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Prehypertension

MedGen UID:
352152
•Concept ID:
C1696708
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Pre Hypertension; Pre-Hypertension; Pre-Hypertensions; Prehypertensions
SNOMED CT: Prehypertension (702817009)

Definition

Average of two or more properly measured readings at each of two or more visits after an initial screen with a systolic 120 to 139 mmHg or diastolic 80 to 89 mmHg. [from SNOMEDCT_US]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVPrehypertension

Professional guidelines

PubMed

China Stroke Statistics: an update on the 2019 report from the National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, the Chinese Stroke Association, National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and Institute for Global Neuroscience and Stroke Collaborations.
Wang YJ, Li ZX, Gu HQ, Zhai Y, Zhou Q, Jiang Y, Zhao XQ, Wang YL, Yang X, Wang CJ, Meng X, Li H, Liu LP, Jing J, Wu J, Xu AD, Dong Q, Wang D, Wang WZ, Ma XD, Zhao JZ; China Stroke Statistics Writing Committee
Stroke Vasc Neurol 2022 Oct;7(5):415-450. Epub 2022 Apr 20 doi: 10.1136/svn-2021-001374. PMID: 35443985Free PMC Article
Non-pharmacological management of hypertension: in the light of current research.
Mahmood S, Shah KU, Khan TM, Nawaz S, Rashid H, Baqar SWA, Kamran S
Ir J Med Sci 2019 May;188(2):437-452. Epub 2018 Aug 22 doi: 10.1007/s11845-018-1889-8. PMID: 30136222
Clinical Practice Guideline for Screening and Management of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents.
Flynn JT, Kaelber DC, Baker-Smith CM, Blowey D, Carroll AE, Daniels SR, de Ferranti SD, Dionne JM, Falkner B, Flinn SK, Gidding SS, Goodwin C, Leu MG, Powers ME, Rea C, Samuels J, Simasek M, Thaker VV, Urbina EM; SUBCOMMITTEE ON SCREENING AND MANAGEMENT OF HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE IN CHILDREN
Pediatrics 2017 Sep;140(3) Epub 2017 Aug 21 doi: 10.1542/peds.2017-1904. PMID: 28827377

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Isometric handgrip exercise training attenuates blood pressure in prehypertensive subjects at 30% maximum voluntary contraction.
Ogbutor GU, Nwangwa EK, Uyagu DD
Niger J Clin Pract 2019 Dec;22(12):1765-1771. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_240_18. PMID: 31793486
Physical Activity to Prevent and Treat Hypertension: A Systematic Review.
Pescatello LS, Buchner DM, Jakicic JM, Powell KE, Kraus WE, Bloodgood B, Campbell WW, Dietz S, Dipietro L, George SM, Macko RF, McTiernan A, Pate RR, Piercy KL; 2018 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY GUIDELINES ADVISORY COMMITTEE*
Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019 Jun;51(6):1314-1323. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001943. PMID: 31095088
Relationship Between Prehypertension/Hypertension and Periodontal Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Kawabata Y, Ekuni D, Miyai H, Kataoka K, Yamane M, Mizutani S, Irie K, Azuma T, Tomofuji T, Iwasaki Y, Morita M
Am J Hypertens 2016 Mar;29(3):388-96. Epub 2015 Jul 23 doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpv117. PMID: 26208668
Hypertension.
Brady TM
Pediatr Rev 2012 Dec;33(12):541-52. doi: 10.1542/pir.33-12-541. PMID: 23204396
Prehypertension.
Elliott WJ, Black HR
Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med 2007 Oct;4(10):538-48. doi: 10.1038/ncpcardio0989. PMID: 17893682

Diagnosis

Effects of diaphragmatic deep breathing exercises on prehypertensive or hypertensive adults: A literature review.
Yau KK, Loke AY
Complement Ther Clin Pract 2021 May;43:101315. Epub 2021 Jan 26 doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101315. PMID: 33530033
Nonpharmacologic Interventions for Reducing Blood Pressure in Adults With Prehypertension to Established Hypertension.
Fu J, Liu Y, Zhang L, Zhou L, Li D, Quan H, Zhu L, Hu F, Li X, Meng S, Yan R, Zhao S, Onwuka JU, Yang B, Sun D, Zhao Y
J Am Heart Assoc 2020 Oct 20;9(19):e016804. Epub 2020 Sep 25 doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.016804. PMID: 32975166Free PMC Article
Status of Hypertension in China: Results From the China Hypertension Survey, 2012-2015.
Wang Z, Chen Z, Zhang L, Wang X, Hao G, Zhang Z, Shao L, Tian Y, Dong Y, Zheng C, Wang J, Zhu M, Weintraub WS, Gao R; China Hypertension Survey Investigators
Circulation 2018 May 29;137(22):2344-2356. Epub 2018 Feb 15 doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032380. PMID: 29449338
Exercise training for blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Cornelissen VA, Smart NA
J Am Heart Assoc 2013 Feb 1;2(1):e004473. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.112.004473. PMID: 23525435Free PMC Article
Systemic hypertension.
Elliott WJ
Curr Probl Cardiol 2007 Apr;32(4):201-59. doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2007.01.002. PMID: 17398315

Therapy

Chronic effect of resistance training on blood pressure in older adults with prehypertension and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Henkin JS, Pinto RS, Machado CLF, Wilhelm EN
Exp Gerontol 2023 Jun 15;177:112193. Epub 2023 May 16 doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112193. PMID: 37121334
Nonpharmacologic Interventions for Reducing Blood Pressure in Adults With Prehypertension to Established Hypertension.
Fu J, Liu Y, Zhang L, Zhou L, Li D, Quan H, Zhu L, Hu F, Li X, Meng S, Yan R, Zhao S, Onwuka JU, Yang B, Sun D, Zhao Y
J Am Heart Assoc 2020 Oct 20;9(19):e016804. Epub 2020 Sep 25 doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.016804. PMID: 32975166Free PMC Article
Status of Hypertension in China: Results From the China Hypertension Survey, 2012-2015.
Wang Z, Chen Z, Zhang L, Wang X, Hao G, Zhang Z, Shao L, Tian Y, Dong Y, Zheng C, Wang J, Zhu M, Weintraub WS, Gao R; China Hypertension Survey Investigators
Circulation 2018 May 29;137(22):2344-2356. Epub 2018 Feb 15 doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032380. PMID: 29449338
Exercise training for blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Cornelissen VA, Smart NA
J Am Heart Assoc 2013 Feb 1;2(1):e004473. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.112.004473. PMID: 23525435Free PMC Article
Systemic hypertension.
Elliott WJ
Curr Probl Cardiol 2007 Apr;32(4):201-59. doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2007.01.002. PMID: 17398315

Prognosis

The prevalence and influencing factors of coexisting prediabetes and prehypertension among Bangladeshi adults.
Yesmin M, Ali M, Saha S
BMC Public Health 2023 Jun 20;23(1):1184. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-16090-z. PMID: 37337196Free PMC Article
China Stroke Statistics: an update on the 2019 report from the National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, the Chinese Stroke Association, National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and Institute for Global Neuroscience and Stroke Collaborations.
Wang YJ, Li ZX, Gu HQ, Zhai Y, Zhou Q, Jiang Y, Zhao XQ, Wang YL, Yang X, Wang CJ, Meng X, Li H, Liu LP, Jing J, Wu J, Xu AD, Dong Q, Wang D, Wang WZ, Ma XD, Zhao JZ; China Stroke Statistics Writing Committee
Stroke Vasc Neurol 2022 Oct;7(5):415-450. Epub 2022 Apr 20 doi: 10.1136/svn-2021-001374. PMID: 35443985Free PMC Article
Prehypertension--prevalence, health risks, and management strategies.
Egan BM, Stevens-Fabry S
Nat Rev Cardiol 2015 May;12(5):289-300. Epub 2015 Feb 17 doi: 10.1038/nrcardio.2015.17. PMID: 25687779
Association of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality with prehypertension: a meta-analysis.
Huang Y, Su L, Cai X, Mai W, Wang S, Hu Y, Wu Y, Tang H, Xu D
Am Heart J 2014 Feb;167(2):160-168.e1. Epub 2013 Nov 6 doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2013.10.023. PMID: 24439976
Hypertension.
Brady TM
Pediatr Rev 2012 Dec;33(12):541-52. doi: 10.1542/pir.33-12-541. PMID: 23204396

Clinical prediction guides

Chronic effect of resistance training on blood pressure in older adults with prehypertension and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Henkin JS, Pinto RS, Machado CLF, Wilhelm EN
Exp Gerontol 2023 Jun 15;177:112193. Epub 2023 May 16 doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112193. PMID: 37121334
Isometric handgrip exercise training attenuates blood pressure in prehypertensive subjects at 30% maximum voluntary contraction.
Ogbutor GU, Nwangwa EK, Uyagu DD
Niger J Clin Pract 2019 Dec;22(12):1765-1771. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_240_18. PMID: 31793486
Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to the development of hypertension.
Li J, Zhao F, Wang Y, Chen J, Tao J, Tian G, Wu S, Liu W, Cui Q, Geng B, Zhang W, Weldon R, Auguste K, Yang L, Liu X, Chen L, Yang X, Zhu B, Cai J
Microbiome 2017 Feb 1;5(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s40168-016-0222-x. PMID: 28143587Free PMC Article
Relationship Between Prehypertension/Hypertension and Periodontal Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Kawabata Y, Ekuni D, Miyai H, Kataoka K, Yamane M, Mizutani S, Irie K, Azuma T, Tomofuji T, Iwasaki Y, Morita M
Am J Hypertens 2016 Mar;29(3):388-96. Epub 2015 Jul 23 doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpv117. PMID: 26208668
Exercise training for blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Cornelissen VA, Smart NA
J Am Heart Assoc 2013 Feb 1;2(1):e004473. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.112.004473. PMID: 23525435Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Chronic effect of resistance training on blood pressure in older adults with prehypertension and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Henkin JS, Pinto RS, Machado CLF, Wilhelm EN
Exp Gerontol 2023 Jun 15;177:112193. Epub 2023 May 16 doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112193. PMID: 37121334
Nonpharmacologic Interventions for Reducing Blood Pressure in Adults With Prehypertension to Established Hypertension.
Fu J, Liu Y, Zhang L, Zhou L, Li D, Quan H, Zhu L, Hu F, Li X, Meng S, Yan R, Zhao S, Onwuka JU, Yang B, Sun D, Zhao Y
J Am Heart Assoc 2020 Oct 20;9(19):e016804. Epub 2020 Sep 25 doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.016804. PMID: 32975166Free PMC Article
Global Prevalence of Hypertension in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Song P, Zhang Y, Yu J, Zha M, Zhu Y, Rahimi K, Rudan I
JAMA Pediatr 2019 Dec 1;173(12):1154-1163. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3310. PMID: 31589252Free PMC Article
Physical Activity to Prevent and Treat Hypertension: A Systematic Review.
Pescatello LS, Buchner DM, Jakicic JM, Powell KE, Kraus WE, Bloodgood B, Campbell WW, Dietz S, Dipietro L, George SM, Macko RF, McTiernan A, Pate RR, Piercy KL; 2018 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY GUIDELINES ADVISORY COMMITTEE*
Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019 Jun;51(6):1314-1323. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001943. PMID: 31095088
Exercise training for blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Cornelissen VA, Smart NA
J Am Heart Assoc 2013 Feb 1;2(1):e004473. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.112.004473. PMID: 23525435Free PMC Article

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