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Infective endocarditis

MedGen UID:
323818
Concept ID:
C1541923
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Endocarditides, Infective; Endocarditis, Infective; Infective Endocarditides; Infective Endocarditis
SNOMED CT: Infective endocarditis (233850007); IE - Infective endocarditis (233850007)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0000565
Orphanet: ORPHA570762

Definition

A rare bacterial infectious disease characterized by infection of a native or prosthetic heart valve, the endocardial surface, or an indwelling cardiac device. Main causative agents are Gram-positive bacteria, most commonly <i>Staphylococcus</i> and <i>Streptococcus</i> species. Signs and symptoms include high fever or prolonged subfebrile state, excessive sweating, malaise, asthenia, arthralgia, myalgia, weight loss, headache, nausea, dyspnea, cough, heart murmurs, and petechiae of the skin. The most common complications are embolism in different organs and ischemic stroke, sepsis, heart failure, and renal failure. [from ORDO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVInfective endocarditis

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Fowler VG, Durack DT, Selton-Suty C, Athan E, Bayer AS, Chamis AL, Dahl A, DiBernardo L, Durante-Mangoni E, Duval X, Fortes CQ, Fosbøl E, Hannan MM, Hasse B, Hoen B, Karchmer AW, Mestres CA, Petti CA, Pizzi MN, Preston SD, Roque A, Vandenesch F, van der Meer JTM, van der Vaart TW, Miro JM
Clin Infect Dis 2023 Aug 22;77(4):518-526. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciad271. PMID: 37138445Free PMC Article
Otto CM, Nishimura RA, Bonow RO, Carabello BA, Erwin JP 3rd, Gentile F, Jneid H, Krieger EV, Mack M, McLeod C, O'Gara PT, Rigolin VH, Sundt TM 3rd, Thompson A, Toly C
Circulation 2021 Feb 2;143(5):e35-e71. Epub 2020 Dec 17 doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000932. PMID: 33332149
Baddour LM, Wilson WR, Bayer AS, Fowler VG Jr, Tleyjeh IM, Rybak MJ, Barsic B, Lockhart PB, Gewitz MH, Levison ME, Bolger AF, Steckelberg JM, Baltimore RS, Fink AM, O'Gara P, Taubert KA; American Heart Association Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, Council on Clinical Cardiology, Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, and Stroke Council
Circulation 2015 Oct 13;132(15):1435-86. Epub 2015 Sep 15 doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000296. PMID: 26373316

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Baddour LM, Weimer MB, Wurcel AG, McElhinney DB, Marks LR, Fanucchi LC, Esquer Garrigos Z, Pettersson GB, DeSimone DC; American Heart Association Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis and Kawasaki Disease Committee of the Council on Lifelong Congenital Heart Disease and Heart Health in the Young; Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Clinical Cardiology; and Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease
Circulation 2022 Oct 4;146(14):e187-e201. Epub 2022 Aug 31 doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000001090. PMID: 36043414
Eleyan L, Khan AA, Musollari G, Chandiramani AS, Shaikh S, Salha A, Tarmahomed A, Harky A
Eur J Pediatr 2021 Oct;180(10):3089-3100. Epub 2021 Apr 14 doi: 10.1007/s00431-021-04062-7. PMID: 33852085
Sendi P, Hasse B, Frank M, Flückiger U, Boggian K, Guery B, Jeger R, Zbinden S, Agyeman P, Knirsch W, Greutmann M
Swiss Med Wkly 2021 Feb 15;151:w20473. Epub 2021 Feb 28 doi: 10.4414/smw.2021.20473. PMID: 33705562
Hubers SA, DeSimone DC, Gersh BJ, Anavekar NS
Mayo Clin Proc 2020 May;95(5):982-997. Epub 2020 Apr 13 doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.12.008. PMID: 32299668
Klein M, Wang A
J Intensive Care Med 2016 Mar;31(3):151-63. Epub 2014 Oct 15 doi: 10.1177/0885066614554906. PMID: 25320158

Diagnosis

Sebastian SA, Co EL, Mehendale M, Sudan S, Manchanda K, Khan S
Curr Probl Cardiol 2022 Sep;47(9):101267. Epub 2022 May 28 doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2022.101267. PMID: 35636519
Mills MT, Al-Mohammad A, Warriner DR
Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2022 Mar 2;83(3):1-11. Epub 2022 Mar 17 doi: 10.12968/hmed.2021.0510. PMID: 35377207
Hubers SA, DeSimone DC, Gersh BJ, Anavekar NS
Mayo Clin Proc 2020 May;95(5):982-997. Epub 2020 Apr 13 doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.12.008. PMID: 32299668
Rajani R, Klein JL
Clin Med (Lond) 2020 Jan;20(1):31-35. doi: 10.7861/clinmed.cme.20.1.1. PMID: 31941729Free PMC Article
Cahill TJ, Baddour LM, Habib G, Hoen B, Salaun E, Pettersson GB, Schäfers HJ, Prendergast BD
J Am Coll Cardiol 2017 Jan 24;69(3):325-344. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.10.066. PMID: 28104075

Therapy

Shmueli H, Thomas F, Flint N, Setia G, Janjic A, Siegel RJ
J Am Heart Assoc 2020 Aug 4;9(15):e017293. Epub 2020 Jul 23 doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.017293. PMID: 32700630Free PMC Article
Rajani R, Klein JL
Clin Med (Lond) 2020 Jan;20(1):31-35. doi: 10.7861/clinmed.cme.20.1.1. PMID: 31941729Free PMC Article
Iversen K, Ihlemann N, Gill SU, Madsen T, Elming H, Jensen KT, Bruun NE, Høfsten DE, Fursted K, Christensen JJ, Schultz M, Klein CF, Fosbøll EL, Rosenvinge F, Schønheyder HC, Køber L, Torp-Pedersen C, Helweg-Larsen J, Tønder N, Moser C, Bundgaard H
N Engl J Med 2019 Jan 31;380(5):415-424. Epub 2018 Aug 28 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1808312. PMID: 30152252
Cahill TJ, Baddour LM, Habib G, Hoen B, Salaun E, Pettersson GB, Schäfers HJ, Prendergast BD
J Am Coll Cardiol 2017 Jan 24;69(3):325-344. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.10.066. PMID: 28104075
Cahill TJ, Prendergast BD
Lancet 2016 Feb 27;387(10021):882-93. Epub 2015 Sep 1 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00067-7. PMID: 26341945

Prognosis

Sebastian SA, Co EL, Mehendale M, Sudan S, Manchanda K, Khan S
Curr Probl Cardiol 2022 Sep;47(9):101267. Epub 2022 May 28 doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2022.101267. PMID: 35636519
Allen CJ, Patterson T, Chehab O, Cahill T, Prendergast B, Redwood SR
Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2020 Oct;18(10):653-662. Epub 2020 Dec 1 doi: 10.1080/14779072.2020.1839419. PMID: 33073603
Dunne B, Marr T, Kim D, Andrews D, Edwards M, Merry C, Larbalestier R
Heart Lung Circ 2014 Jul;23(7):628-35. Epub 2014 Mar 6 doi: 10.1016/j.hlc.2014.02.010. PMID: 24717864
Herregods MC
Verh K Acad Geneeskd Belg 2011;73(3-4):153-61. PMID: 22482194
Starakis I
Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2009 Dec;9(4):230. doi: 10.2174/1871529x10909040230. PMID: 20044913

Clinical prediction guides

van der Vaart TW, Prins JM, Soetekouw R, van Twillert G, Veenstra J, Herpers BL, Rozemeijer W, Jansen RR, Bonten MJM, van der Meer JTM
Clin Infect Dis 2022 Apr 28;74(8):1442-1449. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab632. PMID: 34272564Free PMC Article
Eleyan L, Khan AA, Musollari G, Chandiramani AS, Shaikh S, Salha A, Tarmahomed A, Harky A
Eur J Pediatr 2021 Oct;180(10):3089-3100. Epub 2021 Apr 14 doi: 10.1007/s00431-021-04062-7. PMID: 33852085
Tinica G, Tarus A, Enache M, Artene B, Rotaru I, Bacusca A, Burlacu A
Rev Cardiovasc Med 2020 Jun 30;21(2):263-274. doi: 10.31083/j.rcm.2020.02.68. PMID: 32706214
Hurrell H, Roberts-Thomson R, Prendergast BD
Heart 2020 Jul;106(13):1023-1029. Epub 2020 May 6 doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2019-315204. PMID: 32376608
Tubiana S, Duval X, Alla F, Selton-Suty C, Tattevin P, Delahaye F, Piroth L, Chirouze C, Lavigne JP, Erpelding ML, Hoen B, Vandenesch F, Iung B, Le Moing V; VIRSTA/AEPEI Study Group
J Infect 2016 May;72(5):544-53. Epub 2016 Feb 22 doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2016.02.003. PMID: 26916042

Recent systematic reviews

Bergadà-Pijuan J, Frank M, Boroumand S, Hovaguimian F, Mestres CA, Bauernschmitt R, Carrel T, Stadlinger B, Ruschitzka F, Zinkernagel AS, Kouyos RD, Hasse B
Infection 2023 Feb;51(1):47-59. Epub 2022 Aug 16 doi: 10.1007/s15010-022-01900-0. PMID: 35972680Free PMC Article
Rutherford SJ, Glenny AM, Roberts G, Hooper L, Worthington HV
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2022 May 10;5(5):CD003813. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003813.pub5. PMID: 35536541Free PMC Article
Wald-Dickler N, Holtom PD, Phillips MC, Centor RM, Lee RA, Baden R, Spellberg B
Am J Med 2022 Mar;135(3):369-379.e1. Epub 2021 Oct 27 doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.10.007. PMID: 34715060Free PMC Article
Tinica G, Tarus A, Enache M, Artene B, Rotaru I, Bacusca A, Burlacu A
Rev Cardiovasc Med 2020 Jun 30;21(2):263-274. doi: 10.31083/j.rcm.2020.02.68. PMID: 32706214
Cahill TJ, Harrison JL, Jewell P, Onakpoya I, Chambers JB, Dayer M, Lockhart P, Roberts N, Shanson D, Thornhill M, Heneghan CJ, Prendergast BD
Heart 2017 Jun;103(12):937-944. Epub 2017 Feb 17 doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2015-309102. PMID: 28213367

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