U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Abnormal salivary cortisol level

MedGen UID:
1712787
•Concept ID:
C5397998
•
Finding
HPO: HP:0033013

Definition

Any deviation from the normal concentration of cortisol in saliva. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVAbnormal salivary cortisol level

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Reverse circadian glucocorticoid treatment in prepubertal children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
Dubinski I, Bechtold Dalla-Pozza S, Bidlingmaier M, Reisch N, Schmidt H
J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2021 Dec 20;34(12):1543-1548. Epub 2021 Sep 15 doi: 10.1515/jpem-2021-0540. PMID: 34523293
Monitoring medical treatment in adolescents and young adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: utility of salivary 17α-hydroxyprogesterone day profiles.
Deutschbein T, Unger N, Hauffa BP, Schaaf K, Mann K, Petersenn S
Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2011 Mar;119(3):131-8. Epub 2010 Aug 5 doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1255104. PMID: 20690075
Abnormal cortisol levels during the day and cortisol awakening response in first-episode psychosis: the role of stress and of antipsychotic treatment.
Mondelli V, Dazzan P, Hepgul N, Di Forti M, Aas M, D'Albenzio A, Di Nicola M, Fisher H, Handley R, Marques TR, Morgan C, Navari S, Taylor H, Papadopoulos A, Aitchison KJ, Murray RM, Pariante CM
Schizophr Res 2010 Feb;116(2-3):234-42. Epub 2009 Sep 13 doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2009.08.013. PMID: 19751968Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Early and recent exposure to adversity, TLR-4 stimulated inflammation, and diurnal cortisol in women with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: A MAPP research network study.
Lutgendorf SK, Zia S, Luo Y, O'Donnell M, van Bokhoven A, Bradley CS, Gallup R, Pierce J, Taple BJ, Naliboff BD, Quentin Clemens J, Kreder KJ, Schrepf A
Brain Behav Immun 2023 Jul;111:116-123. Epub 2023 Mar 29 doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.03.024. PMID: 37001828Free PMC Article
The influence of comorbid depression and overweight status on peripheral inflammation and cortisol levels.
McLaughlin AP, Nikkheslat N, Hastings C, Nettis MA, Kose M, Worrell C, Zajkowska Z, Mariani N, Enache D, Lombardo G, Pointon L; NIMA Consortium, Cowen P, Cavanagh J, Harrison N, Bullmore E, Pariante CM, Mondelli V
Psychol Med 2022 Oct;52(14):3289-3296. Epub 2021 Mar 18 doi: 10.1017/S0033291721000088. PMID: 33731235Free PMC Article
Salivary cortisol patterns in psychopathic and non-psychopathic offenders.
Cima M, Nicolson NA
Physiol Behav 2021 Oct 1;239:113529. Epub 2021 Jul 15 doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113529. PMID: 34273345
Stress induced cortisol release and schizotypy.
Walter EE, Fernandez F, Snelling M, Barkus E
Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018 Mar;89:209-215. Epub 2018 Jan 31 doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.01.012. PMID: 29414034
Cushing’s disease and melancholia.
Condren RM, Thakore JH
Stress 2001 Jun;4(2):91-119. doi: 10.3109/10253890109115725. PMID: 22432130

Diagnosis

Comparison of salivary cortisol levels between women with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea and healthy women: a pilot study.
Koukoubanis K, Stefanaki K, Karagiannakis DS, Kalampalikis A, Michala L
Endocrine 2023 Nov;82(2):399-405. Epub 2023 Jul 13 doi: 10.1007/s12020-023-03448-x. PMID: 37440104
Alcohol-induced Cushing syndrome: report of eight cases and review of the literature.
Surani A, Carroll TB, Javorsky BR, Raff H, Findling JW
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023;14:1199091. Epub 2023 Jun 20 doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1199091. PMID: 37409223Free PMC Article
Early and recent exposure to adversity, TLR-4 stimulated inflammation, and diurnal cortisol in women with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: A MAPP research network study.
Lutgendorf SK, Zia S, Luo Y, O'Donnell M, van Bokhoven A, Bradley CS, Gallup R, Pierce J, Taple BJ, Naliboff BD, Quentin Clemens J, Kreder KJ, Schrepf A
Brain Behav Immun 2023 Jul;111:116-123. Epub 2023 Mar 29 doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.03.024. PMID: 37001828Free PMC Article
The influence of comorbid depression and overweight status on peripheral inflammation and cortisol levels.
McLaughlin AP, Nikkheslat N, Hastings C, Nettis MA, Kose M, Worrell C, Zajkowska Z, Mariani N, Enache D, Lombardo G, Pointon L; NIMA Consortium, Cowen P, Cavanagh J, Harrison N, Bullmore E, Pariante CM, Mondelli V
Psychol Med 2022 Oct;52(14):3289-3296. Epub 2021 Mar 18 doi: 10.1017/S0033291721000088. PMID: 33731235Free PMC Article
Cushing’s disease and melancholia.
Condren RM, Thakore JH
Stress 2001 Jun;4(2):91-119. doi: 10.3109/10253890109115725. PMID: 22432130

Therapy

Childhood trauma, HPA axis activity and antidepressant response in patients with depression.
Nikkheslat N, McLaughlin AP, Hastings C, Zajkowska Z, Nettis MA, Mariani N, Enache D, Lombardo G, Pointon L, Cowen PJ, Cavanagh J, Harrison NA, Bullmore ET; NIMA Consortium, Pariante CM, Mondelli V
Brain Behav Immun 2020 Jul;87:229-237. Epub 2019 Nov 30 doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.11.024. PMID: 31794798Free PMC Article
An exploratory study of salivary cortisol changes during chamomile extract therapy of moderate to severe generalized anxiety disorder.
Keefe JR, Guo W, Li QS, Amsterdam JD, Mao JJ
J Psychiatr Res 2018 Jan;96:189-195. Epub 2017 Oct 16 doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.10.011. PMID: 29080520Free PMC Article
Resetting the Abnormal Circadian Cortisol Rhythm in Adrenal Incidentaloma Patients With Mild Autonomous Cortisol Secretion.
Debono M, Harrison RF, Chadarevian R, Gueroult C, Abitbol JL, Newell-Price J
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017 Sep 1;102(9):3461-3469. doi: 10.1210/jc.2017-00823. PMID: 28911138Free PMC Article
Disrupted glucocorticoid--Immune interactions during stress response in schizophrenia.
Chiappelli J, Shi Q, Kodi P, Savransky A, Kochunov P, Rowland LM, Nugent KL, Hong LE
Psychoneuroendocrinology 2016 Jan;63:86-93. Epub 2015 Sep 12 doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.09.010. PMID: 26431803Free PMC Article
Salivary cortisol measurement in normal-weight, obese and anorexic women: comparison with plasma cortisol.
Putignano P, Dubini A, Toja P, Invitti C, Bonfanti S, Redaelli G, Zappulli D, Cavagnini F
Eur J Endocrinol 2001 Aug;145(2):165-71. doi: 10.1530/eje.0.1450165. PMID: 11454512

Prognosis

Are all parental experiences equal?: Cluster analysis of salivary cortisol and perception of parental stress in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder.
Fecteau SM, Trudel M, Champagne N, Picard F
Res Dev Disabil 2023 Aug;139:104550. Epub 2023 Jun 14 doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2023.104550. PMID: 37327575
Cushing's disease: risk of recurrence following trans-sphenoidal surgery, timing and methods for evaluation.
Balomenaki M, Vassiliadi DA, Tsagarakis S
Pituitary 2022 Oct;25(5):718-721. Epub 2022 May 17 doi: 10.1007/s11102-022-01226-y. PMID: 35579775
Salivary cortisol and psychopathy dimensions in detained antisocial adolescents.
Feilhauer J, Cima M, Korebrits A, Nicolson NA
Psychoneuroendocrinology 2013 Sep;38(9):1586-95. Epub 2013 Mar 5 doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.01.005. PMID: 23466026
Associations between suicide attempts and elevated bedtime salivary cortisol levels in bipolar disorder.
Kamali M, Saunders EF, Prossin AR, Brucksch CB, Harrington GJ, Langenecker SA, McInnis MG
J Affect Disord 2012 Feb;136(3):350-8. Epub 2011 Dec 10 doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2011.11.027. PMID: 22154566Free PMC Article
Cushing’s disease and melancholia.
Condren RM, Thakore JH
Stress 2001 Jun;4(2):91-119. doi: 10.3109/10253890109115725. PMID: 22432130

Clinical prediction guides

Comparison of salivary cortisol levels between women with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea and healthy women: a pilot study.
Koukoubanis K, Stefanaki K, Karagiannakis DS, Kalampalikis A, Michala L
Endocrine 2023 Nov;82(2):399-405. Epub 2023 Jul 13 doi: 10.1007/s12020-023-03448-x. PMID: 37440104
Early and recent exposure to adversity, TLR-4 stimulated inflammation, and diurnal cortisol in women with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: A MAPP research network study.
Lutgendorf SK, Zia S, Luo Y, O'Donnell M, van Bokhoven A, Bradley CS, Gallup R, Pierce J, Taple BJ, Naliboff BD, Quentin Clemens J, Kreder KJ, Schrepf A
Brain Behav Immun 2023 Jul;111:116-123. Epub 2023 Mar 29 doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.03.024. PMID: 37001828Free PMC Article
The influence of comorbid depression and overweight status on peripheral inflammation and cortisol levels.
McLaughlin AP, Nikkheslat N, Hastings C, Nettis MA, Kose M, Worrell C, Zajkowska Z, Mariani N, Enache D, Lombardo G, Pointon L; NIMA Consortium, Cowen P, Cavanagh J, Harrison N, Bullmore E, Pariante CM, Mondelli V
Psychol Med 2022 Oct;52(14):3289-3296. Epub 2021 Mar 18 doi: 10.1017/S0033291721000088. PMID: 33731235Free PMC Article
Stress induced cortisol release and schizotypy.
Walter EE, Fernandez F, Snelling M, Barkus E
Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018 Mar;89:209-215. Epub 2018 Jan 31 doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.01.012. PMID: 29414034
Cushing’s disease and melancholia.
Condren RM, Thakore JH
Stress 2001 Jun;4(2):91-119. doi: 10.3109/10253890109115725. PMID: 22432130

Recent systematic reviews

Stress biomarkers in individuals with fibromyalgia syndrome: a systematic review with meta-analysis.
Beiner E, Lucas V, Reichert J, Buhai DV, Jesinghaus M, Vock S, Drusko A, Baumeister D, Eich W, Friederich HC, Tesarz J
Pain 2023 Jul 1;164(7):1416-1427. Epub 2023 Jan 5 doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002857. PMID: 36728497

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Consumer resources

    Reviews

    Recent activity

    Clear Turn Off Turn On

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...