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Benign Thymoma

MedGen UID:
21539
•Concept ID:
C0040101
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Benign thymoma; Thymoma, benign
SNOMED CT: Benign thymoma (21181001); Thymoma, benign (21181001); Benign thymoma (784307009)

Definition

A thymoma that is completely surrounded by a capsule, without evidence of capsular invasion, infiltration of the surrounding tissues, and metastases. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVBenign Thymoma

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Pathophysiology and human cancer risk assessment of pharmaceutical-induced thymoma in carcinogenicity studies.
Radi ZA, Khan N
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023 May 1;466:116471. Epub 2023 Mar 17 doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116471. PMID: 36934859
Differential diagnosis of thymic epithelial neoplasms on computed tomography using the diameter of the thymic vein.
Sakamoto N, Kurokawa R, Watadani T, Morikawa T, Nakaya M, Cho S, Fujita N, Kamio S, Koyama H, Suzuki S, Yamada H, Abe O, Gonoi W
Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Nov 19;100(46):e27942. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000027942. PMID: 34797351Free PMC Article
Treatment and prognosis of thymoma: a review of 25 cases.
Appelqvist P, Kostiainen S, Franssila K, Mattila S, Gröhn P
J Surg Oncol 1982 Aug;20(4):265-8. doi: 10.1002/jso.2930200417. PMID: 7109631

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Pathophysiology and human cancer risk assessment of pharmaceutical-induced thymoma in carcinogenicity studies.
Radi ZA, Khan N
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023 May 1;466:116471. Epub 2023 Mar 17 doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116471. PMID: 36934859
Differential diagnosis of thymic epithelial neoplasms on computed tomography using the diameter of the thymic vein.
Sakamoto N, Kurokawa R, Watadani T, Morikawa T, Nakaya M, Cho S, Fujita N, Kamio S, Koyama H, Suzuki S, Yamada H, Abe O, Gonoi W
Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Nov 19;100(46):e27942. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000027942. PMID: 34797351Free PMC Article
Thoracoscopic resection of bulky intrathoracic benign lesions.
Gossot D, Izquierdo RR, Girard P, Stern JB, Magdeleinat P
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2007 Dec;32(6):848-51. Epub 2007 Oct 29 doi: 10.1016/j.ejcts.2007.09.003. PMID: 17913504
Multimodality treatment of thymoma: a prospective study.
Venuta F, Rendina EA, Pescarmona EO, De Giacomo T, Vegna ML, Fazi P, Flaishman I, Guarino E, Ricci C
Ann Thorac Surg 1997 Dec;64(6):1585-91; discussion 1591-2. doi: 10.1016/s0003-4975(97)00629-2. PMID: 9436540
Treatment and prognosis of thymoma: a review of 25 cases.
Appelqvist P, Kostiainen S, Franssila K, Mattila S, Gröhn P
J Surg Oncol 1982 Aug;20(4):265-8. doi: 10.1002/jso.2930200417. PMID: 7109631

Diagnosis

Differential diagnosis of thymic epithelial neoplasms on computed tomography using the diameter of the thymic vein.
Sakamoto N, Kurokawa R, Watadani T, Morikawa T, Nakaya M, Cho S, Fujita N, Kamio S, Koyama H, Suzuki S, Yamada H, Abe O, Gonoi W
Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Nov 19;100(46):e27942. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000027942. PMID: 34797351Free PMC Article
Thoracoscopic resection of bulky intrathoracic benign lesions.
Gossot D, Izquierdo RR, Girard P, Stern JB, Magdeleinat P
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2007 Dec;32(6):848-51. Epub 2007 Oct 29 doi: 10.1016/j.ejcts.2007.09.003. PMID: 17913504
Image-guided 25-gauge needle biopsy for thoracic lesions: diagnostic feasibility and safety.
vanSonnenberg E, Goodacre BW, Wittich GR, Logrono R, Kennedy PT, Zwischenberger JB
Radiology 2003 May;227(2):414-8. Epub 2003 Mar 27 doi: 10.1148/radiol.2272011416. PMID: 12663819
Expression of MHC class II-associated invariant chain (Ii;CD74) in thymic epithelial neoplasms.
Datta MW, Shahsafaei A, Nadler LM, Freeman GJ, Dorfman DM
Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2000 Sep;8(3):210-5. doi: 10.1097/00129039-200009000-00007. PMID: 10981873
Thymic carcinomas, but not thymomas and carcinomas of other sites, show CD5 immunoreactivity.
Dorfman DM, Shahsafaei A, Chan JK
Am J Surg Pathol 1997 Aug;21(8):936-40. doi: 10.1097/00000478-199708000-00008. PMID: 9255257

Therapy

Pathophysiology and human cancer risk assessment of pharmaceutical-induced thymoma in carcinogenicity studies.
Radi ZA, Khan N
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023 May 1;466:116471. Epub 2023 Mar 17 doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116471. PMID: 36934859
Mediastinal mass: to resect or not to resect?
Simons A, Finnerty J, Wilson M
BMJ Case Rep 2015 Apr 21;2015 doi: 10.1136/bcr-2015-209962. PMID: 25899515Free PMC Article
Long-term prognostic analysis of thymectomized patients with myasthenia gravis.
Liu W, Tong T, Ji Z, Zhang Z
Chin Med J (Engl) 2002 Feb;115(2):235-7. doi: 10.3901/jme.2002.supp.235. PMID: 11940339
Successful treatment of thymoma-associated pure red cell aplasia with intravenous immunoglobulins.
Larroche C, Mouthon L, Casadevall N, Le Roux G, Casassus P, Guillevin L
Eur J Haematol 2000 Jul;65(1):74-6. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0609.2000.9c212.x. PMID: 10914943
Pemphigus erythematosus and thymoma.
Uhlin SR, Maiocco KJ, Bhatia SG
Cutis 1980 Feb;25(2):177-9, 182. PMID: 7357885

Prognosis

Differential diagnosis of thymic epithelial neoplasms on computed tomography using the diameter of the thymic vein.
Sakamoto N, Kurokawa R, Watadani T, Morikawa T, Nakaya M, Cho S, Fujita N, Kamio S, Koyama H, Suzuki S, Yamada H, Abe O, Gonoi W
Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Nov 19;100(46):e27942. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000027942. PMID: 34797351Free PMC Article
Long-term prognostic analysis of thymectomized patients with myasthenia gravis.
Liu W, Tong T, Ji Z, Zhang Z
Chin Med J (Engl) 2002 Feb;115(2):235-7. doi: 10.3901/jme.2002.supp.235. PMID: 11940339
Multimodality treatment of thymoma: a prospective study.
Venuta F, Rendina EA, Pescarmona EO, De Giacomo T, Vegna ML, Fazi P, Flaishman I, Guarino E, Ricci C
Ann Thorac Surg 1997 Dec;64(6):1585-91; discussion 1591-2. doi: 10.1016/s0003-4975(97)00629-2. PMID: 9436540
Treatment and prognosis of thymoma: a review of 25 cases.
Appelqvist P, Kostiainen S, Franssila K, Mattila S, Gröhn P
J Surg Oncol 1982 Aug;20(4):265-8. doi: 10.1002/jso.2930200417. PMID: 7109631
Thymoma: clinicopathologic features, therapy, and prognosis.
Hara N, Yoshida T, Furukawa T, Inokuchi K
Jpn J Surg 1980 Sep;10(3):232-7. doi: 10.1007/BF02468753. PMID: 7218600

Clinical prediction guides

Pathophysiology and human cancer risk assessment of pharmaceutical-induced thymoma in carcinogenicity studies.
Radi ZA, Khan N
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023 May 1;466:116471. Epub 2023 Mar 17 doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116471. PMID: 36934859
Differential diagnosis of thymic epithelial neoplasms on computed tomography using the diameter of the thymic vein.
Sakamoto N, Kurokawa R, Watadani T, Morikawa T, Nakaya M, Cho S, Fujita N, Kamio S, Koyama H, Suzuki S, Yamada H, Abe O, Gonoi W
Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Nov 19;100(46):e27942. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000027942. PMID: 34797351Free PMC Article
Predictors of survival following surgical resection of thymoma.
McCart JA, Gaspar L, Inculet R, Casson AG
J Surg Oncol 1993 Dec;54(4):233-8. doi: 10.1002/jso.2930540409. PMID: 8255084
Thymus in myasthenia gravis. Isolation of T-lymphocyte lines specific for the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor from thymuses of myasthenic patients.
Melms A, Schalke BC, Kirchner T, Müller-Hermelink HK, Albert E, Wekerle H
J Clin Invest 1988 Mar;81(3):902-8. doi: 10.1172/JCI113401. PMID: 2449461Free PMC Article
Treatment and prognosis of thymoma: a review of 25 cases.
Appelqvist P, Kostiainen S, Franssila K, Mattila S, Gröhn P
J Surg Oncol 1982 Aug;20(4):265-8. doi: 10.1002/jso.2930200417. PMID: 7109631

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