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Cleft of chin

MedGen UID:
336544
Concept ID:
C1849227
Finding
Synonyms: Cleft chin; Midline defect of chin
 
HPO: HP:0011323
OMIM®: 119000

Definition

A bony peculiarity underlies the Y-shaped fissure of the chin. [from OMIM]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVCleft of chin

Conditions with this feature

Saethre-Chotzen syndrome
MedGen UID:
64221
Concept ID:
C0175699
Disease or Syndrome
Classic Saethre-Chotzen syndrome (SCS) is characterized by coronal synostosis (unilateral or bilateral), facial asymmetry (particularly in individuals with unicoronal synostosis), strabismus, ptosis, and characteristic appearance of the ear (small pinna with a prominent superior and/or inferior crus). Syndactyly of digits two and three of the hand is variably present. Cognitive development is usually normal, although those with a large genomic deletion are at an increased risk for intellectual challenges. Less common manifestations of SCS include other skeletal findings (parietal foramina, vertebral segmentation defects, radioulnar synostosis, maxillary hypoplasia, ocular hypertelorism, hallux valgus, duplicated or curved distal hallux), hypertelorism, palatal anomalies, obstructive sleep apnea, increased intracranial pressure, short stature, and congenital heart malformations.
Branchiooculofacial syndrome
MedGen UID:
91261
Concept ID:
C0376524
Disease or Syndrome
The branchiooculofacial syndrome (BOFS) is characterized by: branchial (cervical or infra- or supra-auricular) skin defects that range from barely perceptible thin skin or hair patch to erythematous "hemangiomatous" lesions to large weeping erosions; ocular anomalies that can include microphthalmia, anophthalmia, coloboma, and nasolacrimal duct stenosis/atresia; and facial anomalies that can include ocular hypertelorism or telecanthus, broad nasal tip, upslanted palpebral fissures, cleft lip or prominent philtral pillars that give the appearance of a repaired cleft lip (formerly called "pseudocleft lip") with or without cleft palate, upper lip pits, and lower facial weakness (asymmetric crying face or partial 7th cranial nerve weakness). Malformed and prominent pinnae and hearing loss from inner ear and/or petrous bone anomalies are common. Intellect is usually normal.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Huml AM, Sullivan C, Figueroa M, Scott K, Sehgal AR
Am J Med 2020 Jan;133(1):143-146.e2. Epub 2019 Jun 15 doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2019.04.052. PMID: 31207220Free PMC Article
Fan MC, Wang QL, Wang JF, Deng WS, Li LD, Wang ZH, Sun P
Chin Med J (Engl) 2012 Aug;125(16):2919-24. PMID: 22932091
Morselli PG, Giuliani R, Pinto V, Oranges CM, Negosanti L, Tavaniello B, Morellini A
J Craniofac Surg 2009 Sep;20(5):1566-70. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181b0dacd. PMID: 19816297

Recent clinical studies

Diagnosis

Koboldt DC, Mihalic Mosher T, Kelly BJ, Sites E, Bartholomew D, Hickey SE, McBride K, Wilson RK, White P
Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2018 Jun;4(3) Epub 2018 Jun 1 doi: 10.1101/mcs.a002410. PMID: 29305346Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Koboldt DC, Mihalic Mosher T, Kelly BJ, Sites E, Bartholomew D, Hickey SE, McBride K, Wilson RK, White P
Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2018 Jun;4(3) Epub 2018 Jun 1 doi: 10.1101/mcs.a002410. PMID: 29305346Free PMC Article

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