U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine(OPLL)

MedGen UID:
355447
Concept ID:
C1865343
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: OPLL; OSSIFICATION OF THE POSTERIOR LONGITUDINAL LIGAMENT OF SPINE
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0011230
OMIM®: 602475

Definition

Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine (OPLL) is a common degenerative spinal disorder that causes severe neurologic dysfunction in middle-aged and elderly populations. This ectopic ossification results in compression of the spinal cord and nerve root by the ossified ligament. Histologic studies of OPLL suggest that OPLL develops through a process of endochondral ossification (summary by Nakajima et al., 2016). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Spinal cord compression
MedGen UID:
11549
Concept ID:
C0037926
Disease or Syndrome
External mechanical compression of the spinal cord.
Myelopathy
MedGen UID:
11550
Concept ID:
C0037928
Disease or Syndrome
A non neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the spinal cord.
Hyperreflexia
MedGen UID:
57738
Concept ID:
C0151889
Finding
Hyperreflexia is the presence of hyperactive stretch reflexes of the muscles.
Ectopic ossification
MedGen UID:
18209
Concept ID:
C0029396
Pathologic Function
Formation of abnormal, extraskeletal bony tissue, i.e., the presence of bone in soft tissue where bone normally does not exist.
Increased bone mineral density
MedGen UID:
10502
Concept ID:
C0029464
Disease or Syndrome
An abnormal increase of bone mineral density, that is, of the amount of matter per cubic centimeter of bones which is often referred to as osteosclerosis. Osteosclerosis can be detected on radiological examination as an increased whiteness (density) of affected bones.
Abnormality of the vertebral column
MedGen UID:
892426
Concept ID:
C4021789
Anatomical Abnormality
Any abnormality of the vertebral column.
Diabetes mellitus
MedGen UID:
8350
Concept ID:
C0011849
Disease or Syndrome
A group of abnormalities characterized by hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Ando K, Imagama S, Kobayashi K, Hida T, Ito K, Tsushima M, Ishikawa Y, Matsumoto A, Nishida Y, Ishiguro N
Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2017 Mar 15;42(6):407-410. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000001769. PMID: 27398886
Lee SH, Agashe MV, Suh SW, Yoon YC, Song SH, Yang JH, Lee H, Song HR
Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2012 Jun 1;37(13):E792-6. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e31824a3dc8. PMID: 22261628

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Nakajima M, Koido M, Guo L, Terao C, Ikegawa S
Am J Hum Genet 2023 Apr 6;110(4):638-647. Epub 2023 Mar 28 doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.03.004. PMID: 36990086Free PMC Article
Mori K, Yoshii T, Egawa S, Sakai K, Kusano K, Tsutsui S, Hirai T, Matsukura Y, Wada K, Katsumi K, Koda M, Kimura A, Furuya T, Maki S, Nagoshi N, Nishida N, Nagamoto Y, Oshima Y, Ando K, Nakashima H, Takahata M, Nakajima H, Murata K, Miyagi M, Kaito T, Yamada K, Banno T, Kato S, Ohba T, Inami S, Fujibayashi S, Katoh H, Kanno H, Taneichi H, Imagama S, Kawaguchi Y, Takeshita K, Matsumoto M, Yamazaki M, Okawa A
Sci Rep 2022 May 25;12(1):8884. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-12625-3. PMID: 35614091Free PMC Article
Endo T, Koike Y, Miyoshi H, Hisada Y, Fujita R, Suzuki R, Tanaka M, Tsujimoto T, Shimamura Y, Hasegawa Y, Kanayama M, Hashimoto T, Oha F, Noro N, Komano K, Ishii M, Ito YM, Iwasaki N, Takahata M
Sci Rep 2021 Aug 31;11(1):17412. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-96714-9. PMID: 34465807Free PMC Article
Nakajima M, Kou I, Ohashi H; Genetic Study Group of the Investigation Committee on the Ossification of Spinal Ligaments, Ikegawa S
Am J Hum Genet 2016 Jul 7;99(1):202-7. Epub 2016 Jun 30 doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.05.018. PMID: 27374772Free PMC Article
Kashii M, Matuso Y, Sugiura T, Fujimori T, Nagamoto Y, Makino T, Kaito T, Ebina K, Iwasaki M, Yoshikawa H
J Bone Miner Metab 2016 May;34(3):315-24. Epub 2015 Jun 4 doi: 10.1007/s00774-015-0671-5. PMID: 26040409

Diagnosis

Janjua MB, Reddy S, El Ahmadieh TY, Ban VS, Ozturk AK, Hwang SW, Samdani AF, Passias PG, Welch WC, Arlet V
J Clin Neurosci 2020 Jan;71:263-270. Epub 2019 Oct 9 doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.08.102. PMID: 31606286
Mori K, Yoshii T, Hirai T, Iwanami A, Takeuchi K, Yamada T, Seki S, Tsuji T, Fujiyoshi K, Furukawa M, Nishimura S, Wada K, Koda M, Furuya T, Matsuyama Y, Hasegawa T, Takeshita K, Kimura A, Abematsu M, Haro H, Ohba T, Watanabe M, Katoh H, Watanabe K, Ozawa H, Kanno H, Imagama S, Ito Z, Fujibayashi S, Yamazaki M, Matsumoto M, Nakamura M, Okawa A, Kawaguchi Y
BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2016 Dec 1;17(1):492. doi: 10.1186/s12891-016-1350-y. PMID: 27903251Free PMC Article
Kudo H, Yokoyama T, Tsushima E, Ono A, Numasawa T, Wada K, Tanaka S, Toh S
Eur Spine J 2013 Jan;22(1):205-10. Epub 2012 Nov 21 doi: 10.1007/s00586-012-2573-8. PMID: 23179977Free PMC Article
Trojan DA, Pouchot J, Pokrupa R, Ford RM, Adamsbaum C, Hill RO, Esdaile JM
Am J Med 1992 Mar;92(3):296-306. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(92)90080-u. PMID: 1546729
Tsuyama N
Clin Orthop Relat Res 1984 Apr;(184):71-84. PMID: 6423334

Therapy

Kashii M, Matuso Y, Sugiura T, Fujimori T, Nagamoto Y, Makino T, Kaito T, Ebina K, Iwasaki M, Yoshikawa H
J Bone Miner Metab 2016 May;34(3):315-24. Epub 2015 Jun 4 doi: 10.1007/s00774-015-0671-5. PMID: 26040409
Kobashi G, Ohta K, Washio M, Okamoto K, Sasaki S, Yokoyama T, Miyake Y, Sakamoto N, Hata A, Tamashiro H, Inaba Y, Tanaka H; Japan Collaborative Epidemiological Study Group for Evaluation of Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament of the Spine Risk
Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2008 Jul 15;33(16):E553-8. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e31817e9de2. PMID: 18628697
Washio M, Kobashi G, Okamoto K, Sasaki S, Yokoyama T, Miyake Y, Sakamoto N, Ohta K, Inaba Y, Tanaka H; Japan Collaborative Epidemiological Study Group for Evaluation of Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament of thr Spine Risk
J Epidemiol 2004 Sep;14(5):168-73. doi: 10.2188/jea.14.168. PMID: 15478672Free PMC Article
Trojan DA, Pouchot J, Pokrupa R, Ford RM, Adamsbaum C, Hill RO, Esdaile JM
Am J Med 1992 Mar;92(3):296-306. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(92)90080-u. PMID: 1546729
Terayama K
Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1989 Nov;14(11):1184-91. doi: 10.1097/00007632-198911000-00009. PMID: 2513651

Prognosis

Nakajima M, Koido M, Guo L, Terao C, Ikegawa S
Am J Hum Genet 2023 Apr 6;110(4):638-647. Epub 2023 Mar 28 doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.03.004. PMID: 36990086Free PMC Article
Endo T, Koike Y, Miyoshi H, Hisada Y, Fujita R, Suzuki R, Tanaka M, Tsujimoto T, Shimamura Y, Hasegawa Y, Kanayama M, Hashimoto T, Oha F, Noro N, Komano K, Ishii M, Ito YM, Iwasaki N, Takahata M
Sci Rep 2021 Aug 31;11(1):17412. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-96714-9. PMID: 34465807Free PMC Article
Xu G, Liu C, Liang T, Qin Z, Yu CJ, Zhang Z, Jiang J, Chen J, Zhan X
Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 May 22;99(21):e20268. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000020268. PMID: 32481304Free PMC Article
Janjua MB, Reddy S, El Ahmadieh TY, Ban VS, Ozturk AK, Hwang SW, Samdani AF, Passias PG, Welch WC, Arlet V
J Clin Neurosci 2020 Jan;71:263-270. Epub 2019 Oct 9 doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.08.102. PMID: 31606286
Washio M, Kobashi G, Okamoto K, Sasaki S, Yokoyama T, Miyake Y, Sakamoto N, Ohta K, Inaba Y, Tanaka H; Japan Collaborative Epidemiological Study Group for Evaluation of Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament of thr Spine Risk
J Epidemiol 2004 Sep;14(5):168-73. doi: 10.2188/jea.14.168. PMID: 15478672Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Nakajima M, Koido M, Guo L, Terao C, Ikegawa S
Am J Hum Genet 2023 Apr 6;110(4):638-647. Epub 2023 Mar 28 doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.03.004. PMID: 36990086Free PMC Article
Kwon WK, Ham CH, Moon HJ, Kim JH, Park YK
Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2023 Apr;227:107668. Epub 2023 Mar 9 doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2023.107668. PMID: 36924696
Mori K, Yoshii T, Hirai T, Maki S, Katsumi K, Nagoshi N, Nishimura S, Takeuchi K, Ushio S, Furuya T, Watanabe K, Nishida N, Watanabe K, Kaito T, Kato S, Nagashima K, Koda M, Ito K, Imagama S, Matsuoka Y, Wada K, Kimura A, Ohba T, Katoh H, Matsuyama Y, Ozawa H, Haro H, Takeshita K, Watanabe M, Matsumoto M, Nakamura M, Yamazaki M, Okawa A, Kawaguchi Y
J Orthop Sci 2022 Jul;27(4):760-766. Epub 2021 Jun 4 doi: 10.1016/j.jos.2021.04.010. PMID: 34092477
Xu G, Liu C, Liang T, Qin Z, Yu CJ, Zhang Z, Jiang J, Chen J, Zhan X
Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 May 22;99(21):e20268. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000020268. PMID: 32481304Free PMC Article
Lee SH, Agashe MV, Suh SW, Yoon YC, Song SH, Yang JH, Lee H, Song HR
Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2012 Jun 1;37(13):E792-6. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e31824a3dc8. PMID: 22261628

Recent systematic reviews

Xu G, Liu C, Liang T, Qin Z, Yu CJ, Zhang Z, Jiang J, Chen J, Zhan X
Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 May 22;99(21):e20268. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000020268. PMID: 32481304Free PMC Article

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Recent activity

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...