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Hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn, RH-induced(HDFNRH)

MedGen UID:
1789316
Concept ID:
C0748400
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: RH DISEASE; RH FETOMATERNAL INCOMPATIBILITY
 
Gene (location): RHD (1p36.11)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0859172
OMIM®: 619462

Definition

Rh-induced hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFNRH) occurs in pregnancies in which mothers who lack the D antigen (RhD) of the Rh blood group (111690) have been exposed to the RhD-positive red cells of the fetus. The resulting maternal autoantibodies cross the placenta and destroy fetal red cells (summary by Urbaniak and Greiss, 2000). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Hepatomegaly
MedGen UID:
42428
Concept ID:
C0019209
Finding
Abnormally increased size of the liver.
Bilirubin encephalopathy
MedGen UID:
44018
Concept ID:
C0022610
Disease or Syndrome
Damage to cerebral nuclei caused in infants by highly increased levels of unconjugated bilirubin. The basal ganglia and brainstem nuclei could be shown to have a yellow staining historically in infants who died of kernicterus, that is, kernicterus is strictly speaking a pathological diagnosis. The presence of kernicterus may be inferred in infants with characteristic acute or chronic bilirubin-induced neurological dysfunction.
Splenomegaly
MedGen UID:
52469
Concept ID:
C0038002
Finding
Abnormal increased size of the spleen.
Polyhydramnios
MedGen UID:
6936
Concept ID:
C0020224
Pathologic Function
The presence of excess amniotic fluid in the uterus during pregnancy.
Hydrops fetalis
MedGen UID:
6947
Concept ID:
C0020305
Disease or Syndrome
The abnormal accumulation of fluid in two or more fetal compartments, including ascites, pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, and skin edema.
Fetal ascites
MedGen UID:
226930
Concept ID:
C1285291
Disease or Syndrome
Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity during the fetal period.
Fetal pleural effusion
MedGen UID:
759277
Concept ID:
C3532164
Pathologic Function
Fetal pleural effusion is the accumulation of excess fluid in the layers of tissue (pleura) lining the lungs and wall of the chest. It may be primary, also termed hydrothorax, occurring as an isolated finding or it may be secondary, most commonly resulting from non-immune hydrops.
Fetal pericardial effusion
MedGen UID:
759278
Concept ID:
C3532165
Pathologic Function
An abnormal accumulation of fluid in which the heart is partially or completely surrounded by fluid that is seen in all views and the thickness of the fluid as observed by prenatal ultrasound is above age-dependent norms.

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