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Minimal change nephrotic syndrome

MedGen UID:
316454
•Concept ID:
C1704321
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome; Nephrotic Syndrome, Minimal Change
SNOMED CT: Minimal change nephrotic syndrome (44785005); MCNS - Minimal change nephrotic syndrome (44785005)

Definition

A renal functional disorder characterized by proteinuria, edema, hyperlipidemia and hypoalbuminemia. It results from damage to the renal vascular filtration apparatus. It is further characterized by an inflammatory reaction in the glomerular capillaries and the effacement of the surrounding epithelial cell foot processes worsening protein leakage. Sequelae may include hypertension, atherosclerosis, infection, hypercoagulablity and renal failure. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVMinimal change nephrotic syndrome

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Executive summary of the KDIGO 2021 Guideline for the Management of Glomerular Diseases.
Rovin BH, Adler SG, Barratt J, Bridoux F, Burdge KA, Chan TM, Cook HT, Fervenza FC, Gibson KL, Glassock RJ, Jayne DRW, Jha V, Liew A, Liu ZH, Mejía-Vilet JM, Nester CM, Radhakrishnan J, Rave EM, Reich HN, Ronco P, Sanders JF, Sethi S, Suzuki Y, Tang SCW, Tesar V, Vivarelli M, Wetzels JFM, Lytvyn L, Craig JC, Tunnicliffe DJ, Howell M, Tonelli MA, Cheung M, Earley A, Floege J
Kidney Int 2021 Oct;100(4):753-779. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.05.015. PMID: 34556300
Minimal change (steroid sensitive) nephrotic syndrome in children: new aspects on pathogenesis and treatment.
Oh J, Kemper MJ
Minerva Pediatr 2012 Apr;64(2):197-204. PMID: 22495193
The treatment of relapse in adults with minimal change nephrotic syndrome: myths and facts.
Shigidi MM
Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2011 Jan;22(1):10-7. PMID: 21196608

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Tacrolimus and Low-Dose Corticosteroid with High-Dose Corticosteroid for Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome in Adults.
Chin HJ, Chae DW, Kim YC, An WS, Ihm C, Jin DC, Kim SG, Kim YL, Kim YS, Kim YG, Koo HS, Lee JE, Lee KW, Oh J, Park JH, Jiang H, Lee H, Lee SK
J Am Soc Nephrol 2021 Jan;32(1):199-210. Epub 2020 Nov 9 doi: 10.1681/ASN.2019050546. PMID: 33168602Free PMC Article
Acute kidney injury complicating nephrotic syndrome of minimal change disease.
Meyrier A, Niaudet P
Kidney Int 2018 Nov;94(5):861-869. Epub 2018 Jul 3 doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.04.024. PMID: 29980292
Pathophysiology of minimal change nephrotic syndrome and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.
Cho MH, Hong EH, Lee TH, Ko CW
Nephrology (Carlton) 2007 Dec;12 Suppl 3:S11-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2007.00875.x. PMID: 17995521
Is there really an increase in non-minimal change nephrotic syndrome in children?
Filler G, Young E, Geier P, Carpenter B, Drukker A, Feber J
Am J Kidney Dis 2003 Dec;42(6):1107-13. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2003.08.010. PMID: 14655180
Steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome.
Nanjundaswamy HM, Phadke KD
Indian J Pediatr 2002 Dec;69(12):1059-63. doi: 10.1007/BF02724388. PMID: 12557960

Diagnosis

High Albumin Clearance Predicts the Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome Relapse.
Kuno H, Kanzaki G, Sasaki T, Haruhara K, Okabe M, Yokote S, Koike K, Tsuboi N, Yokoo T
Kidney360 2023 Jun 1;4(6):e787-e795. Epub 2023 May 10 doi: 10.34067/KID.0000000000000143. PMID: 37166949Free PMC Article
MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Nephrotic Syndrome.
Tsuji K, Kitamura S, Wada J
Int J Mol Sci 2020 Dec 23;22(1) doi: 10.3390/ijms22010088. PMID: 33374848Free PMC Article
Can Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Be Differentiated From Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome Using Biomarkers?
Hosohata K
Am J Med Sci 2018 Apr;355(4):305-306. Epub 2018 Jan 31 doi: 10.1016/j.amjms.2018.01.003. PMID: 29661342
Nephrotic syndrome in childhood.
Eddy AA, Symons JM
Lancet 2003 Aug 23;362(9384):629-39. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14184-0. PMID: 12944064
Steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome.
Nanjundaswamy HM, Phadke KD
Indian J Pediatr 2002 Dec;69(12):1059-63. doi: 10.1007/BF02724388. PMID: 12557960

Therapy

Development of IgA vasculitis with severe glomerulonephritis after COVID-19 vaccination: a case report and literature review.
Sugita K, Kaneko S, Hisada R, Harano M, Anno E, Hagiwara S, Imai E, Nagata M, Tsukamoto Y
CEN Case Rep 2022 Nov;11(4):436-441. Epub 2022 Mar 11 doi: 10.1007/s13730-022-00695-1. PMID: 35275366Free PMC Article
Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Tacrolimus and Low-Dose Corticosteroid with High-Dose Corticosteroid for Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome in Adults.
Chin HJ, Chae DW, Kim YC, An WS, Ihm C, Jin DC, Kim SG, Kim YL, Kim YS, Kim YG, Koo HS, Lee JE, Lee KW, Oh J, Park JH, Jiang H, Lee H, Lee SK
J Am Soc Nephrol 2021 Jan;32(1):199-210. Epub 2020 Nov 9 doi: 10.1681/ASN.2019050546. PMID: 33168602Free PMC Article
Enhanced Steroid Therapy in Adult Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Zhao L, Cheng J, Zhou J, Wu C, Chen J
Intern Med 2015;54(17):2101-8. Epub 2015 Sep 1 doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.54.3927. PMID: 26328632
Rituximab and minimal change nephrotic syndrome: a therapeutic option.
Takei T, Nitta K
Clin Exp Nephrol 2011 Oct;15(5):641-647. Epub 2011 May 26 doi: 10.1007/s10157-011-0465-6. PMID: 21611755
Nephrotic syndrome in childhood.
Eddy AA, Symons JM
Lancet 2003 Aug 23;362(9384):629-39. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14184-0. PMID: 12944064

Prognosis

High Albumin Clearance Predicts the Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome Relapse.
Kuno H, Kanzaki G, Sasaki T, Haruhara K, Okabe M, Yokote S, Koike K, Tsuboi N, Yokoo T
Kidney360 2023 Jun 1;4(6):e787-e795. Epub 2023 May 10 doi: 10.34067/KID.0000000000000143. PMID: 37166949Free PMC Article
The treatment of relapse in adults with minimal change nephrotic syndrome: myths and facts.
Shigidi MM
Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2011 Jan;22(1):10-7. PMID: 21196608
Nephrotic syndrome in childhood.
Eddy AA, Symons JM
Lancet 2003 Aug 23;362(9384):629-39. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14184-0. PMID: 12944064
Steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome.
Nanjundaswamy HM, Phadke KD
Indian J Pediatr 2002 Dec;69(12):1059-63. doi: 10.1007/BF02724388. PMID: 12557960
Minimal change nephrotic syndrome. Histopathology and steroid-responsiveness.
Bernstein J Jr, Edelmann CM Jr
Arch Dis Child 1982 Nov;57(11):816-7. doi: 10.1136/adc.57.11.816. PMID: 7149757Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

High Albumin Clearance Predicts the Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome Relapse.
Kuno H, Kanzaki G, Sasaki T, Haruhara K, Okabe M, Yokote S, Koike K, Tsuboi N, Yokoo T
Kidney360 2023 Jun 1;4(6):e787-e795. Epub 2023 May 10 doi: 10.34067/KID.0000000000000143. PMID: 37166949Free PMC Article
Clinical value of serum cholinesterase levels in Nephrotic syndrome: an observational study.
Goto K, Kono K, Fujii H, Goto S, Nishi S
BMC Nephrol 2022 Apr 2;23(1):128. doi: 10.1186/s12882-022-02764-0. PMID: 35366840Free PMC Article
Clinical and histopathological features of acute kidney injury in adult-onset minimal change nephrotic syndrome.
Nishide K, Nakatani S, Mori K, Morioka F, Machiba Y, Uedono H, Tsuda A, Inaba M, Ishimura E, Emoto M
Clin Exp Nephrol 2021 Mar;25(3):261-269. Epub 2020 Nov 28 doi: 10.1007/s10157-020-01992-8. PMID: 33247826
Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Tacrolimus and Low-Dose Corticosteroid with High-Dose Corticosteroid for Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome in Adults.
Chin HJ, Chae DW, Kim YC, An WS, Ihm C, Jin DC, Kim SG, Kim YL, Kim YS, Kim YG, Koo HS, Lee JE, Lee KW, Oh J, Park JH, Jiang H, Lee H, Lee SK
J Am Soc Nephrol 2021 Jan;32(1):199-210. Epub 2020 Nov 9 doi: 10.1681/ASN.2019050546. PMID: 33168602Free PMC Article
Podocyte proteins in congenital and minimal change nephrotic syndrome.
Suvanto M, Jahnukainen T, Kestilä M, Jalanko H
Clin Exp Nephrol 2015 Jun;19(3):481-8. Epub 2014 Aug 14 doi: 10.1007/s10157-014-1020-z. PMID: 25117488

Recent systematic reviews

Rituximab in The Management of Pediatric Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome: A Systematic Review.
Jellouli M, Charfi R, Maalej B, Mahfoud A, Trabelsi S, Gargah T
J Pediatr 2018 Jun;197:191-197.e1. Epub 2018 Apr 18 doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.01.008. PMID: 29680473
Enhanced Steroid Therapy in Adult Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Zhao L, Cheng J, Zhou J, Wu C, Chen J
Intern Med 2015;54(17):2101-8. Epub 2015 Sep 1 doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.54.3927. PMID: 26328632

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