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Anastomotic Leak

MedGen UID:
183077
•Concept ID:
C0919691
•
Pathologic Function
Synonyms: Anastomotic Leakage; Anastomotic Leakages; Anastomotic Leaks; Leak, Anastomotic; Leakage, Anastomotic; Leakages, Anastomotic; Leaks, Anastomotic

Definition

Breakdown of the connection and subsequent leakage of effluent (fluids, secretions, air) from a SURGICAL ANASTOMOSIS of the digestive, respiratory, genitourinary, and cardiovascular systems. Most common leakages are from the breakdown of suture lines in gastrointestinal or bowel anastomosis. [from MeSH]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVAnastomotic Leak

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Endoscopic Treatment of Acute and Chronic Anastomotic Leaks from Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surgery.
Pokala A, Shen B
Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2022 Oct;32(4):801-815. Epub 2022 Sep 7 doi: 10.1016/j.giec.2022.05.007. PMID: 36202517
Colorectal: Management of Postoperative Complications in Colorectal Surgery.
Hanna DN, Hawkins AT
Surg Clin North Am 2021 Oct;101(5):717-729. Epub 2021 Jul 30 doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2021.05.016. PMID: 34537139
Emerging Trends in the Etiology, Prevention, and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Anastomotic Leakage.
Chadi SA, Fingerhut A, Berho M, DeMeester SR, Fleshman JW, Hyman NH, Margolin DA, Martz JE, McLemore EC, Molena D, Newman MI, Rafferty JF, Safar B, Senagore AJ, Zmora O, Wexner SD
J Gastrointest Surg 2016 Dec;20(12):2035-2051. Epub 2016 Sep 16 doi: 10.1007/s11605-016-3255-3. PMID: 27638764

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Risk Factors and Preventive Measures for Anastomotic Leak in Colorectal Cancer.
Zhao Y, Li B, Sun Y, Liu Q, Cao Q, Li T, Li J
Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022 Jan-Dec;21:15330338221118983. doi: 10.1177/15330338221118983. PMID: 36172641Free PMC Article
Anastomotic Leak: Toward an Understanding of Its Root Causes.
Alverdy JC, Schardey HM
J Gastrointest Surg 2021 Nov;25(11):2966-2975. Epub 2021 Jun 7 doi: 10.1007/s11605-021-05048-4. PMID: 34100248Free PMC Article
A meta-analysis of the role of diverting ileostomy after rectal cancer surgery.
Ahmad NZ, Abbas MH, Khan SU, Parvaiz A
Int J Colorectal Dis 2021 Mar;36(3):445-455. Epub 2020 Oct 16 doi: 10.1007/s00384-020-03771-z. PMID: 33064212
Anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: definitions, diagnostics, and treatment.
Fabbi M, Hagens ERC, van Berge Henegouwen MI, Gisbertz SS
Dis Esophagus 2021 Jan 11;34(1) doi: 10.1093/dote/doaa039. PMID: 32476017Free PMC Article
Anastomotic leak in colorectal cancer patients: New insights and perspectives.
Foppa C, Ng SC, Montorsi M, Spinelli A
Eur J Surg Oncol 2020 Jun;46(6):943-954. Epub 2020 Feb 24 doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2020.02.027. PMID: 32139117

Diagnosis

Risk Factors and Preventive Measures for Anastomotic Leak in Colorectal Cancer.
Zhao Y, Li B, Sun Y, Liu Q, Cao Q, Li T, Li J
Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022 Jan-Dec;21:15330338221118983. doi: 10.1177/15330338221118983. PMID: 36172641Free PMC Article
Anastomotic leakage in colorectal cancer surgery.
Chiarello MM, Fransvea P, Cariati M, Adams NJ, Bianchi V, Brisinda G
Surg Oncol 2022 Mar;40:101708. Epub 2022 Jan 24 doi: 10.1016/j.suronc.2022.101708. PMID: 35092916
C-reactive protein can predict anastomotic leak in colorectal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Yeung DE, Peterknecht E, Hajibandeh S, Hajibandeh S, Torrance AW
Int J Colorectal Dis 2021 Jun;36(6):1147-1162. Epub 2021 Feb 8 doi: 10.1007/s00384-021-03854-5. PMID: 33555423
Anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: definitions, diagnostics, and treatment.
Fabbi M, Hagens ERC, van Berge Henegouwen MI, Gisbertz SS
Dis Esophagus 2021 Jan 11;34(1) doi: 10.1093/dote/doaa039. PMID: 32476017Free PMC Article
Esophagojejunal anastomotic leakage following gastrectomy for gastric cancer.
Makuuchi R, Irino T, Tanizawa Y, Bando E, Kawamura T, Terashima M
Surg Today 2019 Mar;49(3):187-196. Epub 2018 Oct 13 doi: 10.1007/s00595-018-1726-8. PMID: 30317492

Therapy

Transanal Drainage Tube Use for Preventing Anastomotic Leakage After Laparoscopic Low Anterior Resection in Patients With Rectal Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Zhao S, Zhang L, Gao F, Wu M, Zheng J, Bai L, Li F, Liu B, Pan Z, Liu J, Du K, Zhou X, Li C, Zhang A, Pu Z, Li Y, Feng B, Tong W
JAMA Surg 2021 Dec 1;156(12):1151-1158. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2021.4568. PMID: 34613330Free PMC Article
Anastomotic Leak: Toward an Understanding of Its Root Causes.
Alverdy JC, Schardey HM
J Gastrointest Surg 2021 Nov;25(11):2966-2975. Epub 2021 Jun 7 doi: 10.1007/s11605-021-05048-4. PMID: 34100248Free PMC Article
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced colon cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Gosavi R, Chia C, Michael M, Heriot AG, Warrier SK, Kong JC
Int J Colorectal Dis 2021 Oct;36(10):2063-2070. Epub 2021 May 4 doi: 10.1007/s00384-021-03945-3. PMID: 33945007
The role of Kono-S anastomosis and mesenteric resection in reducing recurrence after surgery for Crohn's disease: a systematic review.
Alshantti A, Hind D, Hancock L, Brown SR
Colorectal Dis 2021 Jan;23(1):7-17. Epub 2020 Jun 11 doi: 10.1111/codi.15136. PMID: 32418300
Review of Risk Factors for Anastomotic Leakage in Colorectal Surgery.
Vasiliu EC, Zarnescu NO, Costea R, Neagu S
Chirurgia (Bucur) 2015 Jul-Aug;110(4):319-26. PMID: 26305194

Prognosis

Anastomotic leak in colorectal cancer patients: New insights and perspectives.
Foppa C, Ng SC, Montorsi M, Spinelli A
Eur J Surg Oncol 2020 Jun;46(6):943-954. Epub 2020 Feb 24 doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2020.02.027. PMID: 32139117
Predictors for Anastomotic Leak, Postoperative Complications, and Mortality After Right Colectomy for Cancer: Results From an International Snapshot Audit.
2015 European Society of Coloproctology Collaborating Group
Dis Colon Rectum 2020 May;63(5):606-618. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000001590. PMID: 32032201
Esophagojejunal anastomotic leakage following gastrectomy for gastric cancer.
Makuuchi R, Irino T, Tanizawa Y, Bando E, Kawamura T, Terashima M
Surg Today 2019 Mar;49(3):187-196. Epub 2018 Oct 13 doi: 10.1007/s00595-018-1726-8. PMID: 30317492
Predictive factors for anastomotic leakage after laparoscopic colorectal surgery.
Sciuto A, Merola G, De Palma GD, Sodo M, Pirozzi F, Bracale UM, Bracale U
World J Gastroenterol 2018 Jun 7;24(21):2247-2260. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i21.2247. PMID: 29881234Free PMC Article
Review of Risk Factors for Anastomotic Leakage in Colorectal Surgery.
Vasiliu EC, Zarnescu NO, Costea R, Neagu S
Chirurgia (Bucur) 2015 Jul-Aug;110(4):319-26. PMID: 26305194

Clinical prediction guides

Risk Factors and Preventive Measures for Anastomotic Leak in Colorectal Cancer.
Zhao Y, Li B, Sun Y, Liu Q, Cao Q, Li T, Li J
Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022 Jan-Dec;21:15330338221118983. doi: 10.1177/15330338221118983. PMID: 36172641Free PMC Article
Severity of oEsophageal Anastomotic Leak in patients after oesophagectomy: the SEAL score.
Ubels S, Verstegen M, Klarenbeek B, Bouwense S, van Berge Henegouwen M, Daams F, van Det MJ, Griffiths EA, Haveman JW, Heisterkamp J, Koshy R, Nieuwenhuijzen G, Polat F, Siersema PD, Singh P, Wijnhoven B, Hannink G, van Workum F, Rosman C; TENTACLE—Esophagus Collaborative Group
Br J Surg 2022 Aug 16;109(9):864-871. doi: 10.1093/bjs/znac226. PMID: 35759409Free PMC Article
Risk factors for anastomotic leakage after anterior resection for rectal cancer (RALAR study): A nationwide retrospective study of the Italian Society of Surgical Oncology Colorectal Cancer Network Collaborative Group.
Degiuli M, Elmore U, De Luca R, De Nardi P, Tomatis M, Biondi A, Persiani R, Solaini L, Rizzo G, Soriero D, Cianflocca D, Milone M, Turri G, Rega D, Delrio P, Pedrazzani C, De Palma GD, Borghi F, Scabini S, Coco C, Cavaliere D, Simone M, Rosati R, Reddavid R; collaborators from the Italian Society of Surgical Oncology Colorectal Cancer Network Collaborative Group
Colorectal Dis 2022 Mar;24(3):264-276. Epub 2021 Dec 6 doi: 10.1111/codi.15997. PMID: 34816571Free PMC Article
A meta-analysis of the role of diverting ileostomy after rectal cancer surgery.
Ahmad NZ, Abbas MH, Khan SU, Parvaiz A
Int J Colorectal Dis 2021 Mar;36(3):445-455. Epub 2020 Oct 16 doi: 10.1007/s00384-020-03771-z. PMID: 33064212
Review of Risk Factors for Anastomotic Leakage in Colorectal Surgery.
Vasiliu EC, Zarnescu NO, Costea R, Neagu S
Chirurgia (Bucur) 2015 Jul-Aug;110(4):319-26. PMID: 26305194

Recent systematic reviews

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced colon cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Gosavi R, Chia C, Michael M, Heriot AG, Warrier SK, Kong JC
Int J Colorectal Dis 2021 Oct;36(10):2063-2070. Epub 2021 May 4 doi: 10.1007/s00384-021-03945-3. PMID: 33945007
Total Neoadjuvant Therapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis of Oncological and Operative Outcomes.
Kong JC, Soucisse M, Michael M, Tie J, Ngan SY, Leong T, McCormick J, Warrier SK, Heriot AG
Ann Surg Oncol 2021 Nov;28(12):7476-7486. Epub 2021 Apr 23 doi: 10.1245/s10434-021-09837-8. PMID: 33891203
C-reactive protein can predict anastomotic leak in colorectal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Yeung DE, Peterknecht E, Hajibandeh S, Hajibandeh S, Torrance AW
Int J Colorectal Dis 2021 Jun;36(6):1147-1162. Epub 2021 Feb 8 doi: 10.1007/s00384-021-03854-5. PMID: 33555423
Reporting of complications after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a systematic review.
Alexander HC, Bartlett AS, Wells CI, Hannam JA, Moore MR, Poole GH, Merry AF
HPB (Oxford) 2018 Sep;20(9):786-794. Epub 2018 Apr 9 doi: 10.1016/j.hpb.2018.03.004. PMID: 29650299
Systematic review of preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative risk factors for colorectal anastomotic leaks.
McDermott FD, Heeney A, Kelly ME, Steele RJ, Carlson GL, Winter DC
Br J Surg 2015 Apr;102(5):462-79. Epub 2015 Feb 19 doi: 10.1002/bjs.9697. PMID: 25703524

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