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Anastomotic Leak

MedGen UID:
183077
•Concept ID:
C0919691
•
Pathologic Function
Synonyms: Anastomotic Leakage; Anastomotic Leakages; Anastomotic Leaks; Leak, Anastomotic; Leakage, Anastomotic; Leakages, Anastomotic; Leaks, Anastomotic

Definition

Breakdown of the connection and subsequent leakage of effluent (fluids, secretions, air) from a SURGICAL ANASTOMOSIS of the digestive, respiratory, genitourinary, and cardiovascular systems. Most common leakages are from the breakdown of suture lines in gastrointestinal or bowel anastomosis. [from MeSH]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVAnastomotic Leak

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Endoscopic Treatment of Acute and Chronic Anastomotic Leaks from Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surgery.
Pokala A, Shen B
Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2022 Oct;32(4):801-815. Epub 2022 Sep 7 doi: 10.1016/j.giec.2022.05.007. PMID: 36202517
Diagnosis, assessment, and management of surgical complications following esophagectomy.
Grimminger PP, Goense L, Gockel I, Bergeat D, Bertheuil N, Chandramohan SM, Chen KN, Chon SH, Denis C, Goh KL, Gronnier C, Liu JF, Meunier B, Nafteux P, Pirchi ED, Schiesser M, Thieme R, Wu A, Wu PC, Buttar N, Chang AC
Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018 Dec;1434(1):254-273. Epub 2018 Jul 8 doi: 10.1111/nyas.13920. PMID: 29984413
NSAIDs in the Treatment of Postoperative Pain.
Gupta A, Bah M
Curr Pain Headache Rep 2016 Nov;20(11):62. doi: 10.1007/s11916-016-0591-7. PMID: 27841015

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Predictive Factors for Anastomotic Leakage Following Colorectal Cancer Surgery: Where Are We and Where Are We Going?
Tsalikidis C, Mitsala A, Mentonis VI, Romanidis K, Pappas-Gogos G, Tsaroucha AK, Pitiakoudis M
Curr Oncol 2023 Mar 7;30(3):3111-3137. doi: 10.3390/curroncol30030236. PMID: 36975449Free PMC Article
Risk factors for anastomotic leakage after anterior resection for rectal cancer (RALAR study): A nationwide retrospective study of the Italian Society of Surgical Oncology Colorectal Cancer Network Collaborative Group.
Degiuli M, Elmore U, De Luca R, De Nardi P, Tomatis M, Biondi A, Persiani R, Solaini L, Rizzo G, Soriero D, Cianflocca D, Milone M, Turri G, Rega D, Delrio P, Pedrazzani C, De Palma GD, Borghi F, Scabini S, Coco C, Cavaliere D, Simone M, Rosati R, Reddavid R; collaborators from the Italian Society of Surgical Oncology Colorectal Cancer Network Collaborative Group
Colorectal Dis 2022 Mar;24(3):264-276. Epub 2021 Dec 6 doi: 10.1111/codi.15997. PMID: 34816571Free PMC Article
Anastomotic Leak: Toward an Understanding of Its Root Causes.
Alverdy JC, Schardey HM
J Gastrointest Surg 2021 Nov;25(11):2966-2975. Epub 2021 Jun 7 doi: 10.1007/s11605-021-05048-4. PMID: 34100248Free PMC Article
Anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: definitions, diagnostics, and treatment.
Fabbi M, Hagens ERC, van Berge Henegouwen MI, Gisbertz SS
Dis Esophagus 2021 Jan 11;34(1) doi: 10.1093/dote/doaa039. PMID: 32476017Free PMC Article
Anastomotic leak in colorectal cancer patients: New insights and perspectives.
Foppa C, Ng SC, Montorsi M, Spinelli A
Eur J Surg Oncol 2020 Jun;46(6):943-954. Epub 2020 Feb 24 doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2020.02.027. PMID: 32139117

Diagnosis

Predictive Factors for Anastomotic Leakage Following Colorectal Cancer Surgery: Where Are We and Where Are We Going?
Tsalikidis C, Mitsala A, Mentonis VI, Romanidis K, Pappas-Gogos G, Tsaroucha AK, Pitiakoudis M
Curr Oncol 2023 Mar 7;30(3):3111-3137. doi: 10.3390/curroncol30030236. PMID: 36975449Free PMC Article
Risk Factors and Preventive Measures for Anastomotic Leak in Colorectal Cancer.
Zhao Y, Li B, Sun Y, Liu Q, Cao Q, Li T, Li J
Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022 Jan-Dec;21:15330338221118983. doi: 10.1177/15330338221118983. PMID: 36172641Free PMC Article
Anastomotic leakage in colorectal cancer surgery.
Chiarello MM, Fransvea P, Cariati M, Adams NJ, Bianchi V, Brisinda G
Surg Oncol 2022 Mar;40:101708. Epub 2022 Jan 24 doi: 10.1016/j.suronc.2022.101708. PMID: 35092916
Anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: definitions, diagnostics, and treatment.
Fabbi M, Hagens ERC, van Berge Henegouwen MI, Gisbertz SS
Dis Esophagus 2021 Jan 11;34(1) doi: 10.1093/dote/doaa039. PMID: 32476017Free PMC Article
Management of Complications After Esophagectomy.
Yeung JC
Thorac Surg Clin 2020 Aug;30(3):359-366. Epub 2020 May 22 doi: 10.1016/j.thorsurg.2020.04.002. PMID: 32593368

Therapy

Blood Perfusion Assessment by Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Imaging for Minimally Invasive Rectal Cancer Surgery (EssentiAL trial): A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Watanabe J, Takemasa I, Kotake M, Noura S, Kimura K, Suwa H, Tei M, Takano Y, Munakata K, Matoba S, Yamagishi S, Yasui M, Kato T, Ishibe A, Shiozawa M, Ishii Y, Yabuno T, Nitta T, Saito S, Saigusa Y, Watanabe M; EssentiAL Trial Group
Ann Surg 2023 Oct 1;278(4):e688-e694. Epub 2023 May 23 doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000005907. PMID: 37218517Free PMC Article
Anastomotic Leak: Toward an Understanding of Its Root Causes.
Alverdy JC, Schardey HM
J Gastrointest Surg 2021 Nov;25(11):2966-2975. Epub 2021 Jun 7 doi: 10.1007/s11605-021-05048-4. PMID: 34100248Free PMC Article
Intrathoracic vs Cervical Anastomosis After Totally or Hybrid Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
van Workum F, Verstegen MHP, Klarenbeek BR, Bouwense SAW, van Berge Henegouwen MI, Daams F, Gisbertz SS, Hannink G, Haveman JW, Heisterkamp J, Jansen W, Kouwenhoven EA, van Lanschot JJB, Nieuwenhuijzen GAP, van der Peet DL, Polat F, Ubels S, Wijnhoven BPL, Rovers MM, Rosman C; ICAN collaborative research group
JAMA Surg 2021 Jul 1;156(7):601-610. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2021.1555. PMID: 33978698Free PMC Article
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced colon cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Gosavi R, Chia C, Michael M, Heriot AG, Warrier SK, Kong JC
Int J Colorectal Dis 2021 Oct;36(10):2063-2070. Epub 2021 May 4 doi: 10.1007/s00384-021-03945-3. PMID: 33945007
The role of Kono-S anastomosis and mesenteric resection in reducing recurrence after surgery for Crohn's disease: a systematic review.
Alshantti A, Hind D, Hancock L, Brown SR
Colorectal Dis 2021 Jan;23(1):7-17. Epub 2020 Jun 11 doi: 10.1111/codi.15136. PMID: 32418300

Prognosis

Anastomotic leak in colorectal cancer patients: New insights and perspectives.
Foppa C, Ng SC, Montorsi M, Spinelli A
Eur J Surg Oncol 2020 Jun;46(6):943-954. Epub 2020 Feb 24 doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2020.02.027. PMID: 32139117
Esophagojejunal anastomotic leakage following gastrectomy for gastric cancer.
Makuuchi R, Irino T, Tanizawa Y, Bando E, Kawamura T, Terashima M
Surg Today 2019 Mar;49(3):187-196. Epub 2018 Oct 13 doi: 10.1007/s00595-018-1726-8. PMID: 30317492
Predictive factors for anastomotic leakage after laparoscopic colorectal surgery.
Sciuto A, Merola G, De Palma GD, Sodo M, Pirozzi F, Bracale UM, Bracale U
World J Gastroenterol 2018 Jun 7;24(21):2247-2260. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i21.2247. PMID: 29881234Free PMC Article
Complications of pancreato-duodenectomy.
Kapoor VK
Rozhl Chir 2016 Feb;95(2):53-9. PMID: 27008166
Diverting ileostomy in colorectal surgery: when is it necessary?
Hanna MH, Vinci A, Pigazzi A
Langenbecks Arch Surg 2015 Feb;400(2):145-52. Epub 2015 Jan 30 doi: 10.1007/s00423-015-1275-1. PMID: 25633276

Clinical prediction guides

Systematic review of preoperative and intraoperative colorectal Anastomotic Leak Prediction Scores (ALPS).
Venn ML, Hooper RL, Pampiglione T, Morton DG, Nepogodiev D, Knowles CH
BMJ Open 2023 Jul 18;13(7):e073085. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073085. PMID: 37463818Free PMC Article
Treatment of anastomotic leak after oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer: large, collaborative, observational TENTACLE cohort study.
Ubels S, Verstegen MHP, Klarenbeek BR, Bouwense S, van Berge Henegouwen MI, Daams F, van Det MJ, Griffiths EA, Haveman JW, Heisterkamp J, Nieuwenhuijzen G, Polat F, Schouten J, Siersema PD, Singh P, Wijnhoven B, Hannink G, van Workum F, Rosman C; TENTACLE—Esophagus Collaborative Group
Br J Surg 2023 Jun 12;110(7):852-863. doi: 10.1093/bjs/znad123. PMID: 37196149Free PMC Article
Early and late anastomotic leak after colorectal surgery: A systematic review of the literature.
Škrabec CG, Carné AV, Pérez MC, Corral J, Pujol AF, Cuadrado M, Troya J, Ibáñez JJ, Parés D
Cir Esp (Engl Ed) 2023 Jan;101(1):3-11. Epub 2022 Jul 23 doi: 10.1016/j.cireng.2022.07.011. PMID: 35882311
Developing a new predictive index for anastomotic leak following the anastomosis of esophageal atresia: preliminary results from a single centre.
Hong SM, Chen Q, Cao H, Hong JJ, Huang JX
J Cardiothorac Surg 2022 May 28;17(1):131. doi: 10.1186/s13019-022-01878-8. PMID: 35643516Free PMC Article
Risk factors for anastomotic leakage after anterior resection for rectal cancer (RALAR study): A nationwide retrospective study of the Italian Society of Surgical Oncology Colorectal Cancer Network Collaborative Group.
Degiuli M, Elmore U, De Luca R, De Nardi P, Tomatis M, Biondi A, Persiani R, Solaini L, Rizzo G, Soriero D, Cianflocca D, Milone M, Turri G, Rega D, Delrio P, Pedrazzani C, De Palma GD, Borghi F, Scabini S, Coco C, Cavaliere D, Simone M, Rosati R, Reddavid R; collaborators from the Italian Society of Surgical Oncology Colorectal Cancer Network Collaborative Group
Colorectal Dis 2022 Mar;24(3):264-276. Epub 2021 Dec 6 doi: 10.1111/codi.15997. PMID: 34816571Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Preoperative combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation for preventing complications in elective colorectal surgery.
Willis MA, Toews I, Soltau SL, Kalff JC, Meerpohl JJ, Vilz TO
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023 Feb 7;2(2):CD014909. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD014909.pub2. PMID: 36748942Free PMC Article
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced colon cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Gosavi R, Chia C, Michael M, Heriot AG, Warrier SK, Kong JC
Int J Colorectal Dis 2021 Oct;36(10):2063-2070. Epub 2021 May 4 doi: 10.1007/s00384-021-03945-3. PMID: 33945007
The role of Kono-S anastomosis and mesenteric resection in reducing recurrence after surgery for Crohn's disease: a systematic review.
Alshantti A, Hind D, Hancock L, Brown SR
Colorectal Dis 2021 Jan;23(1):7-17. Epub 2020 Jun 11 doi: 10.1111/codi.15136. PMID: 32418300
Association of Mechanical Bowel Preparation and Oral Antibiotics Before Elective Colorectal Surgery With Surgical Site Infection: A Network Meta-analysis.
Toh JWT, Phan K, Hitos K, Pathma-Nathan N, El-Khoury T, Richardson AJ, Morgan G, Engel A, Ctercteko G
JAMA Netw Open 2018 Oct 5;1(6):e183226. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.3226. PMID: 30646234Free PMC Article
Reporting of complications after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a systematic review.
Alexander HC, Bartlett AS, Wells CI, Hannam JA, Moore MR, Poole GH, Merry AF
HPB (Oxford) 2018 Sep;20(9):786-794. Epub 2018 Apr 9 doi: 10.1016/j.hpb.2018.03.004. PMID: 29650299

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