U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Neoplasm, Uncertain Whether Benign or Malignant

MedGen UID:
195599
•Concept ID:
C0677041
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Neoplasm, uncertain whether benign or malignant; Tumor, borderline malignancy; Tumor, uncertain whether benign or malignant; Unclassified tumor, borderline malignancy
SNOMED CT: Tumor, uncertain whether benign or malignant (86251006); Neoplasm, uncertain whether benign or malignant (86251006); Unclassified tumor, borderline malignancy (86251006); Tumor, borderline malignancy (86251006)

Definition

A neoplasm which, on morphologic grounds, can not be classified with certainty as benign or malignant. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVNeoplasm, Uncertain Whether Benign or Malignant

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Metastatic colorectal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.
Cervantes A, Adam R, Roselló S, Arnold D, Normanno N, Taïeb J, Seligmann J, De Baere T, Osterlund P, Yoshino T, Martinelli E; ESMO Guidelines Committee. Electronic address: clinicalguidelines@esmo.org
Ann Oncol 2023 Jan;34(1):10-32. Epub 2022 Oct 25 doi: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.003. PMID: 36307056
Gastric cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.
Lordick F, Carneiro F, Cascinu S, Fleitas T, Haustermans K, Piessen G, Vogel A, Smyth EC; ESMO Guidelines Committee. Electronic address: clinicalguidelines@esmo.org
Ann Oncol 2022 Oct;33(10):1005-1020. Epub 2022 Jul 29 doi: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.004. PMID: 35914639
Diagnosis and treatment of hyperprolactinemia: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline.
Melmed S, Casanueva FF, Hoffman AR, Kleinberg DL, Montori VM, Schlechte JA, Wass JA; Endocrine Society
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011 Feb;96(2):273-88. doi: 10.1210/jc.2010-1692. PMID: 21296991

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Surgical treatment of fibroids for subfertility.
Metwally M, Raybould G, Cheong YC, Horne AW
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020 Jan 29;1(1):CD003857. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003857.pub4. PMID: 31995657Free PMC Article
Melanoma progression.
Elder DE
Pathology 2016 Feb;48(2):147-54. Epub 2016 Jan 16 doi: 10.1016/j.pathol.2015.12.002. PMID: 27020387
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound using SonoVue® (sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles) compared with contrast-enhanced computed tomography and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for the characterisation of focal liver lesions and detection of liver metastases: a systematic review and cost-effectiveness analysis.
Westwood M, Joore M, Grutters J, Redekop K, Armstrong N, Lee K, Gloy V, Raatz H, Misso K, Severens J, Kleijnen J
Health Technol Assess 2013 Apr;17(16):1-243. doi: 10.3310/hta17160. PMID: 23611316Free PMC Article
Ollier disease.
Silve C, Jüppner H
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2006 Sep 22;1:37. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-1-37. PMID: 16995932Free PMC Article
Cancer precursors.
Fitzgerald DA
Semin Cutan Med Surg 1998 Jun;17(2):108-13. doi: 10.1016/s1085-5629(98)80004-7. PMID: 9669604

Diagnosis

Cholangiocarcinoma.
Khan AS, Dageforde LA
Surg Clin North Am 2019 Apr;99(2):315-335. Epub 2019 Feb 10 doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2018.12.004. PMID: 30846037
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound using SonoVue® (sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles) compared with contrast-enhanced computed tomography and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for the characterisation of focal liver lesions and detection of liver metastases: a systematic review and cost-effectiveness analysis.
Westwood M, Joore M, Grutters J, Redekop K, Armstrong N, Lee K, Gloy V, Raatz H, Misso K, Severens J, Kleijnen J
Health Technol Assess 2013 Apr;17(16):1-243. doi: 10.3310/hta17160. PMID: 23611316Free PMC Article
Malignant pericardial effusion.
Burazor I, Imazio M, Markel G, Adler Y
Cardiology 2013;124(4):224-32. Epub 2013 Apr 5 doi: 10.1159/000348559. PMID: 23571453
Ollier disease.
Silve C, Jüppner H
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2006 Sep 22;1:37. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-1-37. PMID: 16995932Free PMC Article
Cancer precursors.
Fitzgerald DA
Semin Cutan Med Surg 1998 Jun;17(2):108-13. doi: 10.1016/s1085-5629(98)80004-7. PMID: 9669604

Therapy

What to do When Decompressive Gastrostomies and Jejunostomies are not Options? A Scoping Review of Transesophageal Gastrostomy Tubes for Advanced Malignancies.
Zhu C, Platoff R, Ghobrial G, Saddemi J, Evangelisti T, Bucher E, Saracco B, Adams A, Kripalani S, Atabek U, Spitz FR, Hong YK
Ann Surg Oncol 2022 Jan;29(1):262-271. Epub 2021 Sep 21 doi: 10.1245/s10434-021-10667-x. PMID: 34546480
Clinical Trials in the Genomic Era.
Joffe E, Iasonos A, Younes A
J Clin Oncol 2017 Mar 20;35(9):1011-1017. Epub 2017 Feb 13 doi: 10.1200/JCO.2016.70.8891. PMID: 28297622Free PMC Article
Clinical trials.
Giacinti L, Lopez M, Giordano A
Front Biosci 2006 Sep 1;11:2918-23. doi: 10.2741/2020. PMID: 16720363
Therapeutic studies.
Rubinstein LV
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2000 Aug;14(4):849-76, ix. doi: 10.1016/s0889-8588(05)70315-4. PMID: 10949777
Clinical trials.
Blichert-Toft M, Mouridsen H, Andersen KW
Semin Surg Oncol 1996 Jan-Feb;12(1):32-8. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2388(199601/02)12:1<32::AID-SSU5>3.0.CO;2-7. PMID: 8821407

Prognosis

Cancer Statistics, 2021.
Siegel RL, Miller KD, Fuchs HE, Jemal A
CA Cancer J Clin 2021 Jan;71(1):7-33. Epub 2021 Jan 12 doi: 10.3322/caac.21654. PMID: 33433946
Progress in cancer mortality, incidence, and survival: a global overview.
Santucci C, Carioli G, Bertuccio P, Malvezzi M, Pastorino U, Boffetta P, Negri E, Bosetti C, La Vecchia C
Eur J Cancer Prev 2020 Sep;29(5):367-381. doi: 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000594. PMID: 32740162
Cancer Incidence and Trends.
Hulvat MC
Surg Clin North Am 2020 Jun;100(3):469-481. Epub 2020 Mar 27 doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2020.01.002. PMID: 32402294
Global Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates and Trends--An Update.
Torre LA, Siegel RL, Ward EM, Jemal A
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016 Jan;25(1):16-27. Epub 2015 Dec 14 doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-15-0578. PMID: 26667886
Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012.
Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Dikshit R, Eser S, Mathers C, Rebelo M, Parkin DM, Forman D, Bray F
Int J Cancer 2015 Mar 1;136(5):E359-86. Epub 2014 Oct 9 doi: 10.1002/ijc.29210. PMID: 25220842

Clinical prediction guides

The Frontiers of Appendiceal Controversies: Mucinous Neoplasms and Pseudomyxoma Peritonei.
Hissong E, Yantiss RK
Am J Surg Pathol 2022 Jan 1;46(1):e27-e42. doi: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000001662. PMID: 33417324
Prospective assessment of breast cancer risk from multimodal multiview ultrasound images via clinically applicable deep learning.
Qian X, Pei J, Zheng H, Xie X, Yan L, Zhang H, Han C, Gao X, Zhang H, Zheng W, Sun Q, Lu L, Shung KK
Nat Biomed Eng 2021 Jun;5(6):522-532. Epub 2021 Apr 19 doi: 10.1038/s41551-021-00711-2. PMID: 33875840
Automated deep-learning system for Gleason grading of prostate cancer using biopsies: a diagnostic study.
Bulten W, Pinckaers H, van Boven H, Vink R, de Bel T, van Ginneken B, van der Laak J, Hulsbergen-van de Kaa C, Litjens G
Lancet Oncol 2020 Feb;21(2):233-241. Epub 2020 Jan 8 doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30739-9. PMID: 31926805
Cancer taxonomy: pathology beyond pathology.
Salto-Tellez M, Cree IA
Eur J Cancer 2019 Jul;115:57-60. Epub 2019 May 17 doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2019.03.026. PMID: 31108243
Update in adrenocortical carcinoma.
Fassnacht M, Kroiss M, Allolio B
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013 Dec;98(12):4551-64. Epub 2013 Sep 30 doi: 10.1210/jc.2013-3020. PMID: 24081734

Recent systematic reviews

Treatment of Hypercalcemia of Malignancy in Adults: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline.
El-Hajj Fuleihan G, Clines GA, Hu MI, Marcocci C, Murad MH, Piggott T, Van Poznak C, Wu JY, Drake MT
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023 Feb 15;108(3):507-528. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgac621. PMID: 36545746
CAR-T cell therapy for patients with hematological malignancies. A systematic review.
Pasqui DM, Latorraca CDOC, Pacheco RL, Riera R
Eur J Haematol 2022 Dec;109(6):601-618. Epub 2022 Sep 18 doi: 10.1111/ejh.13851. PMID: 36018500
Malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast: a systematic review.
Lissidini G, Mulè A, Santoro A, Papa G, Nicosia L, Cassano E, Ashoor AA, Veronesi P, Pantanowitz L, Hornick JL, Rossi ED
Pathologica 2022 Apr;114(2):111-120. Epub 2022 Apr 13 doi: 10.32074/1591-951X-754. PMID: 35414723Free PMC Article
Surgical treatment of fibroids for subfertility.
Metwally M, Raybould G, Cheong YC, Horne AW
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020 Jan 29;1(1):CD003857. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003857.pub4. PMID: 31995657Free PMC Article
Oral potentially malignant disorders: A comprehensive review on clinical aspects and management.
Warnakulasuriya S
Oral Oncol 2020 Mar;102:104550. Epub 2020 Jan 22 doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.104550. PMID: 31981993

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Related information

    • PMC Articles
      Related information in PubMed Central Links
    • PubMed
      Related literature resources in PubMed

    Recent activity

    Clear Turn Off Turn On

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...