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Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)

MedGen UID:
21345
•Concept ID:
C0038436
•
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Synonym: PTSD
SNOMED CT: Traumatic neurosis (47505003); PTSD - Post-traumatic stress disorder (47505003); Post-traumatic stress syndrome (47505003); Post-traumatic stress disorder (47505003); Posttraumatic stress disorder (47505003)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0005146

Definition

An anxiety disorder precipitated by an experience of intense fear or horror while exposed to a traumatic (especially life-threatening) event. The disorder is characterized by intrusive recurring thoughts or images of the traumatic event; avoidance of anything associated with the event; a state of hyperarousal and diminished emotional responsiveness. These symptoms are present for at least one month and the disorder is usually long-term. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVPost-traumatic stress disorder

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Post-dural puncture headache diagnosis and management.
Vallejo MC, Zakowski MI
Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2022 May;36(1):179-189. Epub 2022 Jan 25 doi: 10.1016/j.bpa.2022.01.002. PMID: 35659954
A Review of PTSD and Current Treatment Strategies.
Schrader C, Ross A
Mo Med 2021 Nov-Dec;118(6):546-551. PMID: 34924624Free PMC Article
Long covid-mechanisms, risk factors, and management.
Crook H, Raza S, Nowell J, Young M, Edison P
BMJ 2021 Jul 26;374:n1648. doi: 10.1136/bmj.n1648. PMID: 34312178

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

A Review on Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Symptoms, Therapies and Recent Case Studies.
Thakur A, Choudhary D, Kumar B, Chaudhary A
Curr Mol Pharmacol 2022;15(3):502-516. doi: 10.2174/1874467214666210525160944. PMID: 34036925
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Following Acute Delirium.
Bolton C, Thilges S, Lane C, Lowe J, Mumby P
J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2021 Mar;28(1):31-39. doi: 10.1007/s10880-019-09689-1. PMID: 31823162
Preventing post-traumatic stress disorder following childbirth and traumatic birth experiences: a systematic review.
de Graaff LF, Honig A, van Pampus MG, Stramrood CAI
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2018 Jun;97(6):648-656. Epub 2018 Mar 2 doi: 10.1111/aogs.13291. PMID: 29336486
Anxiety.
Dean E
Nurs Stand 2016 Jul 13;30(46):15. doi: 10.7748/ns.30.46.15.s17. PMID: 27406490
Prevention of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder After Trauma: Current Evidence and Future Directions.
Qi W, Gevonden M, Shalev A
Curr Psychiatry Rep 2016 Feb;18(2):20. doi: 10.1007/s11920-015-0655-0. PMID: 26800995Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder.
Merians AN, Spiller T, Harpaz-Rotem I, Krystal JH, Pietrzak RH
Med Clin North Am 2023 Jan;107(1):85-99. Epub 2022 Oct 28 doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2022.04.003. PMID: 36402502
Complex post-traumatic stress disorder.
Maercker A, Cloitre M, Bachem R, Schlumpf YR, Khoury B, Hitchcock C, Bohus M
Lancet 2022 Jul 2;400(10345):60-72. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00821-2. PMID: 35780794
A Review on Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Symptoms, Therapies and Recent Case Studies.
Thakur A, Choudhary D, Kumar B, Chaudhary A
Curr Mol Pharmacol 2022;15(3):502-516. doi: 10.2174/1874467214666210525160944. PMID: 34036925
Prevention of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder After Trauma: Current Evidence and Future Directions.
Qi W, Gevonden M, Shalev A
Curr Psychiatry Rep 2016 Feb;18(2):20. doi: 10.1007/s11920-015-0655-0. PMID: 26800995Free PMC Article
Post-traumatic stress disorder: theory and treatment update.
Kirkpatrick HA, Heller GM
Int J Psychiatry Med 2014;47(4):337-46. doi: 10.2190/PM.47.4.h. PMID: 25084856

Therapy

Long covid-mechanisms, risk factors, and management.
Crook H, Raza S, Nowell J, Young M, Edison P
BMJ 2021 Jul 26;374:n1648. doi: 10.1136/bmj.n1648. PMID: 34312178
Psychedelic drugs-a new era in
psychiatry?
.
Nutt D
Dialogues Clin Neurosci 2019;21(2):139-147. doi: 10.31887/DCNS.2019.21.2/dnutt. PMID: 31636488Free PMC Article
Trial of Prazosin for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Military Veterans.
Raskind MA, Peskind ER, Chow B, Harris C, Davis-Karim A, Holmes HA, Hart KL, McFall M, Mellman TA, Reist C, Romesser J, Rosenheck R, Shih MC, Stein MB, Swift R, Gleason T, Lu Y, Huang GD
N Engl J Med 2018 Feb 8;378(6):507-517. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1507598. PMID: 29414272
25 years of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR): The EMDR therapy protocol, hypotheses of its mechanism of action and a systematic review of its efficacy in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder.
Novo Navarro P, Landin-Romero R, Guardiola-Wanden-Berghe R, Moreno-Alcázar A, Valiente-Gómez A, Lupo W, García F, Fernández I, Pérez V, Amann BL
Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment (Engl Ed) 2018 Apr-Jun;11(2):101-114. Epub 2016 Feb 11 doi: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2015.12.002. PMID: 26877093
Psychological therapies for chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults.
Bisson JI, Roberts NP, Andrew M, Cooper R, Lewis C
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013 Dec 13;2013(12):CD003388. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003388.pub4. PMID: 24338345Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Long covid-mechanisms, risk factors, and management.
Crook H, Raza S, Nowell J, Young M, Edison P
BMJ 2021 Jul 26;374:n1648. doi: 10.1136/bmj.n1648. PMID: 34312178
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Severe Maternal Morbidity.
Small MJ, Gondwe KW, Brown HL
Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2020 Sep;47(3):453-461. Epub 2020 May 31 doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2020.04.004. PMID: 32762930
EMDR therapy in children and adolescents who have post-traumatic stress disorder: a six-week follow-up study.
Karadag M, Gokcen C, Sarp AS
Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract 2020 Mar;24(1):77-82. Epub 2019 Oct 30 doi: 10.1080/13651501.2019.1682171. PMID: 31663396
Post-traumatic stress disorder and cardiovascular disease.
Edmondson D, von Känel R
Lancet Psychiatry 2017 Apr;4(4):320-329. Epub 2017 Jan 19 doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30377-7. PMID: 28109646Free PMC Article
Intensive care diaries reduce new onset post traumatic stress disorder following critical illness: a randomised, controlled trial.
Jones C, Bäckman C, Capuzzo M, Egerod I, Flaatten H, Granja C, Rylander C, Griffiths RD; RACHEL group
Crit Care 2010;14(5):R168. Epub 2010 Sep 15 doi: 10.1186/cc9260. PMID: 20843344Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Among U.S. Army Drone Operators.
Nelson DA, Wilson M, Kurina LM
Aerosp Med Hum Perform 2022 Jul 1;93(7):562-570. doi: 10.3357/AMHP.6016.2022. PMID: 35859303
Post-traumatic stress disorder following childbirth.
Ertan D, Hingray C, Burlacu E, Sterlé A, El-Hage W
BMC Psychiatry 2021 Mar 16;21(1):155. doi: 10.1186/s12888-021-03158-6. PMID: 33726703Free PMC Article
Trial of Prazosin for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Military Veterans.
Raskind MA, Peskind ER, Chow B, Harris C, Davis-Karim A, Holmes HA, Hart KL, McFall M, Mellman TA, Reist C, Romesser J, Rosenheck R, Shih MC, Stein MB, Swift R, Gleason T, Lu Y, Huang GD
N Engl J Med 2018 Feb 8;378(6):507-517. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1507598. PMID: 29414272
Post-traumatic stress disorder and cardiometabolic disease: improving causal inference to inform practice.
Koenen KC, Sumner JA, Gilsanz P, Glymour MM, Ratanatharathorn A, Rimm EB, Roberts AL, Winning A, Kubzansky LD
Psychol Med 2017 Jan;47(2):209-225. Epub 2016 Oct 4 doi: 10.1017/S0033291716002294. PMID: 27697083Free PMC Article
Literature review of post-traumatic stress disorder in the critical care population.
Morrissey M, Collier E
J Clin Nurs 2016 Jun;25(11-12):1501-14. Epub 2016 Apr 24 doi: 10.1111/jocn.13138. PMID: 27108662

Recent systematic reviews

Psychiatric and neuropsychiatric sequelae of COVID-19 - A systematic review.
Schou TM, Joca S, Wegener G, Bay-Richter C
Brain Behav Immun 2021 Oct;97:328-348. Epub 2021 Jul 30 doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.07.018. PMID: 34339806Free PMC Article
Prevalence of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder in health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Li Y, Scherer N, Felix L, Kuper H
PLoS One 2021;16(3):e0246454. Epub 2021 Mar 10 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246454. PMID: 33690641Free PMC Article
Cannabinoids for the treatment of mental disorders and symptoms of mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Black N, Stockings E, Campbell G, Tran LT, Zagic D, Hall WD, Farrell M, Degenhardt L
Lancet Psychiatry 2019 Dec;6(12):995-1010. Epub 2019 Oct 28 doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(19)30401-8. PMID: 31672337Free PMC Article
The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder in pregnancy and after birth: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Yildiz PD, Ayers S, Phillips L
J Affect Disord 2017 Jan 15;208:634-645. Epub 2016 Oct 27 doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.10.009. PMID: 27865585
Psychological therapies for chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults.
Bisson JI, Roberts NP, Andrew M, Cooper R, Lewis C
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013 Dec 13;2013(12):CD003388. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003388.pub4. PMID: 24338345Free PMC Article

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