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Gonadal tissue inappropriate for external genitalia or chromosomal sex

MedGen UID:
348064
Concept ID:
C1860268
Finding
HPO: HP:0003248

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • Gonadal tissue inappropriate for external genitalia or chromosomal sex

Conditions with this feature

Drash syndrome
MedGen UID:
181980
Concept ID:
C0950121
Disease or Syndrome
WT1 disorder is characterized by congenital/infantile or childhood onset of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), a progressive glomerulopathy that does not respond to standard steroid therapy. Additional common findings can include disorders of testicular development (with or without abnormalities of the external genitalia and/or müllerian structures) and Wilms tumor. Less common findings are congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) and gonadoblastoma. While various combinations of renal and other findings associated with a WT1 pathogenic variant were designated as certain syndromes in the past, those designations are now recognized to be part of a phenotypic continuum and are no longer clinically helpful.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Hunter SK, S Angadi S, Bhargava A, Harper J, Hirschberg AL, D Levine B, L Moreau K, J Nokoff N, Stachenfeld NS, Bermon S
Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023 Dec 1;55(12):2328-2360. Epub 2023 Sep 28 doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000003300. PMID: 37772882
Padala SA, Barsouk A, Barsouk A, Rawla P, Vakiti A, Kolhe R, Kota V, Ajebo GH
Med Sci (Basel) 2021 Jan 20;9(1) doi: 10.3390/medsci9010003. PMID: 33498356Free PMC Article
Krausz C, Hoefsloot L, Simoni M, Tüttelmann F; European Academy of Andrology; European Molecular Genetics Quality Network
Andrology 2014 Jan;2(1):5-19. doi: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2013.00173.x. PMID: 24357628Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Arnold AP
Nat Rev Endocrinol 2022 Sep;18(9):574-583. Epub 2022 Jun 15 doi: 10.1038/s41574-022-00697-0. PMID: 35705742Free PMC Article
Rogol AD
Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 2020 Jun;184(2):313-319. Epub 2020 Mar 14 doi: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31782. PMID: 32170911
Cunningham CM, Eghbali M
Adv Exp Med Biol 2018;1065:31-47. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-77932-4_2. PMID: 30051375
Frühmesser A, Kotzot D
Sex Dev 2011;5(3):109-23. Epub 2011 Apr 29 doi: 10.1159/000327324. PMID: 21540567
Seidel GE Jr, Garner DL
Reproduction 2002 Dec;124(6):733-43. doi: 10.1530/rep.0.1240733. PMID: 12537000

Diagnosis

Laan M, Kasak L, Punab M
Br Med Bull 2021 Dec 16;140(1):5-22. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldab025. PMID: 34755838Free PMC Article
Raznahan A, Parikshak NN, Chandran V, Blumenthal JD, Clasen LS, Alexander-Bloch AF, Zinn AR, Wangsa D, Wise J, Murphy DGM, Bolton PF, Ried T, Ross J, Giedd JN, Geschwind DH
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018 Jul 10;115(28):7398-7403. Epub 2018 Jun 26 doi: 10.1073/pnas.1802889115. PMID: 29946024Free PMC Article
Frühmesser A, Kotzot D
Sex Dev 2011;5(3):109-23. Epub 2011 Apr 29 doi: 10.1159/000327324. PMID: 21540567
Seidel GE Jr, Garner DL
Reproduction 2002 Dec;124(6):733-43. doi: 10.1530/rep.0.1240733. PMID: 12537000
van Niekerk WA
Am J Obstet Gynecol 1978 Apr 15;130(8):862-75. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(78)90263-6. PMID: 345819

Therapy

Dou DR, Zhao Y, Belk JA, Zhao Y, Casey KM, Chen DC, Li R, Yu B, Srinivasan S, Abe BT, Kraft K, Hellström C, Sjöberg R, Chang S, Feng A, Goldman DW, Shah AA, Petri M, Chung LS, Fiorentino DF, Lundberg EK, Wutz A, Utz PJ, Chang HY
Cell 2024 Feb 1;187(3):733-749.e16. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.12.037. PMID: 38306984Free PMC Article
Eaddy Norton A, Broyles AD
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2019 Feb;122(2):148-155. Epub 2018 Nov 20 doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2018.11.014. PMID: 30465863
Skuse D, Printzlau F, Wolstencroft J
Handb Clin Neurol 2018;147:355-376. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63233-3.00024-5. PMID: 29325624
Simpson JL, Samango-Sprouse C
Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 2013 Feb 15;163C(1):64-70. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31356. PMID: 23359597
Norbury R, Cutter WJ, Compton J, Robertson DM, Craig M, Whitehead M, Murphy DG
Exp Gerontol 2003 Jan-Feb;38(1-2):109-17. doi: 10.1016/s0531-5565(02)00166-3. PMID: 12543268

Prognosis

Shear MA, Swanson K, Garg R, Jelin AC, Boscardin J, Norton ME, Sparks TN
Prenat Diagn 2023 Feb;43(2):133-143. Epub 2023 Jan 8 doi: 10.1002/pd.6298. PMID: 36588186Free PMC Article
Schneider CV, Schneider KM, Teumer A, Rudolph KL, Hartmann D, Rader DJ, Strnad P
JAMA Intern Med 2022 Mar 1;182(3):291-300. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.7804. PMID: 35040871Free PMC Article
Wang S, Liu Y, Shang Y, Zhai B, Yang X, Kleckner N, Zhang L
Bioessays 2019 Oct;41(10):e1800221. Epub 2019 Aug 19 doi: 10.1002/bies.201800221. PMID: 31424607Free PMC Article
Shahrabi S, Khodadi E, Saba F, Shahjahani M, Saki N
Hematology 2018 Apr;23(3):139-147. Epub 2017 Sep 10 doi: 10.1080/10245332.2017.1375063. PMID: 28889783
Turleau C
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2008 Feb 19;3:4. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-3-4. PMID: 18284672Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Viuff M, Skakkebæk A, Johannsen EB, Chang S, Pedersen SB, Lauritsen KM, Pedersen MGB, Trolle C, Just J, Gravholt CH
Genome Med 2023 Mar 28;15(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s13073-023-01169-4. PMID: 36978128Free PMC Article
Kovaleva NV, Cotter PD
J Appl Genet 2022 May;63(2):281-291. Epub 2022 Jan 1 doi: 10.1007/s13353-021-00673-w. PMID: 34973130Free PMC Article
Shahrabi S, Khodadi E, Saba F, Shahjahani M, Saki N
Hematology 2018 Apr;23(3):139-147. Epub 2017 Sep 10 doi: 10.1080/10245332.2017.1375063. PMID: 28889783
Cisyk AL, Penner-Goeke S, Lichtensztejn Z, Nugent Z, Wightman RH, Singh H, McManus KJ
Neoplasia 2015 Mar;17(3):306-16. doi: 10.1016/j.neo.2015.02.001. PMID: 25810015Free PMC Article
Frühmesser A, Kotzot D
Sex Dev 2011;5(3):109-23. Epub 2011 Apr 29 doi: 10.1159/000327324. PMID: 21540567

Recent systematic reviews

Petriti U, Dudman DC, Scosyrev E, Lopez-Leon S
Syst Rev 2023 Jan 16;12(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s13643-023-02169-6. PMID: 36642718Free PMC Article
Rose NC, Barrie ES, Malinowski J, Jenkins GP, McClain MR, LaGrave D, Leung ML; ACMG Professional Practice and Guidelines Committee. Electronic address: documents@acmg.net
Genet Med 2022 Jul;24(7):1379-1391. Epub 2022 May 24 doi: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.03.019. PMID: 35608568
Houston BJ, Riera-Escamilla A, Wyrwoll MJ, Salas-Huetos A, Xavier MJ, Nagirnaja L, Friedrich C, Conrad DF, Aston KI, Krausz C, Tüttelmann F, O'Bryan MK, Veltman JA, Oud MS
Hum Reprod Update 2021 Dec 21;28(1):15-29. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmab030. PMID: 34498060Free PMC Article
Babu R, Shah U
J Pediatr Urol 2021 Feb;17(1):39-47. Epub 2020 Nov 12 doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2020.11.017. PMID: 33246831
Hartwig TS, Ambye L, Sørensen S, Jørgensen FS
Prenat Diagn 2017 Jun;37(6):527-539. Epub 2017 Jun 1 doi: 10.1002/pd.5049. PMID: 28382695

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