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B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

MedGen UID:
226949
•Concept ID:
C1292769
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; B Cell Precursor Type Acute Leukemia; B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma; B-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; B-Cell ALL; B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia; B-Cell Precursor Type Acute Leukemia; B-Cell Type Acute Leukemia; c-ALL; Common ALL; Common precursor B ALL; Mature B-cell leukemia Burkitt type; Pre-B ALL; Pre-pre-B ALL; precursor B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma; precursor B lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia; Precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia; Precursor B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia; precursor B-lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia; Pro-B ALL
SNOMED CT: c-ALL (128823009); Pro-B ALL (128823009); Pre-pre-B ALL (128823009); Pre-B ALL (128823009); Common precursor B ALL (128823009); Common ALL (128823009); Precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (128823009); Mature B-cell leukemia Burkitt type (277571004); B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (277571004)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0004947

Definition

The most frequent type of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Approximately 75% of cases occur in children under six years of age. This is a good prognosis leukemia. In the pediatric age group the complete remission rate is approximately 95% and the disease free survival rate is 70%. Approximately 80% of children appear to be cured. In the adult age group the complete remission rate is 60-85%. (WHO, 2001) [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Leukapheresis guidance and best practices for optimal chimeric antigen receptor T-cell manufacturing.
Qayed M, McGuirk JP, Myers GD, Parameswaran V, Waller EK, Holman P, Rodrigues M, Clough LF, Willert J
Cytotherapy 2022 Sep;24(9):869-878. Epub 2022 Jun 17 doi: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2022.05.003. PMID: 35718701
Management of adults and children receiving CAR T-cell therapy: 2021 best practice recommendations of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) and the Joint Accreditation Committee of ISCT and EBMT (JACIE) and the European Haematology Association (EHA).
Hayden PJ, Roddie C, Bader P, Basak GW, Bonig H, Bonini C, Chabannon C, Ciceri F, Corbacioglu S, Ellard R, Sanchez-Guijo F, Jäger U, Hildebrandt M, Hudecek M, Kersten MJ, Köhl U, Kuball J, Mielke S, Mohty M, Murray J, Nagler A, Rees J, Rioufol C, Saccardi R, Snowden JA, Styczynski J, Subklewe M, Thieblemont C, Topp M, Ispizua ÁU, Chen D, Vrhovac R, Gribben JG, Kröger N, Einsele H, Yakoub-Agha I
Ann Oncol 2022 Mar;33(3):259-275. Epub 2021 Dec 16 doi: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.12.003. PMID: 34923107
Clinical diagnostics and treatment strategies for Philadelphia chromosome-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Harvey RC, Tasian SK
Blood Adv 2020 Jan 14;4(1):218-228. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000163. PMID: 31935290Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Genetic Biomarkers and Their Clinical Implications in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children.
Lejman M, Chałupnik A, Chilimoniuk Z, Dobosz M
Int J Mol Sci 2022 Mar 2;23(5) doi: 10.3390/ijms23052755. PMID: 35269896Free PMC Article
Effect of Postreinduction Therapy Consolidation With Blinatumomab vs Chemotherapy on Disease-Free Survival in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults With First Relapse of B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Brown PA, Ji L, Xu X, Devidas M, Hogan LE, Borowitz MJ, Raetz EA, Zugmaier G, Sharon E, Bernhardt MB, Terezakis SA, Gore L, Whitlock JA, Pulsipher MA, Hunger SP, Loh ML
JAMA 2021 Mar 2;325(9):833-842. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.0669. PMID: 33651090Free PMC Article
Extensive Remodeling of the Immune Microenvironment in B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.
Witkowski MT, Dolgalev I, Evensen NA, Ma C, Chambers T, Roberts KG, Sreeram S, Dai Y, Tikhonova AN, Lasry A, Qu C, Pei D, Cheng C, Robbins GA, Pierro J, Selvaraj S, Mezzano V, Daves M, Lupo PJ, Scheurer ME, Loomis CA, Mullighan CG, Chen W, Rabin KR, Tsirigos A, Carroll WL, Aifantis I
Cancer Cell 2020 Jun 8;37(6):867-882.e12. Epub 2020 May 28 doi: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.04.015. PMID: 32470390Free PMC Article
ASTCT Consensus Grading for Cytokine Release Syndrome and Neurologic Toxicity Associated with Immune Effector Cells.
Lee DW, Santomasso BD, Locke FL, Ghobadi A, Turtle CJ, Brudno JN, Maus MV, Park JH, Mead E, Pavletic S, Go WY, Eldjerou L, Gardner RA, Frey N, Curran KJ, Peggs K, Pasquini M, DiPersio JF, van den Brink MRM, Komanduri KV, Grupp SA, Neelapu SS
Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2019 Apr;25(4):625-638. Epub 2018 Dec 25 doi: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2018.12.758. PMID: 30592986
Long-Term Follow-up of CD19 CAR Therapy in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.
Park JH, Rivière I, Gonen M, Wang X, Sénéchal B, Curran KJ, Sauter C, Wang Y, Santomasso B, Mead E, Roshal M, Maslak P, Davila M, Brentjens RJ, Sadelain M
N Engl J Med 2018 Feb 1;378(5):449-459. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1709919. PMID: 29385376Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Integrating RNA-seq and scRNA-seq to explore the biological significance of NAD + metabolism-related genes in the initial diagnosis and relapse of childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Lin C, Xu JQ, Zhong GC, Chen H, Xue HM, Yang M, Chen C
Front Immunol 2022;13:1043111. Epub 2022 Nov 11 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1043111. PMID: 36439178Free PMC Article
Genetic Biomarkers and Their Clinical Implications in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children.
Lejman M, Chałupnik A, Chilimoniuk Z, Dobosz M
Int J Mol Sci 2022 Mar 2;23(5) doi: 10.3390/ijms23052755. PMID: 35269896Free PMC Article
Extensive Remodeling of the Immune Microenvironment in B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.
Witkowski MT, Dolgalev I, Evensen NA, Ma C, Chambers T, Roberts KG, Sreeram S, Dai Y, Tikhonova AN, Lasry A, Qu C, Pei D, Cheng C, Robbins GA, Pierro J, Selvaraj S, Mezzano V, Daves M, Lupo PJ, Scheurer ME, Loomis CA, Mullighan CG, Chen W, Rabin KR, Tsirigos A, Carroll WL, Aifantis I
Cancer Cell 2020 Jun 8;37(6):867-882.e12. Epub 2020 May 28 doi: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.04.015. PMID: 32470390Free PMC Article
Minimal Residual Disease Detection in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.
Kruse A, Abdel-Azim N, Kim HN, Ruan Y, Phan V, Ogana H, Wang W, Lee R, Gang EJ, Khazal S, Kim YM
Int J Mol Sci 2020 Feb 5;21(3) doi: 10.3390/ijms21031054. PMID: 32033444Free PMC Article
Clinical diagnostics and treatment strategies for Philadelphia chromosome-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Harvey RC, Tasian SK
Blood Adv 2020 Jan 14;4(1):218-228. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000163. PMID: 31935290Free PMC Article

Therapy

Three-Year Update of Tisagenlecleucel in Pediatric and Young Adult Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in the ELIANA Trial.
Laetsch TW, Maude SL, Rives S, Hiramatsu H, Bittencourt H, Bader P, Baruchel A, Boyer M, De Moerloose B, Qayed M, Buechner J, Pulsipher MA, Myers GD, Stefanski HE, Martin PL, Nemecek E, Peters C, Yanik G, Khaw SL, Davis KL, Krueger J, Balduzzi A, Boissel N, Tiwari R, O'Donovan D, Grupp SA
J Clin Oncol 2023 Mar 20;41(9):1664-1669. Epub 2022 Nov 18 doi: 10.1200/JCO.22.00642. PMID: 36399695Free PMC Article
JAK: Not Just Another Kinase.
Agashe RP, Lippman SM, Kurzrock R
Mol Cancer Ther 2022 Dec 2;21(12):1757-1764. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-22-0323. PMID: 36252553Free PMC Article
Effect of Postreinduction Therapy Consolidation With Blinatumomab vs Chemotherapy on Disease-Free Survival in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults With First Relapse of B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Brown PA, Ji L, Xu X, Devidas M, Hogan LE, Borowitz MJ, Raetz EA, Zugmaier G, Sharon E, Bernhardt MB, Terezakis SA, Gore L, Whitlock JA, Pulsipher MA, Hunger SP, Loh ML
JAMA 2021 Mar 2;325(9):833-842. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.0669. PMID: 33651090Free PMC Article
Current Progress in CAR-T Cell Therapy for Solid Tumors.
Ma S, Li X, Wang X, Cheng L, Li Z, Zhang C, Ye Z, Qian Q
Int J Biol Sci 2019;15(12):2548-2560. Epub 2019 Sep 7 doi: 10.7150/ijbs.34213. PMID: 31754328Free PMC Article
ASTCT Consensus Grading for Cytokine Release Syndrome and Neurologic Toxicity Associated with Immune Effector Cells.
Lee DW, Santomasso BD, Locke FL, Ghobadi A, Turtle CJ, Brudno JN, Maus MV, Park JH, Mead E, Pavletic S, Go WY, Eldjerou L, Gardner RA, Frey N, Curran KJ, Peggs K, Pasquini M, DiPersio JF, van den Brink MRM, Komanduri KV, Grupp SA, Neelapu SS
Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2019 Apr;25(4):625-638. Epub 2018 Dec 25 doi: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2018.12.758. PMID: 30592986

Prognosis

Genetic Biomarkers and Their Clinical Implications in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children.
Lejman M, Chałupnik A, Chilimoniuk Z, Dobosz M
Int J Mol Sci 2022 Mar 2;23(5) doi: 10.3390/ijms23052755. PMID: 35269896Free PMC Article
Effect of Blinatumomab vs Chemotherapy on Event-Free Survival Among Children With High-risk First-Relapse B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Locatelli F, Zugmaier G, Rizzari C, Morris JD, Gruhn B, Klingebiel T, Parasole R, Linderkamp C, Flotho C, Petit A, Micalizzi C, Mergen N, Mohammad A, Kormany WN, Eckert C, Möricke A, Sartor M, Hrusak O, Peters C, Saha V, Vinti L, von Stackelberg A
JAMA 2021 Mar 2;325(9):843-854. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.0987. PMID: 33651091Free PMC Article
Extensive Remodeling of the Immune Microenvironment in B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.
Witkowski MT, Dolgalev I, Evensen NA, Ma C, Chambers T, Roberts KG, Sreeram S, Dai Y, Tikhonova AN, Lasry A, Qu C, Pei D, Cheng C, Robbins GA, Pierro J, Selvaraj S, Mezzano V, Daves M, Lupo PJ, Scheurer ME, Loomis CA, Mullighan CG, Chen W, Rabin KR, Tsirigos A, Carroll WL, Aifantis I
Cancer Cell 2020 Jun 8;37(6):867-882.e12. Epub 2020 May 28 doi: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.04.015. PMID: 32470390Free PMC Article
Minimal Residual Disease Detection in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.
Kruse A, Abdel-Azim N, Kim HN, Ruan Y, Phan V, Ogana H, Wang W, Lee R, Gang EJ, Khazal S, Kim YM
Int J Mol Sci 2020 Feb 5;21(3) doi: 10.3390/ijms21031054. PMID: 32033444Free PMC Article
Long-Term Follow-up of CD19 CAR Therapy in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.
Park JH, Rivière I, Gonen M, Wang X, Sénéchal B, Curran KJ, Sauter C, Wang Y, Santomasso B, Mead E, Roshal M, Maslak P, Davila M, Brentjens RJ, Sadelain M
N Engl J Med 2018 Feb 1;378(5):449-459. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1709919. PMID: 29385376Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

JAK: Not Just Another Kinase.
Agashe RP, Lippman SM, Kurzrock R
Mol Cancer Ther 2022 Dec 2;21(12):1757-1764. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-22-0323. PMID: 36252553Free PMC Article
Effect of Blinatumomab vs Chemotherapy on Event-Free Survival Among Children With High-risk First-Relapse B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Locatelli F, Zugmaier G, Rizzari C, Morris JD, Gruhn B, Klingebiel T, Parasole R, Linderkamp C, Flotho C, Petit A, Micalizzi C, Mergen N, Mohammad A, Kormany WN, Eckert C, Möricke A, Sartor M, Hrusak O, Peters C, Saha V, Vinti L, von Stackelberg A
JAMA 2021 Mar 2;325(9):843-854. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.0987. PMID: 33651091Free PMC Article
CRISPR/Cas9-Engineered Universal CD19/CD22 Dual-Targeted CAR-T Cell Therapy for Relapsed/Refractory B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.
Hu Y, Zhou Y, Zhang M, Ge W, Li Y, Yang L, Wei G, Han L, Wang H, Yu S, Chen Y, Wang Y, He X, Zhang X, Gao M, Yang J, Li X, Ren J, Huang H
Clin Cancer Res 2021 May 15;27(10):2764-2772. Epub 2021 Feb 24 doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-20-3863. PMID: 33627493
Minimal Residual Disease Detection in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.
Kruse A, Abdel-Azim N, Kim HN, Ruan Y, Phan V, Ogana H, Wang W, Lee R, Gang EJ, Khazal S, Kim YM
Int J Mol Sci 2020 Feb 5;21(3) doi: 10.3390/ijms21031054. PMID: 32033444Free PMC Article
Tisagenlecleucel in Children and Young Adults with B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia.
Maude SL, Laetsch TW, Buechner J, Rives S, Boyer M, Bittencourt H, Bader P, Verneris MR, Stefanski HE, Myers GD, Qayed M, De Moerloose B, Hiramatsu H, Schlis K, Davis KL, Martin PL, Nemecek ER, Yanik GA, Peters C, Baruchel A, Boissel N, Mechinaud F, Balduzzi A, Krueger J, June CH, Levine BL, Wood P, Taran T, Leung M, Mueller KT, Zhang Y, Sen K, Lebwohl D, Pulsipher MA, Grupp SA
N Engl J Med 2018 Feb 1;378(5):439-448. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1709866. PMID: 29385370Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Differences in efficacy and safety among CAR-Ts anti-CD19/CD22, anti-CD19, and anti-CD22, in adult patients with relapse/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a meta-analysis and systematic review.
Becerril-Rico J, Delgado-Montes YA, Ortiz-Sánchez E
Leuk Lymphoma 2023 Nov-Dec;64(11):1822-1831. Epub 2023 Aug 7 doi: 10.1080/10428194.2023.2243357. PMID: 37548560
A systematic review on the cost-effectiveness assessment of tisagenlecleucel for refractory or relapsing B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (R/R B-ALL) treatment in children and young adults.
Andrade AM, Teixeira VR, Pogue R, Figueiredo ACMG, Carvalho JL
Cytotherapy 2023 Sep;25(9):930-938. Epub 2023 Jun 20 doi: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.05.011. PMID: 37341664
Long-term response to autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells in relapsed or refractory B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Elsallab M, Ellithi M, Hempel S, Abdel-Azim H, Abou-El-Enein M
Cancer Gene Ther 2023 Jun;30(6):845-854. Epub 2023 Feb 7 doi: 10.1038/s41417-023-00593-3. PMID: 36750666Free PMC Article
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in adults with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Grover P, Veilleux O, Tian L, Sun R, Previtera M, Curran E, Muffly L
Blood Adv 2022 Mar 8;6(5):1608-1618. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003482. PMID: 34610109Free PMC Article
Pediatric precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with MYC 8q24 translocation - how to treat?
Zhang C, Amos Burke GA
Leuk Lymphoma 2018 Aug;59(8):1807-1813. Epub 2017 Oct 12 doi: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1387914. PMID: 29022749

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