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Hyponatremia with Hypoosmolality

MedGen UID:
1789288
•Concept ID:
C0494356
•
Finding
Synonym: Hyponatremia with Hypo-osmolality

Definition

Abnormally low serum sodium levels in the setting of electrolyte/fluid imbalance. This condition may be the result of excessive intake or retention of water and/or excretion of salt. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVHyponatremia with Hypoosmolality

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Hyponatremia in cirrhosis: pathogenesis, clinical significance, and management.
Ginès P, Guevara M
Hepatology 2008 Sep;48(3):1002-10. doi: 10.1002/hep.22418. PMID: 18671303
Evaluation and management of hypo-osmolality in hospitalized patients.
Janicic N, Verbalis JG
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2003 Jun;32(2):459-81, vii. doi: 10.1016/s0889-8529(03)00004-5. PMID: 12800541
Drug-induced syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion. Causes, diagnosis and management.
Chan TY
Drugs Aging 1997 Jul;11(1):27-44. doi: 10.2165/00002512-199711010-00004. PMID: 9237039

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Arginine vasopressin receptor signaling and functional outcomes in heart failure.
Wasilewski MA, Myers VD, Recchia FA, Feldman AM, Tilley DG
Cell Signal 2016 Mar;28(3):224-233. Epub 2015 Jul 30 doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.07.021. PMID: 26232615Free PMC Article
The neurological manifestations of acute liver failure.
Shawcross DL, Wendon JA
Neurochem Int 2012 Jun;60(7):662-71. Epub 2011 Nov 2 doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2011.10.006. PMID: 22067133
Hyponatremia in cirrhosis: pathogenesis, clinical significance, and management.
Ginès P, Guevara M
Hepatology 2008 Sep;48(3):1002-10. doi: 10.1002/hep.22418. PMID: 18671303
Therapeutic approach to hyponatremia.
Han DS, Cho BS
Nephron 2002;92 Suppl 1:9-13. doi: 10.1159/000065371. PMID: 12401932
Citalopram-associated SIADH.
Barclay TS, Lee AJ
Ann Pharmacother 2002 Oct;36(10):1558-63. doi: 10.1345/aph.1C071. PMID: 12243606

Diagnosis

Hypertonic saline, isotonic saline, water restriction, long loops diuretics, urea or vaptans to treat hyponatremia.
Decaux G, Gankam Kengne F
Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2020 May;15(3):195-214. Epub 2020 May 13 doi: 10.1080/17446651.2020.1755259. PMID: 32401559
Hyponatremia and Glucocorticoid Deficiency.
Garrahy A, Thompson CJ
Front Horm Res 2019;52:80-92. Epub 2019 Jan 15 doi: 10.1159/000493239. PMID: 32097946
Citalopram-associated SIADH.
Barclay TS, Lee AJ
Ann Pharmacother 2002 Oct;36(10):1558-63. doi: 10.1345/aph.1C071. PMID: 12243606
SIADH: a case review.
Shirland L
Neonatal Netw 2001 Feb;20(1):25-9. doi: 10.1891/0730-0832.20.1.29. PMID: 12143836
Hyponatremia.
DiBartola SP
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 1998 May;28(3):515-32. doi: 10.1016/s0195-5616(98)50053-8. PMID: 9597712

Therapy

Hypertonic saline, isotonic saline, water restriction, long loops diuretics, urea or vaptans to treat hyponatremia.
Decaux G, Gankam Kengne F
Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2020 May;15(3):195-214. Epub 2020 May 13 doi: 10.1080/17446651.2020.1755259. PMID: 32401559
Hyponatremia in cirrhosis: pathogenesis, clinical significance, and management.
Ginès P, Guevara M
Hepatology 2008 Sep;48(3):1002-10. doi: 10.1002/hep.22418. PMID: 18671303
Brain volume regulation in response to hypo-osmolality and its correction.
Sterns RH, Silver SM
Am J Med 2006 Jul;119(7 Suppl 1):S12-6. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2006.05.003. PMID: 16843080
Anaesthetic considerations for hysteroscopic surgery.
Mushambi MC, Williamson K
Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2002 Mar;16(1):35-52. doi: 10.1053/bean.2002.0206. PMID: 12491542
Citalopram-associated SIADH.
Barclay TS, Lee AJ
Ann Pharmacother 2002 Oct;36(10):1558-63. doi: 10.1345/aph.1C071. PMID: 12243606

Prognosis

Hyponatremia is the valuable manifestation for initiating diagnosis of hypopituitarism in elderly.
Asano T, Aoki A, Sasaki M, Ikoma A, Kakei M, Kawakami M, Ishikawa SE
Endocr J 2012;59(11):1015-20. Epub 2012 Jul 24 doi: 10.1507/endocrj.ej12-0067. PMID: 22850090
The neurological manifestations of acute liver failure.
Shawcross DL, Wendon JA
Neurochem Int 2012 Jun;60(7):662-71. Epub 2011 Nov 2 doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2011.10.006. PMID: 22067133
SIADH: a case review.
Shirland L
Neonatal Netw 2001 Feb;20(1):25-9. doi: 10.1891/0730-0832.20.1.29. PMID: 12143836
Aquaretic agents: a new potential treatment of dilutional hyponatremia in cirrhosis.
Ginès P, Jiménez W
J Hepatol 1996 Apr;24(4):506-12. doi: 10.1016/s0168-8278(96)80174-7. PMID: 8738740
Hyponatremia and osmoregulation of thirst and vasopressin secretion in patients with adrenal insufficiency.
Kamoi K, Tamura T, Tanaka K, Ishibashi M, Yamaji T
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1993 Dec;77(6):1584-8. doi: 10.1210/jcem.77.6.8263145. PMID: 8263145

Clinical prediction guides

Prospective Randomized Trial Comparing the Safety and Clarity of Water Versus Saline Irrigant in Ureteroscopy.
Pirani F, Makhani SS, Kim FY, Lay AH, Cimmino CB, Hartsell L, Spence A, Master VA, Ogan K
Eur Urol Focus 2021 Jul;7(4):850-856. Epub 2020 Mar 4 doi: 10.1016/j.euf.2020.02.009. PMID: 32146123
The neurological manifestations of acute liver failure.
Shawcross DL, Wendon JA
Neurochem Int 2012 Jun;60(7):662-71. Epub 2011 Nov 2 doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2011.10.006. PMID: 22067133
Hyponatremia in visceral leishmaniasis.
Verde FA, Verde FA, Veronese FJ, Neto AS, Fuc G, Verde EM
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2010 Sep-Oct;52(5):253-8. doi: 10.1590/s0036-46652010000500006. PMID: 21049229
Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) in malignant disease.
Sørensen JB, Andersen MK, Hansen HH
J Intern Med 1995 Aug;238(2):97-110. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.1995.tb00907.x. PMID: 7629492
Role of diuretics, hormonal derangements, and clinical setting of hyponatremia in medical patients.
Gross P, Ketteler M, Hausmann C, Reinhard C, Schömig A, Hackenthal E, Ritz E, Rascher W
Klin Wochenschr 1988 Aug 1;66(15):662-9. doi: 10.1007/BF01726923. PMID: 3050265

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