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Protozoan infection

MedGen UID:: 19532
•Concept ID:: C0033740
•: Disease or Syndrome

Synonyms:	Infection, Protozoan; Infections, Protozoan; Protozoan Infection; Protozoan Infections
SNOMED CT:	Protozoosis (95896000); Protozoiasis (95896000); Protozoan infection (95896000)

Definition

An infection that is caused by protozoans. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

GTR
MeSH

CClinical test, RResearch test, OOMIM, GGeneReviews, VClinVar

CROGVProtozoan infection

Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms
- Clinical finding
  - Finding by Cause
    - Infection
      - Disease caused by parasite
        Protozoan infection
        Acanthamoeba keratitis
        Amebiasis
        Amebic dysentery
        Amebic liver abscess
        Infection by Entamoeba
        Infection caused by Blastocystis
        Babesiosis
        Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections
        Cerebral malaria
        Congenital toxoplasmosis
        Toxoplasma encephalitis
        Ciliophora infectious disease
        Balantidiasis
        Coccidiosis
        Cryptosporidiosis
        Chronic Intestinal Cryptosporidiosis
        Cyclosporiasis
        Isosporiasis
        AIDS-Related Isosporiasis
        Sarcocystosis
        Toxoplasmosis
        Adult Acquired Toxoplasmosis
        AIDS-Related Toxoplasmosis
        Ocular toxoplasmosis
        Toxoplasmosis, Animal
        Cyclosporosis
        Dientamoebiasis
        Euglenozoa Infections
        Leishmaniasis
        Cutaneous leishmaniasis
        Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis
        Visceral leishmaniasis
        Trypanosomiasis
        Human African trypanosomiasis
        Infection by Trypanosoma cruzi
        Infection by Trypanosoma equiperdum
        Trypanosomiasis, Bovine
        Giardiasis
        Infection by Theileria
        Malaria
        Blackwater fever
        Complicated malaria
        Malaria, Avian
        Plasmodium falciparum malaria
        Plasmodium malariae malaria
        Plasmodium vivax malaria
        Protozoan Infections, Animal
        Trichomoniasis
        Trichomonal vaginitis
        Trichomonas balanoposthitis
        Trichomonas cervicitis
        Trichomonas cystitis
        Trichomonas prostatitis

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Assessment of anemia and associated risk factors among children under-five years old in the West Guji Zone, southern Ethiopia: Hospital-based cross-sectional study.

Aliyo A, Jibril A
PLoS One 2022;17(7):e0270853. Epub 2022 Jul 5 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270853. PMID: 35789228 Free PMC Article

HIV-1 protease inhibitors for treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in HIV-co-infected individuals.

van Griensven J, Diro E, Lopez-Velez R, Boelaert M, Lynen L, Zijlstra E, Dujardin JC, Hailu A
Lancet Infect Dis 2013 Mar;13(3):251-9. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70348-1. PMID: 23427890

Treatment of visceral leishmaniasis: a review of current treatment practices.

Marty P, Rosenthal E
Expert Opin Pharmacother 2002 Aug;3(8):1101-8. doi: 10.1517/14656566.3.8.1101. PMID: 12150689

See all (8)

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Association between allergic sensitization and intestinal parasite infection in schoolchildren in Gqeberha, South Africa.

Brandt O, Wegenstein B, Müller I, Smith D, Nqweniso S, Adams L, Müller S, du Randt R, Pühse U, Gerber M, Navarini AA, Utzinger J, Labhardt ND, Schindler C, Walter C
Clin Exp Allergy 2022 May;52(5):670-683. Epub 2022 Mar 2 doi: 10.1111/cea.14100. PMID: 35073608 Free PMC Article

Innate Lymphoid Cells in Protection, Pathology, and Adaptive Immunity During Apicomplexan Infection.

Ivanova DL, Denton SL, Fettel KD, Sondgeroth KS, Munoz Gutierrez J, Bangoura B, Dunay IR, Gigley JP
Front Immunol 2019;10:196. Epub 2019 Feb 28 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00196. PMID: 30873151 Free PMC Article

The therapeutic strategies against Naegleria fowleri.

Bellini NK, Santos TM, da Silva MTA, Thiemann OH
Exp Parasitol 2018 Apr;187:1-11. Epub 2018 Mar 1 doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2018.02.010. PMID: 29501696

Leishmaniasis in travelers: a literature review.

Mansueto P, Seidita A, Vitale G, Cascio A
Travel Med Infect Dis 2014 Nov-Dec;12(6 Pt A):563-81. Epub 2014 Sep 28 doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2014.09.007. PMID: 25287721

Malaria.

Stanley J
Emerg Med Clin North Am 1997 Feb;15(1):113-55. doi: 10.1016/s0733-8627(05)70288-1. PMID: 9056573

See all (71)

Diagnosis

The therapeutic strategies against Naegleria fowleri.

Bellini NK, Santos TM, da Silva MTA, Thiemann OH
Exp Parasitol 2018 Apr;187:1-11. Epub 2018 Mar 1 doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2018.02.010. PMID: 29501696

Rarely seen infections.

Amer M, Amer A
Clin Dermatol 2014 Nov-Dec;32(6):744-51. Epub 2014 Mar 2 doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2014.02.013. PMID: 25441467

Granulomatous lymphadenitis.

Asano S
J Clin Exp Hematop 2012;52(1):1-16. doi: 10.3960/jslrt.52.1. PMID: 22706525

Malaria.

Stanley J
Emerg Med Clin North Am 1997 Feb;15(1):113-55. doi: 10.1016/s0733-8627(05)70288-1. PMID: 9056573

Giardiasis.

Jones JE
Prim Care 1991 Mar;18(1):43-52. PMID: 2011641

See all (80)

Therapy

The therapeutic strategies against Naegleria fowleri.

Bellini NK, Santos TM, da Silva MTA, Thiemann OH
Exp Parasitol 2018 Apr;187:1-11. Epub 2018 Mar 1 doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2018.02.010. PMID: 29501696

Pharmacotherapy for leishmaniasis in the United States: focus on miltefosine.

Vakil NH, Fujinami N, Shah PJ
Pharmacotherapy 2015 May;35(5):536-45. Epub 2015 May 4 doi: 10.1002/phar.1585. PMID: 25940658

Leishmaniasis in rheumatology, haematology and oncology: epidemiological, immunological and clinical aspects and caveats.

Bogdan C
Ann Rheum Dis 2012 Apr;71 Suppl 2:i60-6. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-200596. PMID: 22460140

Visceral leishmaniasis: experimental models for drug discovery.

Gupta S; Nishi
Indian J Med Res 2011 Jan;133(1):27-39. PMID: 21321417 Free PMC Article

Malaria.

Stanley J
Emerg Med Clin North Am 1997 Feb;15(1):113-55. doi: 10.1016/s0733-8627(05)70288-1. PMID: 9056573

See all (38)

Prognosis

Cerebral malaria--clinical manifestations and pathogenesis.

Hora R, Kapoor P, Thind KK, Mishra PC
Metab Brain Dis 2016 Apr;31(2):225-37. Epub 2016 Jan 8 doi: 10.1007/s11011-015-9787-5. PMID: 26746434

Rarely seen infections.

Amer M, Amer A
Clin Dermatol 2014 Nov-Dec;32(6):744-51. Epub 2014 Mar 2 doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2014.02.013. PMID: 25441467

A screen-and-treat strategy targeting visceral leishmaniasis in HIV-infected individuals in endemic East African countries: the way forward?

van Griensven J, Diro E, Lopez-Velez R, Ritmeijer K, Boelaert M, Zijlstra EE, Hailu A, Lynen L
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014 Aug;8(8):e3011. Epub 2014 Aug 7 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003011. PMID: 25101627 Free PMC Article

Granulomatous lymphadenitis.

Asano S
J Clin Exp Hematop 2012;52(1):1-16. doi: 10.3960/jslrt.52.1. PMID: 22706525

Prevention of transfusional Trypanosoma cruzi infection in Latin America.

Schmunis GA
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1999;94 Suppl 1:93-101. doi: 10.1590/s0074-02761999000700010. PMID: 10677696

See all (24)

Clinical prediction guides

Dermoscopic evaluation of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Al-Dhalimi MA, Jasim SH
Arch Dermatol Res 2023 Apr;315(3):531-540. Epub 2022 Sep 26 doi: 10.1007/s00403-022-02387-3. PMID: 36163392

Machine learning-based risk factor analysis and prevalence prediction of intestinal parasitic infections using epidemiological survey data.

Zafar A, Attia Z, Tesfaye M, Walelign S, Wordofa M, Abera D, Desta K, Tsegaye A, Ay A, Taye B
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022 Jun;16(6):e0010517. Epub 2022 Jun 14 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010517. PMID: 35700192 Free PMC Article

Lipid Droplet, a Key Player in Host-Parasite Interactions.

Vallochi AL, Teixeira L, Oliveira KDS, Maya-Monteiro CM, Bozza PT
Front Immunol 2018;9:1022. Epub 2018 May 23 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01022. PMID: 29875768 Free PMC Article

Cerebral malaria--clinical manifestations and pathogenesis.

Hora R, Kapoor P, Thind KK, Mishra PC
Metab Brain Dis 2016 Apr;31(2):225-37. Epub 2016 Jan 8 doi: 10.1007/s11011-015-9787-5. PMID: 26746434

Granulomatous lymphadenitis.

Asano S
J Clin Exp Hematop 2012;52(1):1-16. doi: 10.3960/jslrt.52.1. PMID: 22706525

See all (29)