From HPO
Upper limb undergrowth- MedGen UID:
- 324789
- •Concept ID:
- C1837406
- •
- Finding
Arm shortening because of underdevelopment of one or more bones of the upper extremity.
Thoracic hypoplasia- MedGen UID:
- 373339
- •Concept ID:
- C1837482
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Pulmonary hypoplasia- MedGen UID:
- 78574
- •Concept ID:
- C0265783
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
A congenital abnormality in which the lung parenchyma is not fully developed. It may be associated with other congenital abnormalities.
Anteverted nares- MedGen UID:
- 326648
- •Concept ID:
- C1840077
- •
- Finding
Anteriorly-facing nostrils viewed with the head in the Frankfurt horizontal and the eyes of the observer level with the eyes of the subject. This gives the appearance of an upturned nose (upturned nasal tip).
Polyhydramnios- MedGen UID:
- 6936
- •Concept ID:
- C0020224
- •
- Pathologic Function
The presence of excess amniotic fluid in the uterus during pregnancy.
Hydrops fetalis- MedGen UID:
- 6947
- •Concept ID:
- C0020305
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
The abnormal accumulation of fluid in two or more fetal compartments, including ascites, pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, and skin edema.
Non-immune hydrops fetalis- MedGen UID:
- 105327
- •Concept ID:
- C0455988
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Hydrops fetalis is a descriptive term for generalized edema of the fetus, with fluid accumulation in extravascular components and body cavities. It is not a diagnosis in itself, but a symptom and end-stage result of a wide variety of disorders. In the case of immune hydrops fetalis, a frequent cause is maternofetal incompatibility as in that related to a number of genetic anemias and metabolic disorders expressed in the fetus; in other instances, it remains idiopathic and likely multifactorial (summary by Bellini et al., 2009).
Nonimmune hydrops fetalis accounts for 76 to 87% of all described cases of hydrops fetalis (Bellini et al., 2009).
Genetic Heterogeneity of Hydrops Fetalis
In southeast Asia, alpha-thalassemia (604131) is the most common cause of hydrops fetalis, accounting for 60 to 90% of cases. Almost all of these cases result from homozygous deletion of the HBA1 (141800) and HBA2 (141850) genes. A few cases have been reported that had 1 apparently normal alpha-globin gene, termed the hemoglobin H (613978) hydrops fetalis syndrome (summary by Chui and Waye, 1998).
Other genetic disorders predisposing to NIHF include other congenital anemias, such as erythropoietic porphyria (e.g., 606938.0013), and many metabolic disorders, such as one form of Gaucher disease (e.g., 606463.0009), infantile sialic acid storage disease (269920), mucopolysaccharidosis type VII (253220), glycogen storage disease IV (232500), congenital disorder of glycosylation type Ia (212065), and disorders of lymphatic malformation (see, e.g., LMPHM1, 153100).
Adrenal hypoplasia- MedGen UID:
- 337539
- •Concept ID:
- C1846223
- •
- Pathologic Function
Developmental hypoplasia of the adrenal glands.
- Abnormality of head or neck
- Abnormality of limbs
- Abnormality of prenatal development or birth
- Abnormality of the endocrine system
- Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system
- Abnormality of the respiratory system