U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Excessive Blinking

MedGen UID:
353668
•Concept ID:
C1707960
•
Finding

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVExcessive Blinking

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Long-term treatment of blepharospasm with botulinum toxin A: a service-based study over a 16-year follow-up in southern China.
Fang XB, Xie MS, Song ZB, Zhong ZG, Wang Y, Ou ZL, Dang C, Li L, Zhang WX
Neurol Sci 2020 Mar;41(3):645-652. Epub 2019 Nov 19 doi: 10.1007/s10072-019-04123-8. PMID: 31745757
Management of digital eye strain.
Coles-Brennan C, Sulley A, Young G
Clin Exp Optom 2019 Jan;102(1):18-29. Epub 2018 May 23 doi: 10.1111/cxo.12798. PMID: 29797453
Difficulties with differentiating botulinum toxin treatment effects in essential blepharospasm.
Wabbels B, Jost WH, Roggenkämper P
J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2011 Jun;118(6):925-43. Epub 2011 Jan 9 doi: 10.1007/s00702-010-0546-9. PMID: 21221669Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Divergence excess and basic exotropia types of intermittent exotropia: a major review. Part 1: prevalence, classification, risk factors, natural history and clinical characteristics.
Ma MM, Scheiman M
Strabismus 2023 Jun;31(2):97-128. Epub 2023 Jul 25 doi: 10.1080/09273972.2023.2227681. PMID: 37489263
Impact of femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis on retinal ganglion cell function.
Lauzirika G, Arranz-Marquez E, Garcia-Gonzalez M, Hernández-Verdejo JL, Teus MA
Eur J Ophthalmol 2022 May;32(3):1441-1447. Epub 2021 Jul 27 doi: 10.1177/11206721211035633. PMID: 34313139
Difficulties with differentiating botulinum toxin treatment effects in essential blepharospasm.
Wabbels B, Jost WH, Roggenkämper P
J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2011 Jun;118(6):925-43. Epub 2011 Jan 9 doi: 10.1007/s00702-010-0546-9. PMID: 21221669Free PMC Article
Excessive blinking in childhood: a prospective evaluation of 99 children.
Coats DK, Paysse EA, Kim DS
Ophthalmology 2001 Sep;108(9):1556-61. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(01)00644-3. PMID: 11535449
Functional blinking in childhood.
Vrabec TR, Levin AV, Nelson LB
Pediatrics 1989 Jun;83(6):967-70. PMID: 2726353

Diagnosis

Divergence excess and basic exotropia types of intermittent exotropia: a major review. Part 1: prevalence, classification, risk factors, natural history and clinical characteristics.
Ma MM, Scheiman M
Strabismus 2023 Jun;31(2):97-128. Epub 2023 Jul 25 doi: 10.1080/09273972.2023.2227681. PMID: 37489263
Pretarsal blepharospasm: Clinical and electromyographic characteristics.
Grandas F, Traba A, Perez-Sanchez JR, Esteban A
Clin Neurophysiol 2020 Jul;131(7):1678-1685. Epub 2020 Apr 2 doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.03.016. PMID: 32280019
Episodic Excessive Blinking in Children.
Mali YP, Simon JW, Chaudhri I, Zobal-Ratner J, Barry GP
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2016 Jan-Feb;53(1):22-4. doi: 10.3928/01913913-20150929-18. PMID: 26835998
Excessive blinking and ataxia in a child with occult neuroblastoma and voltage-gated potassium channel antibodies.
Allen NM, McKeon A, O'Rourke DJ, O'Meara A, King MD
Pediatrics 2012 May;129(5):e1348-52. Epub 2012 Apr 23 doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-2690. PMID: 22529275
Difficulties with differentiating botulinum toxin treatment effects in essential blepharospasm.
Wabbels B, Jost WH, Roggenkämper P
J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2011 Jun;118(6):925-43. Epub 2011 Jan 9 doi: 10.1007/s00702-010-0546-9. PMID: 21221669Free PMC Article

Therapy

Impact of femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis on retinal ganglion cell function.
Lauzirika G, Arranz-Marquez E, Garcia-Gonzalez M, Hernández-Verdejo JL, Teus MA
Eur J Ophthalmol 2022 May;32(3):1441-1447. Epub 2021 Jul 27 doi: 10.1177/11206721211035633. PMID: 34313139
Long-term treatment of blepharospasm with botulinum toxin A: a service-based study over a 16-year follow-up in southern China.
Fang XB, Xie MS, Song ZB, Zhong ZG, Wang Y, Ou ZL, Dang C, Li L, Zhang WX
Neurol Sci 2020 Mar;41(3):645-652. Epub 2019 Nov 19 doi: 10.1007/s10072-019-04123-8. PMID: 31745757
Blepharospasm: an uncommon adverse effect caused by long-term administration of olanzapine.
Arora T, Maharshi V, Rehan HS, Nagar P
J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2017 Jan 1;28(1):85-87. doi: 10.1515/jbcpp-2016-0037. PMID: 27658142
Difficulties with differentiating botulinum toxin treatment effects in essential blepharospasm.
Wabbels B, Jost WH, Roggenkämper P
J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2011 Jun;118(6):925-43. Epub 2011 Jan 9 doi: 10.1007/s00702-010-0546-9. PMID: 21221669Free PMC Article
Enhanced long-term potentiation-like plasticity of the trigeminal blink reflex circuit in blepharospasm.
Quartarone A, Sant'Angelo A, Battaglia F, Bagnato S, Rizzo V, Morgante F, Rothwell JC, Siebner HR, Girlanda P
J Neurosci 2006 Jan 11;26(2):716-21. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3948-05.2006. PMID: 16407569Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Pupillometric and blink measures of diverse task loads: Implications for working memory models.
Chen S, Epps J, Paas F
Br J Educ Psychol 2023 Aug;93 Suppl 2:318-338. Epub 2022 Dec 26 doi: 10.1111/bjep.12577. PMID: 36572995
Long-term treatment of blepharospasm with botulinum toxin A: a service-based study over a 16-year follow-up in southern China.
Fang XB, Xie MS, Song ZB, Zhong ZG, Wang Y, Ou ZL, Dang C, Li L, Zhang WX
Neurol Sci 2020 Mar;41(3):645-652. Epub 2019 Nov 19 doi: 10.1007/s10072-019-04123-8. PMID: 31745757
Episodic Excessive Blinking in Children.
Mali YP, Simon JW, Chaudhri I, Zobal-Ratner J, Barry GP
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2016 Jan-Feb;53(1):22-4. doi: 10.3928/01913913-20150929-18. PMID: 26835998
The frequency of ocular symptoms during spectacle and daily soft and rigid contact lens wear.
Vajdic C, Holden BA, Sweeney DF, Cornish RM
Optom Vis Sci 1999 Oct;76(10):705-11. doi: 10.1097/00006324-199910000-00022. PMID: 10524786
Functional blinking in childhood.
Vrabec TR, Levin AV, Nelson LB
Pediatrics 1989 Jun;83(6):967-70. PMID: 2726353

Clinical prediction guides

Divergence excess and basic exotropia types of intermittent exotropia: a major review. Part 1: prevalence, classification, risk factors, natural history and clinical characteristics.
Ma MM, Scheiman M
Strabismus 2023 Jun;31(2):97-128. Epub 2023 Jul 25 doi: 10.1080/09273972.2023.2227681. PMID: 37489263
Pupillometric and blink measures of diverse task loads: Implications for working memory models.
Chen S, Epps J, Paas F
Br J Educ Psychol 2023 Aug;93 Suppl 2:318-338. Epub 2022 Dec 26 doi: 10.1111/bjep.12577. PMID: 36572995
Impact of femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis on retinal ganglion cell function.
Lauzirika G, Arranz-Marquez E, Garcia-Gonzalez M, Hernández-Verdejo JL, Teus MA
Eur J Ophthalmol 2022 May;32(3):1441-1447. Epub 2021 Jul 27 doi: 10.1177/11206721211035633. PMID: 34313139
Long-term treatment of blepharospasm with botulinum toxin A: a service-based study over a 16-year follow-up in southern China.
Fang XB, Xie MS, Song ZB, Zhong ZG, Wang Y, Ou ZL, Dang C, Li L, Zhang WX
Neurol Sci 2020 Mar;41(3):645-652. Epub 2019 Nov 19 doi: 10.1007/s10072-019-04123-8. PMID: 31745757
Blepharospasm: an uncommon adverse effect caused by long-term administration of olanzapine.
Arora T, Maharshi V, Rehan HS, Nagar P
J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2017 Jan 1;28(1):85-87. doi: 10.1515/jbcpp-2016-0037. PMID: 27658142

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Related information

    • PMC Articles
      Related information in PubMed Central Links
    • PubMed
      Related literature resources in PubMed

    Recent activity

    Clear Turn Off Turn On

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...