U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Trichotillomania(TTM)

MedGen UID:
21654
Concept ID:
C0040953
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Synonym: Hair-pulling
SNOMED CT: Trichotillomania (17155009); Hair plucking (17155009); Trichologia (17155009)
 
Gene (location): SLITRK1 (13q31.1)
 
HPO: HP:0012167
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0013189
OMIM®: 613229

Definition

Trichotillomania (TTM) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by chronic, repetitive, or compulsive hair pulling resulting in noticeable hair loss. The activity causes distress to the individual and often interferes with functioning. Affected individuals may develop physical complications and often have overlapping psychologic disorders, such as Tourette syndrome (GTS; 137580) or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD; 164230) (review by Novak et al., 2009). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Trichotillomania
MedGen UID:
21654
Concept ID:
C0040953
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Trichotillomania (TTM) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by chronic, repetitive, or compulsive hair pulling resulting in noticeable hair loss. The activity causes distress to the individual and often interferes with functioning. Affected individuals may develop physical complications and often have overlapping psychologic disorders, such as Tourette syndrome (GTS; 137580) or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD; 164230) (review by Novak et al., 2009).
Compulsive behaviors
MedGen UID:
109373
Concept ID:
C0600104
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Behavior that consists of repetitive acts, characterized by the feeling that one "has to" perform them, while being aware that these acts are not in line with one's overall goal.
Alopecia
MedGen UID:
7982
Concept ID:
C0002170
Finding
A noncongenital process of hair loss, which may progress to partial or complete baldness.

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVTrichotillomania

Conditions with this feature

Trichotillomania
MedGen UID:
21654
Concept ID:
C0040953
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Trichotillomania (TTM) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by chronic, repetitive, or compulsive hair pulling resulting in noticeable hair loss. The activity causes distress to the individual and often interferes with functioning. Affected individuals may develop physical complications and often have overlapping psychologic disorders, such as Tourette syndrome (GTS; 137580) or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD; 164230) (review by Novak et al., 2009).
Intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 38
MedGen UID:
895359
Concept ID:
C4225343
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EEF1A2 gene.
Intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal dominant 71, with behavioral abnormalities
MedGen UID:
1841073
Concept ID:
C5830437
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Autosomal dominant intellectual developmental disorder-71 with behavioral abnormalities (MRD71) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by global developmental delay with hypotonia, speech delay, and variably impaired cognitive development. Almost all affected individuals show marked behavioral manifestations, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), ADHD, hypersensitivity, and aggression. Many have dysmorphic features, although there is not a common gestalt (Harris et al., 2021).

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Lee DK, Lipner SR
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 May 24;19(11) doi: 10.3390/ijerph19116370. PMID: 35681955Free PMC Article
Sani G, Gualtieri I, Paolini M, Bonanni L, Spinazzola E, Maggiora M, Pinzone V, Brugnoli R, Angeletti G, Girardi P, Rapinesi C, Kotzalidis GD
Curr Neuropharmacol 2019;17(8):775-786. doi: 10.2174/1570159X17666190320164223. PMID: 30892151Free PMC Article
Phillips TG, Slomiany WP, Allison R
Am Fam Physician 2017 Sep 15;96(6):371-378. PMID: 28925637

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Grant JE, Chesivoir E, Valle S, Ehsan D, Chamberlain SR
Am J Psychiatry 2023 May 1;180(5):348-356. Epub 2023 Feb 22 doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20220737. PMID: 36856701
Lee DK, Lipner SR
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 May 24;19(11) doi: 10.3390/ijerph19116370. PMID: 35681955Free PMC Article
Grant JE, Chamberlain SR
Am J Psychiatry 2016 Sep 1;173(9):868-74. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.15111432. PMID: 27581696Free PMC Article
Rothbart R, Amos T, Siegfried N, Ipser JC, Fineberg N, Chamberlain SR, Stein DJ
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013 Nov 8;(11):CD007662. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007662.pub2. PMID: 24214100
Hautmann G, Hercogova J, Lotti T
J Am Acad Dermatol 2002 Jun;46(6):807-21; quiz 822-6. doi: 10.1067/mjd.2002.122749. PMID: 12063477

Diagnosis

Grant JE, Chesivoir E, Valle S, Ehsan D, Chamberlain SR
Am J Psychiatry 2023 May 1;180(5):348-356. Epub 2023 Feb 22 doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20220737. PMID: 36856701
Fernández-Domper L, Ballesteros-Redondo M, Vañó-Galván S
Actas Dermosifiliogr 2023 Apr;114(4):327-333. Epub 2022 Dec 24 doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2022.12.003. PMID: 36574917
Alessandrini A, Bruni F, Piraccini BM, Starace M
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021 Mar;35(3):629-640. Epub 2021 Jan 8 doi: 10.1111/jdv.17079. PMID: 33290611
Phillips TG, Slomiany WP, Allison R
Am Fam Physician 2017 Sep 15;96(6):371-378. PMID: 28925637
Grant JE, Chamberlain SR
Am J Psychiatry 2016 Sep 1;173(9):868-74. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.15111432. PMID: 27581696Free PMC Article

Therapy

Grant JE, Chesivoir E, Valle S, Ehsan D, Chamberlain SR
Am J Psychiatry 2023 May 1;180(5):348-356. Epub 2023 Feb 22 doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20220737. PMID: 36856701
Lee DK, Lipner SR
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 May 24;19(11) doi: 10.3390/ijerph19116370. PMID: 35681955Free PMC Article
Saini K, Mysore V
J Cosmet Dermatol 2021 Nov;20(11):3407-3414. Epub 2021 Sep 22 doi: 10.1111/jocd.14421. PMID: 34553483
Deepmala, Slattery J, Kumar N, Delhey L, Berk M, Dean O, Spielholz C, Frye R
Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015 Aug;55:294-321. Epub 2015 May 6 doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.04.015. PMID: 25957927
Hautmann G, Hercogova J, Lotti T
J Am Acad Dermatol 2002 Jun;46(6):807-21; quiz 822-6. doi: 10.1067/mjd.2002.122749. PMID: 12063477

Prognosis

Kinoshita-Ise M, Sachdeva M
J Dermatol 2022 Jan;49(1):4-18. Epub 2021 Nov 22 doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.16233. PMID: 34806223
Alessandrini A, Bruni F, Piraccini BM, Starace M
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021 Mar;35(3):629-640. Epub 2021 Jan 8 doi: 10.1111/jdv.17079. PMID: 33290611
Mattina GF, Slyepchenko A, Steiner M
Handb Clin Neurol 2020;175:369-386. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64123-6.00025-4. PMID: 33008538
Nwankwo CO, Jafferany M
Dermatol Ther 2019 Sep;32(5):e13073. Epub 2019 Sep 4 doi: 10.1111/dth.13073. PMID: 31444827
Mubki T, Rudnicka L, Olszewska M, Shapiro J
J Am Acad Dermatol 2014 Sep;71(3):415.e1-415.e15. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2014.04.070. PMID: 25128118

Clinical prediction guides

Grant JE, Valle S, Aslan I, Chesivoir EK, Chamberlain SR
Ann Clin Psychiatry 2023 May;35(2):87-92. doi: 10.12788/acp.0096. PMID: 37074974Free PMC Article
Grant JE, Chesivoir E, Valle S, Ehsan D, Chamberlain SR
Am J Psychiatry 2023 May 1;180(5):348-356. Epub 2023 Feb 22 doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20220737. PMID: 36856701
Lin A, Farhat LC, Flores JM, Levine JLS, Fernandez TV, Bloch MH, Olfson E
Psychiatry Res 2023 Apr;322:115120. Epub 2023 Feb 21 doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115120. PMID: 36842397Free PMC Article
Kinoshita-Ise M, Sachdeva M
J Dermatol 2022 Jan;49(1):4-18. Epub 2021 Nov 22 doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.16233. PMID: 34806223
Miteva M, Romanelli P, Tosti A
Am J Dermatopathol 2014 Jan;36(1):58-63. doi: 10.1097/DAD.0b013e3182919ac7. PMID: 23823025

Recent systematic reviews

Kinoshita-Ise M, Sachdeva M
J Dermatol 2022 Jan;49(1):4-18. Epub 2021 Nov 22 doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.16233. PMID: 34806223
Hoffman J, Williams T, Rothbart R, Ipser JC, Fineberg N, Chamberlain SR, Stein DJ
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021 Sep 28;9(9):CD007662. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007662.pub3. PMID: 34582562Free PMC Article
Sani G, Gualtieri I, Paolini M, Bonanni L, Spinazzola E, Maggiora M, Pinzone V, Brugnoli R, Angeletti G, Girardi P, Rapinesi C, Kotzalidis GD
Curr Neuropharmacol 2019;17(8):775-786. doi: 10.2174/1570159X17666190320164223. PMID: 30892151Free PMC Article
Deepmala, Slattery J, Kumar N, Delhey L, Berk M, Dean O, Spielholz C, Frye R
Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015 Aug;55:294-321. Epub 2015 May 6 doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.04.015. PMID: 25957927
Rothbart R, Amos T, Siegfried N, Ipser JC, Fineberg N, Chamberlain SR, Stein DJ
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013 Nov 8;(11):CD007662. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007662.pub2. PMID: 24214100

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Recent activity

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...