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Acromegaloid facial appearance syndrome

MedGen UID:
167116
Concept ID:
C0796280
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Acromegaloid Facial Appearance; AFA syndrome; Thick lips and oral mucosa
SNOMED CT: Acromegaloid facial appearance syndrome (720456009)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0007051
OMIM®: 102150
Orphanet: ORPHA965

Definition

Acromegaloid facial appearance (AFA) syndrome is a multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with a probable autosomal dominant inheritance, characterized by a progressively coarse acromegaloid-like facial appearance with thickening of the lips and intraoral mucosa, large and doughy hands and, in some cases, developmental delay. AFA syndrome appears to be part of a phenotypic spectrum that includes hypertrichotic osteochondrodysplasia, Cantu type and hypertrichosis-acromegaloid facial appearance syndrome. [from MONDO]

Clinical features

From HPO
Large hands
MedGen UID:
98097
Concept ID:
C0426870
Finding
Tapered finger
MedGen UID:
98098
Concept ID:
C0426886
Finding
The gradual reduction in girth of the finger from proximal to distal.
Short 5th metacarpal
MedGen UID:
348858
Concept ID:
C1861388
Finding
Short fifth metacarpal bone.
Large for gestational age
MedGen UID:
341215
Concept ID:
C1848395
Finding
The term large for gestational age applies to babies whose birth weight lies above the 90th percentile for that gestational age.
Intellectual disability
MedGen UID:
811461
Concept ID:
C3714756
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, is characterized by subnormal intellectual functioning that occurs during the developmental period. It is defined by an IQ score below 70.
Specific learning disability
MedGen UID:
871302
Concept ID:
C4025790
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Impairment of certain skills such as reading or writing, coordination, self-control, or attention that interfere with the ability to learn. The impairment is not related to a global deficiency of intelligence.
Micrognathia
MedGen UID:
44428
Concept ID:
C0025990
Congenital Abnormality
Developmental hypoplasia of the mandible.
Joint hypermobility
MedGen UID:
336793
Concept ID:
C1844820
Finding
The capability that a joint (or a group of joints) has to move, passively and/or actively, beyond normal limits along physiological axes.
Thickened calvaria
MedGen UID:
346823
Concept ID:
C1858452
Finding
The presence of an abnormally thick calvaria.
Blepharophimosis
MedGen UID:
2670
Concept ID:
C0005744
Congenital Abnormality
A fixed reduction in the vertical distance between the upper and lower eyelids with short palpebral fissures.
Bulbous nose
MedGen UID:
66013
Concept ID:
C0240543
Finding
Increased volume and globular shape of the anteroinferior aspect of the nose.
Telecanthus
MedGen UID:
140836
Concept ID:
C0423113
Finding
Distance between the inner canthi more than two standard deviations above the mean (objective); or, apparently increased distance between the inner canthi.
Thick vermilion border
MedGen UID:
332232
Concept ID:
C1836543
Finding
Increased width of the skin of vermilion border region of upper lip.
Deep philtrum
MedGen UID:
374311
Concept ID:
C1839797
Finding
Accentuated, prominent philtral ridges giving rise to an exaggerated groove in the midline between the nasal base and upper vermillion border.
Thick nasal alae
MedGen UID:
335032
Concept ID:
C1844809
Finding
Increase in bulk of the ala nasi.
Sloping forehead
MedGen UID:
346640
Concept ID:
C1857679
Finding
Inclination of the anterior surface of the forehead from the vertical more than two standard deviations above the mean (objective); or apparently excessive posterior sloping of the forehead in a lateral view.
Highly arched eyebrow
MedGen UID:
358357
Concept ID:
C1868571
Finding
Increased height of the central portion of the eyebrow, forming a crescent, semicircular, or inverted U shape.
Synophrys
MedGen UID:
98132
Concept ID:
C0431447
Congenital Abnormality
Meeting of the medial eyebrows in the midline.

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Schofield JR, Hassell KL
Lupus 2023 Mar;32(3):319-324. Epub 2023 Jan 28 doi: 10.1177/09612033231153790. PMID: 36708185

Diagnosis

Schofield JR, Hassell KL
Lupus 2023 Mar;32(3):319-324. Epub 2023 Jan 28 doi: 10.1177/09612033231153790. PMID: 36708185
Afifi HH, Abdel-Hamid MS, Eid MM, Mostafa IS, Abdel-Salam GM
Pediatr Dermatol 2016 Mar-Apr;33(2):e109-13. Epub 2016 Feb 12 doi: 10.1111/pde.12821. PMID: 26871653
Czeschik JC, Voigt C, Goecke TO, Lüdecke HJ, Wagner N, Kuechler A, Wieczorek D
Am J Med Genet A 2013 Feb;161A(2):295-300. Epub 2013 Jan 10 doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35735. PMID: 23307537
da-Silva EO, Duarte AR, Andrade EJ, Furtado GJ
Clin Dysmorphol 1998 Jan;7(1):75-6. PMID: 9546838

Therapy

Schofield JR, Hassell KL
Lupus 2023 Mar;32(3):319-324. Epub 2023 Jan 28 doi: 10.1177/09612033231153790. PMID: 36708185

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