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Minimal change nephrotic syndrome

MedGen UID:
316454
•Concept ID:
C1704321
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome; Nephrotic Syndrome, Minimal Change
SNOMED CT: Minimal change nephrotic syndrome (44785005); MCNS - Minimal change nephrotic syndrome (44785005)

Definition

A renal functional disorder characterized by proteinuria, edema, hyperlipidemia and hypoalbuminemia. It results from damage to the renal vascular filtration apparatus. It is further characterized by an inflammatory reaction in the glomerular capillaries and the effacement of the surrounding epithelial cell foot processes worsening protein leakage. Sequelae may include hypertension, atherosclerosis, infection, hypercoagulablity and renal failure. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVMinimal change nephrotic syndrome

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Japanese clinical practice patterns of primary nephrotic syndrome 2021: a web-based questionnaire survey of certified nephrologists.
Wada T, Shimizu S, Koizumi M, Sofue T, Nishiwaki H, Sasaki S, Nakaya I, Oe Y, Ishimoto T, Furuichi K, Okada H, Kurita N
Clin Exp Nephrol 2023 Sep;27(9):767-775. Epub 2023 Jun 13 doi: 10.1007/s10157-023-02366-6. PMID: 37310570
Executive summary of the KDIGO 2021 Guideline for the Management of Glomerular Diseases.
Rovin BH, Adler SG, Barratt J, Bridoux F, Burdge KA, Chan TM, Cook HT, Fervenza FC, Gibson KL, Glassock RJ, Jayne DRW, Jha V, Liew A, Liu ZH, Mejía-Vilet JM, Nester CM, Radhakrishnan J, Rave EM, Reich HN, Ronco P, Sanders JF, Sethi S, Suzuki Y, Tang SCW, Tesar V, Vivarelli M, Wetzels JFM, Lytvyn L, Craig JC, Tunnicliffe DJ, Howell M, Tonelli MA, Cheung M, Earley A, Floege J
Kidney Int 2021 Oct;100(4):753-779. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.05.015. PMID: 34556300
The treatment of relapse in adults with minimal change nephrotic syndrome: myths and facts.
Shigidi MM
Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2011 Jan;22(1):10-7. PMID: 21196608

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Infectious complications in adult patients with idiopathic minimal change nephrotic syndrome undergoing immunosuppressive therapy.
Hsu CY, Chang C, Chen HY, Ou SH, Chou KJ, Fang HC, Chen CL, Huang CW, Ho TY, Lee PT
Nephrology (Carlton) 2022 Dec;27(12):953-961. Epub 2022 Oct 19 doi: 10.1111/nep.14119. PMID: 36209374
Corticosteroid reduction by addition of cetirizine and montelukast in biopsy-proven minimal-change nephrotic syndrome concomitant with allergic disorders.
Oshima Y, Sumida K, Yamanouchi M, Hayami N, Sekine A, Mizuno H, Kawada M, Hiramatsu R, Hasegawa E, Suwabe T, Hoshino J, Sawa N, Fujii T, Takaichi K, Ubara Y
Sci Rep 2020 Jan 30;10(1):1490. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-58463-z. PMID: 32001777Free PMC Article
Acute kidney injury complicating nephrotic syndrome of minimal change disease.
Meyrier A, Niaudet P
Kidney Int 2018 Nov;94(5):861-869. Epub 2018 Jul 3 doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.04.024. PMID: 29980292
Pathophysiology of minimal change nephrotic syndrome and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.
Cho MH, Hong EH, Lee TH, Ko CW
Nephrology (Carlton) 2007 Dec;12 Suppl 3:S11-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2007.00875.x. PMID: 17995521
Steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome.
Nanjundaswamy HM, Phadke KD
Indian J Pediatr 2002 Dec;69(12):1059-63. doi: 10.1007/BF02724388. PMID: 12557960

Diagnosis

High Albumin Clearance Predicts the Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome Relapse.
Kuno H, Kanzaki G, Sasaki T, Haruhara K, Okabe M, Yokote S, Koike K, Tsuboi N, Yokoo T
Kidney360 2023 Jun 1;4(6):e787-e795. Epub 2023 May 10 doi: 10.34067/KID.0000000000000143. PMID: 37166949Free PMC Article
MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Nephrotic Syndrome.
Tsuji K, Kitamura S, Wada J
Int J Mol Sci 2020 Dec 23;22(1) doi: 10.3390/ijms22010088. PMID: 33374848Free PMC Article
Corticosteroid reduction by addition of cetirizine and montelukast in biopsy-proven minimal-change nephrotic syndrome concomitant with allergic disorders.
Oshima Y, Sumida K, Yamanouchi M, Hayami N, Sekine A, Mizuno H, Kawada M, Hiramatsu R, Hasegawa E, Suwabe T, Hoshino J, Sawa N, Fujii T, Takaichi K, Ubara Y
Sci Rep 2020 Jan 30;10(1):1490. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-58463-z. PMID: 32001777Free PMC Article
Nephrotic syndrome in childhood.
Eddy AA, Symons JM
Lancet 2003 Aug 23;362(9384):629-39. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14184-0. PMID: 12944064
Steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome.
Nanjundaswamy HM, Phadke KD
Indian J Pediatr 2002 Dec;69(12):1059-63. doi: 10.1007/BF02724388. PMID: 12557960

Therapy

Corticosteroid reduction by addition of cetirizine and montelukast in biopsy-proven minimal-change nephrotic syndrome concomitant with allergic disorders.
Oshima Y, Sumida K, Yamanouchi M, Hayami N, Sekine A, Mizuno H, Kawada M, Hiramatsu R, Hasegawa E, Suwabe T, Hoshino J, Sawa N, Fujii T, Takaichi K, Ubara Y
Sci Rep 2020 Jan 30;10(1):1490. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-58463-z. PMID: 32001777Free PMC Article
Enhanced Steroid Therapy in Adult Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Zhao L, Cheng J, Zhou J, Wu C, Chen J
Intern Med 2015;54(17):2101-8. Epub 2015 Sep 1 doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.54.3927. PMID: 26328632
Rituximab and minimal change nephrotic syndrome: a therapeutic option.
Takei T, Nitta K
Clin Exp Nephrol 2011 Oct;15(5):641-647. Epub 2011 May 26 doi: 10.1007/s10157-011-0465-6. PMID: 21611755
Nephrotic syndrome in childhood.
Eddy AA, Symons JM
Lancet 2003 Aug 23;362(9384):629-39. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14184-0. PMID: 12944064
Steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome.
Nanjundaswamy HM, Phadke KD
Indian J Pediatr 2002 Dec;69(12):1059-63. doi: 10.1007/BF02724388. PMID: 12557960

Prognosis

High Albumin Clearance Predicts the Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome Relapse.
Kuno H, Kanzaki G, Sasaki T, Haruhara K, Okabe M, Yokote S, Koike K, Tsuboi N, Yokoo T
Kidney360 2023 Jun 1;4(6):e787-e795. Epub 2023 May 10 doi: 10.34067/KID.0000000000000143. PMID: 37166949Free PMC Article
Corticosteroid reduction by addition of cetirizine and montelukast in biopsy-proven minimal-change nephrotic syndrome concomitant with allergic disorders.
Oshima Y, Sumida K, Yamanouchi M, Hayami N, Sekine A, Mizuno H, Kawada M, Hiramatsu R, Hasegawa E, Suwabe T, Hoshino J, Sawa N, Fujii T, Takaichi K, Ubara Y
Sci Rep 2020 Jan 30;10(1):1490. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-58463-z. PMID: 32001777Free PMC Article
Immunopathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.
Zhang SY, Audard V, Fan Q, Pawlak A, Lang P, Sahali D
Contrib Nephrol 2011;169:94-106. Epub 2011 Jan 20 doi: 10.1159/000313947. PMID: 21252513
Nephrotic syndrome in childhood.
Eddy AA, Symons JM
Lancet 2003 Aug 23;362(9384):629-39. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14184-0. PMID: 12944064
Steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome.
Nanjundaswamy HM, Phadke KD
Indian J Pediatr 2002 Dec;69(12):1059-63. doi: 10.1007/BF02724388. PMID: 12557960

Clinical prediction guides

Japanese clinical practice patterns of primary nephrotic syndrome 2021: a web-based questionnaire survey of certified nephrologists.
Wada T, Shimizu S, Koizumi M, Sofue T, Nishiwaki H, Sasaki S, Nakaya I, Oe Y, Ishimoto T, Furuichi K, Okada H, Kurita N
Clin Exp Nephrol 2023 Sep;27(9):767-775. Epub 2023 Jun 13 doi: 10.1007/s10157-023-02366-6. PMID: 37310570
High Albumin Clearance Predicts the Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome Relapse.
Kuno H, Kanzaki G, Sasaki T, Haruhara K, Okabe M, Yokote S, Koike K, Tsuboi N, Yokoo T
Kidney360 2023 Jun 1;4(6):e787-e795. Epub 2023 May 10 doi: 10.34067/KID.0000000000000143. PMID: 37166949Free PMC Article
Clinical value of serum cholinesterase levels in Nephrotic syndrome: an observational study.
Goto K, Kono K, Fujii H, Goto S, Nishi S
BMC Nephrol 2022 Apr 2;23(1):128. doi: 10.1186/s12882-022-02764-0. PMID: 35366840Free PMC Article
Corticosteroid reduction by addition of cetirizine and montelukast in biopsy-proven minimal-change nephrotic syndrome concomitant with allergic disorders.
Oshima Y, Sumida K, Yamanouchi M, Hayami N, Sekine A, Mizuno H, Kawada M, Hiramatsu R, Hasegawa E, Suwabe T, Hoshino J, Sawa N, Fujii T, Takaichi K, Ubara Y
Sci Rep 2020 Jan 30;10(1):1490. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-58463-z. PMID: 32001777Free PMC Article
Podocyte proteins in congenital and minimal change nephrotic syndrome.
Suvanto M, Jahnukainen T, Kestilä M, Jalanko H
Clin Exp Nephrol 2015 Jun;19(3):481-8. Epub 2014 Aug 14 doi: 10.1007/s10157-014-1020-z. PMID: 25117488

Recent systematic reviews

Rituximab in The Management of Pediatric Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome: A Systematic Review.
Jellouli M, Charfi R, Maalej B, Mahfoud A, Trabelsi S, Gargah T
J Pediatr 2018 Jun;197:191-197.e1. Epub 2018 Apr 18 doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.01.008. PMID: 29680473
Enhanced Steroid Therapy in Adult Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Zhao L, Cheng J, Zhou J, Wu C, Chen J
Intern Med 2015;54(17):2101-8. Epub 2015 Sep 1 doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.54.3927. PMID: 26328632

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