Zhou Y, Yu X
Exp Gerontol 2020 Feb;130:110791. Epub 2019 Nov 23 doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110791. PMID: 31765741
Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Noncardiac Surgery.
Evered LA, Silbert BS
Anesth Analg 2018 Aug;127(2):496-505. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000003514. PMID: 29889707
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction and dementia: what we need to know and do.
Needham MJ, Webb CE, Bryden DC
Br J Anaesth 2017 Dec 1;119(suppl_1):i115-i125. doi: 10.1093/bja/aex354. PMID: 29161395
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction.
Rundshagen I
Dtsch Arztebl Int 2014 Feb 21;111(8):119-25. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2014.0119. PMID: 24622758Free PMC Article

Therapy

Neuroinflammation and Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders.
Subramaniyan S, Terrando N
Anesth Analg 2019 Apr;128(4):781-788. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004053. PMID: 30883423Free PMC Article
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction - current preventive strategies.
Kotekar N, Shenkar A, Nagaraj R
Clin Interv Aging 2018;13:2267-2273. Epub 2018 Nov 8 doi: 10.2147/CIA.S133896. PMID: 30519008Free PMC Article
Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Noncardiac Surgery.
Evered LA, Silbert BS
Anesth Analg 2018 Aug;127(2):496-505. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000003514. PMID: 29889707
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction and dementia: what we need to know and do.
Needham MJ, Webb CE, Bryden DC
Br J Anaesth 2017 Dec 1;119(suppl_1):i115-i125. doi: 10.1093/bja/aex354. PMID: 29161395
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction.
Rundshagen I
Dtsch Arztebl Int 2014 Feb 21;111(8):119-25. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2014.0119. PMID: 24622758Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Postoperative neurocognitive disorders.
Tasbihgou SR, Absalom AR
Korean J Anesthesiol 2021 Feb;74(1):15-22. Epub 2020 Jul 6 doi: 10.4097/kja.20294. PMID: 32623846Free PMC Article
Postoperative delirium: perioperative assessment, risk reduction, and management.
Jin Z, Hu J, Ma D
Br J Anaesth 2020 Oct;125(4):492-504. Epub 2020 Aug 11 doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.06.063. PMID: 32798069
Postoperative Delirium and Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction: Overlap and Divergence.
Daiello LA, Racine AM, Yun Gou R, Marcantonio ER, Xie Z, Kunze LJ, Vlassakov KV, Inouye SK, Jones RN, Alsop D, Travison T, Arnold S, Cooper Z, Dickerson B, Fong T, Metzger E, Pascual-Leone A, Schmitt EM, Shafi M, Cavallari M, Dai W, Dillon ST, McElhaney J, Guttmann C, Hshieh T, Kuchel G, Libermann T, Ngo L, Press D, Saczynski J, Vasunilashorn S, O'Connor M, Kimchi E, Strauss J, Wong B, Belkin M, Ayres D, Callery M, Pomposelli F, Wright J, Schermerhorn M, Abrantes T, Albuquerque A, Bertrand S, Brown A, Callahan A, D'Aquila M, Dowal S, Fox M, Gallagher J, Anna Gersten R, Hodara A, Helfand B, Inloes J, Kettell J, Kuczmarska A, Nee J, Nemeth E, Ochsner L, Palihnich K, Parisi K, Puelle M, Rastegar S, Vella M, Xu G, Bryan M, Guess J, Enghorn D, Gross A, Gou Y, Habtemariam D, Isaza I, Kosar C, Rockett C, Tommet D, Gruen T, Ross M, Tasker K, Gee J, Kolanowski A, Pisani M, de Rooij S, Rogers S, Studenski S, Stern Y, Whittemore A, Gottlieb G, Orav J, Sperling R; SAGES Study Group*
Anesthesiology 2019 Sep;131(3):477-491. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000002729. PMID: 31166241Free PMC Article
Recommendations for the nomenclature of cognitive change associated with anaesthesia and surgery-2018.
Evered L, Silbert B, Knopman DS, Scott DA, DeKosky ST, Rasmussen LS, Oh ES, Crosby G, Berger M, Eckenhoff RG; Nomenclature Consensus Working Group
Br J Anaesth 2018 Nov;121(5):1005-1012. Epub 2018 Jun 15 doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2017.11.087. PMID: 30336844Free PMC Article
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction.
Rundshagen I
Dtsch Arztebl Int 2014 Feb 21;111(8):119-25. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2014.0119. PMID: 24622758Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Postoperative neurocognitive disorders.
Tasbihgou SR, Absalom AR
Korean J Anesthesiol 2021 Feb;74(1):15-22. Epub 2020 Jul 6 doi: 10.4097/kja.20294. PMID: 32623846Free PMC Article
Postoperative delirium: perioperative assessment, risk reduction, and management.
Jin Z, Hu J, Ma D
Br J Anaesth 2020 Oct;125(4):492-504. Epub 2020 Aug 11 doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.06.063. PMID: 32798069
Association of Delirium With Long-term Cognitive Decline: A Meta-analysis.
Goldberg TE, Chen C, Wang Y, Jung E, Swanson A, Ing C, Garcia PS, Whittington RA, Moitra V
JAMA Neurol 2020 Nov 1;77(11):1373-1381. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.2273. PMID: 32658246Free PMC Article
Anesthesiology and cognitive impairment: a narrative review of current clinical literature.
Belrose JC, Noppens RR
BMC Anesthesiol 2019 Dec 27;19(1):241. doi: 10.1186/s12871-019-0903-7. PMID: 31881996Free PMC Article
Postoperative Delirium and Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction: Overlap and Divergence.
Daiello LA, Racine AM, Yun Gou R, Marcantonio ER, Xie Z, Kunze LJ, Vlassakov KV, Inouye SK, Jones RN, Alsop D, Travison T, Arnold S, Cooper Z, Dickerson B, Fong T, Metzger E, Pascual-Leone A, Schmitt EM, Shafi M, Cavallari M, Dai W, Dillon ST, McElhaney J, Guttmann C, Hshieh T, Kuchel G, Libermann T, Ngo L, Press D, Saczynski J, Vasunilashorn S, O'Connor M, Kimchi E, Strauss J, Wong B, Belkin M, Ayres D, Callery M, Pomposelli F, Wright J, Schermerhorn M, Abrantes T, Albuquerque A, Bertrand S, Brown A, Callahan A, D'Aquila M, Dowal S, Fox M, Gallagher J, Anna Gersten R, Hodara A, Helfand B, Inloes J, Kettell J, Kuczmarska A, Nee J, Nemeth E, Ochsner L, Palihnich K, Parisi K, Puelle M, Rastegar S, Vella M, Xu G, Bryan M, Guess J, Enghorn D, Gross A, Gou Y, Habtemariam D, Isaza I, Kosar C, Rockett C, Tommet D, Gruen T, Ross M, Tasker K, Gee J, Kolanowski A, Pisani M, de Rooij S, Rogers S, Studenski S, Stern Y, Whittemore A, Gottlieb G, Orav J, Sperling R; SAGES Study Group*
Anesthesiology 2019 Sep;131(3):477-491. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000002729. PMID: 31166241Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

The impact of regional versus general anesthesia on postoperative neurocognitive outcomes in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Bhushan S, Huang X, Duan Y, Xiao Z
Int J Surg 2022 Sep;105:106854. Epub 2022 Aug 27 doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106854. PMID: 36031067
The role of intraoperative hypotension on the development of postoperative cognitive dysfunction: a systematic review.
van Zuylen ML, Gribnau A, Admiraal M, Ten Hoope W, Veelo DP, Hollmann MW, Preckel B, Hermanides J
J Clin Anesth 2021 Sep;72:110310. Epub 2021 Apr 28 doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2021.110310. PMID: 33932723
Methodology of measuring postoperative cognitive dysfunction: a systematic review.
Borchers F, Spies CD, Feinkohl I, Brockhaus WR, Kraft A, Kozma P, Fislage M, Kühn S, Ionescu C, Speidel S, Hadzidiakos D, Veldhuijzen DS, Yürek F, Evered LA, Ottens TH
Br J Anaesth 2021 Jun;126(6):1119-1127. Epub 2021 Apr 2 doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2021.01.035. PMID: 33820655
Association of Delirium With Long-term Cognitive Decline: A Meta-analysis.
Goldberg TE, Chen C, Wang Y, Jung E, Swanson A, Ing C, Garcia PS, Whittington RA, Moitra V
JAMA Neurol 2020 Nov 1;77(11):1373-1381. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.2273. PMID: 32658246Free PMC Article
Intravenous versus inhalational maintenance of anaesthesia for postoperative cognitive outcomes in elderly people undergoing non-cardiac surgery.
Miller D, Lewis SR, Pritchard MW, Schofield-Robinson OJ, Shelton CL, Alderson P, Smith AF
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Aug 21;8(8):CD012317. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012317.pub2. PMID: 30129968Free PMC Article

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Related information

    • PMC Articles
      Related information in PubMed Central Links
    • PubMed
      Related literature resources in PubMed

    Recent activity

    Clear Turn Off Turn On

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...