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Short stature-craniofacial anomalies-genital hypoplasia syndrome

MedGen UID:
357988
Concept ID:
C1867443
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Haspeslagh syndrome; Pterygia mental retardation facial dysmorphism; Pterygia, mental retardation and distinctive craniofacial features
SNOMED CT: Short stature with craniofacial anomalies and genital hypoplasia syndrome (716090004); Haspeslagh Fryns Muelenaere syndrome (716090004)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0008335
OMIM®: 177980
Orphanet: ORPHA2994

Definition

Pterygia, impaired intellectual development, and distinctive craniofacial features is a chromosomal disorder characterized by these cardinal features. Craniofacial features include trigonocephaly and retrognathia. Intellectual development may be severely impaired (summary by Devriendt et al., 2000). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Hypospadias
MedGen UID:
163083
Concept ID:
C0848558
Congenital Abnormality
Abnormal position of urethral meatus on the ventral penile shaft (underside) characterized by displacement of the urethral meatus from the tip of the glans penis to the ventral surface of the penis, scrotum, or perineum.
Hypoplastic female external genitalia
MedGen UID:
868321
Concept ID:
C4022715
Anatomical Abnormality
Underdevelopment of part or all of the female external reproductive organs (which include the mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, Bartholin glands, and clitoris).
Clubfoot
MedGen UID:
3130
Concept ID:
C0009081
Congenital Abnormality
Clubfoot is a congenital limb deformity defined as fixation of the foot in cavus, adductus, varus, and equinus (i.e., inclined inwards, axially rotated outwards, and pointing downwards) with concomitant soft tissue abnormalities (Cardy et al., 2007). Clubfoot may occur in isolation or as part of a syndrome (e.g., diastrophic dysplasia, 222600). Clubfoot has been reported with deficiency of long bones and mirror-image polydactyly (Gurnett et al., 2008; Klopocki et al., 2012).
Short stature
MedGen UID:
87607
Concept ID:
C0349588
Finding
A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms).
Abnormal pinna morphology
MedGen UID:
167800
Concept ID:
C0857379
Congenital Abnormality
An abnormality of the pinna, which is also referred to as the auricle or external ear.
Seizure
MedGen UID:
20693
Concept ID:
C0036572
Sign or Symptom
A seizure is an intermittent abnormality of nervous system physiology characterized by a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.
Hypoplasia of the corpus callosum
MedGen UID:
138005
Concept ID:
C0344482
Congenital Abnormality
Underdevelopment of the corpus callosum.
Abnormal cortical gyration
MedGen UID:
343457
Concept ID:
C1856019
Anatomical Abnormality
An abnormality of the gyri (i.e., the ridges) of the cerebral cortex of the brain.
Intellectual disability
MedGen UID:
811461
Concept ID:
C3714756
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, is characterized by subnormal intellectual functioning that occurs during the developmental period. It is defined by an IQ score below 70.
Frontal bossing
MedGen UID:
67453
Concept ID:
C0221354
Congenital Abnormality
Bilateral bulging of the lateral frontal bone prominences with relative sparing of the midline.
Trigonocephaly
MedGen UID:
82713
Concept ID:
C0265535
Congenital Abnormality
Wedge-shaped, or triangular head, with the apex of the triangle at the midline of the forehead and the base of the triangle at the occiput.
Microretrognathia
MedGen UID:
326907
Concept ID:
C1839546
Finding
A form of developmental hypoplasia of the mandible in which the mandible is mislocalised posteriorly.
Malar flattening
MedGen UID:
347616
Concept ID:
C1858085
Finding
Underdevelopment of the malar prominence of the jugal bone (zygomatic bone in mammals), appreciated in profile, frontal view, and/or by palpation.
Pectus excavatum
MedGen UID:
781174
Concept ID:
C2051831
Finding
A defect of the chest wall characterized by a depression of the sternum, giving the chest ("pectus") a caved-in ("excavatum") appearance.
Narrow mouth
MedGen UID:
44435
Concept ID:
C0026034
Congenital Abnormality
Distance between the commissures of the mouth more than 2 SD below the mean. Alternatively, an apparently decreased width of the oral aperture (subjective).
Epicanthus
MedGen UID:
151862
Concept ID:
C0678230
Congenital Abnormality
Epicanthus is a condition in which a fold of skin stretches from the upper to the lower eyelid, partially covering the inner canthus. Usher (1935) noted that epicanthus is a normal finding in the fetus of all races. Epicanthus also occurs in association with hereditary ptosis (110100).
Prominent forehead
MedGen UID:
373291
Concept ID:
C1837260
Finding
Forward prominence of the entire forehead, due to protrusion of the frontal bone.
Flat face
MedGen UID:
342829
Concept ID:
C1853241
Finding
Absence of concavity or convexity of the face when viewed in profile.
Pterygium
MedGen UID:
46202
Concept ID:
C0033999
Finding
Pterygia are 'winglike' triangular membranes occurring in the neck, eyes, knees, elbows, ankles or digits.
Multiple pterygia
MedGen UID:
357990
Concept ID:
C1867448
Finding
Hypoplastic nipples
MedGen UID:
98156
Concept ID:
C0432355
Congenital Abnormality
Underdevelopment of the nipple.

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVShort stature-craniofacial anomalies-genital hypoplasia syndrome
Follow this link to review classifications for Short stature-craniofacial anomalies-genital hypoplasia syndrome in Orphanet.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Lees CC, Romero R, Stampalija T, Dall'Asta A, DeVore GA, Prefumo F, Frusca T, Visser GHA, Hobbins JC, Baschat AA, Bilardo CM, Galan HL, Campbell S, Maulik D, Figueras F, Lee W, Unterscheider J, Valensise H, Da Silva Costa F, Salomon LJ, Poon LC, Ferrazzi E, Mari G, Rizzo G, Kingdom JC, Kiserud T, Hecher K
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022 Mar;226(3):366-378. Epub 2022 Jan 10 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.11.1357. PMID: 35026129Free PMC Article
Stamou MI, Georgopoulos NA
Metabolism 2018 Sep;86:124-134. Epub 2017 Nov 3 doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.10.012. PMID: 29108899Free PMC Article
Morgan T
Am Fam Physician 2007 Aug 1;76(3):405-10. PMID: 17708142

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Ogawa W, Araki E, Ishigaki Y, Hirota Y, Maegawa H, Yamauchi T, Yorifuji T, Katagiri H
Endocr J 2022 Feb 28;69(2):107-113. Epub 2022 Feb 1 doi: 10.1507/endocrj.EJ21-0725. PMID: 35110500
de Munnik SA, Hoefsloot EH, Roukema J, Schoots J, Knoers NV, Brunner HG, Jackson AP, Bongers EM
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2015 Sep 17;10:114. doi: 10.1186/s13023-015-0322-x. PMID: 26381604Free PMC Article
Cereda A, Carey JC
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2012 Oct 23;7:81. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-7-81. PMID: 23088440Free PMC Article
Cassidy SB, Schwartz S, Miller JL, Driscoll DJ
Genet Med 2012 Jan;14(1):10-26. Epub 2011 Sep 26 doi: 10.1038/gim.0b013e31822bead0. PMID: 22237428
Hedley PL, Jørgensen P, Schlamowitz S, Wangari R, Moolman-Smook J, Brink PA, Kanters JK, Corfield VA, Christiansen M
Hum Mutat 2009 Nov;30(11):1486-511. doi: 10.1002/humu.21106. PMID: 19862833

Diagnosis

Fabre A, Martinez-Vinson C, Goulet O, Badens C
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2013 Jan 9;8:5. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-8-5. PMID: 23302111Free PMC Article
Bögershausen N, Wollnik B
Clin Genet 2013 Mar;83(3):201-11. Epub 2012 Nov 26 doi: 10.1111/cge.12051. PMID: 23131014
Cereda A, Carey JC
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2012 Oct 23;7:81. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-7-81. PMID: 23088440Free PMC Article
Toydemir RM, Bamshad MJ
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2009 Mar 23;4:11. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-4-11. PMID: 19309503Free PMC Article
Marshall JD, Beck S, Maffei P, Naggert JK
Eur J Hum Genet 2007 Dec;15(12):1193-202. Epub 2007 Oct 17 doi: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201933. PMID: 17940554

Therapy

Lees CC, Romero R, Stampalija T, Dall'Asta A, DeVore GA, Prefumo F, Frusca T, Visser GHA, Hobbins JC, Baschat AA, Bilardo CM, Galan HL, Campbell S, Maulik D, Figueras F, Lee W, Unterscheider J, Valensise H, Da Silva Costa F, Salomon LJ, Poon LC, Ferrazzi E, Mari G, Rizzo G, Kingdom JC, Kiserud T, Hecher K
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022 Mar;226(3):366-378. Epub 2022 Jan 10 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.11.1357. PMID: 35026129Free PMC Article
Carrington EV, Popa SL, Chiarioni G
Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2020 Jun 9;22(7):35. doi: 10.1007/s11894-020-00768-0. PMID: 32519087
Billiauws L, Maggiori L, Joly F, Panis Y
J Visc Surg 2018 Sep;155(4):283-291. Epub 2018 Jul 21 doi: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2017.12.012. PMID: 30041905
Banderali G, Martelli A, Landi M, Moretti F, Betti F, Radaelli G, Lassandro C, Verduci E
J Transl Med 2015 Oct 15;13:327. doi: 10.1186/s12967-015-0690-y. PMID: 26472248Free PMC Article
Morgan T
Am Fam Physician 2007 Aug 1;76(3):405-10. PMID: 17708142

Prognosis

Velez JCQ, Therapondos G, Juncos LA
Nat Rev Nephrol 2020 Mar;16(3):137-155. Epub 2019 Nov 13 doi: 10.1038/s41581-019-0218-4. PMID: 31723234
Kattah JC
Stroke Vasc Neurol 2018 Dec;3(4):190-196. Epub 2018 Jun 23 doi: 10.1136/svn-2018-000160. PMID: 30637123Free PMC Article
Bertini E, Zanni G, Boltshauser E
Handb Clin Neurol 2018;155:91-103. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64189-2.00006-8. PMID: 29891079
Cereda A, Carey JC
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2012 Oct 23;7:81. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-7-81. PMID: 23088440Free PMC Article
Buchman AL
J Clin Gastroenterol 2001 Oct;33(4):289-94. doi: 10.1097/00004836-200110000-00006. PMID: 11588541

Clinical prediction guides

Khadilkar V, Shah N
Indian J Pediatr 2021 Dec;88(12):1214-1221. Epub 2021 Aug 18 doi: 10.1007/s12098-021-03893-4. PMID: 34406593
Kattah JC
Stroke Vasc Neurol 2018 Dec;3(4):190-196. Epub 2018 Jun 23 doi: 10.1136/svn-2018-000160. PMID: 30637123Free PMC Article
Fabre A, Martinez-Vinson C, Goulet O, Badens C
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2013 Jan 9;8:5. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-8-5. PMID: 23302111Free PMC Article
Brancati F, Sarkozy A, Dallapiccola B
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2006 Dec 12;1:50. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-1-50. PMID: 17163996Free PMC Article
Slavotinek A, Shaffer LG, Shapira SK
J Med Genet 1999 Sep;36(9):657-63. PMID: 10507720Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Patti G, Scaglione M, Maiorano NG, Rosti G, Divizia MT, Camia T, De Rose EL, Zucconi A, Casalini E, Napoli F, Di Iorgi N, Maghnie M
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023;14:1213098. Epub 2023 Jul 28 doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1213098. PMID: 37576960Free PMC Article
Schigt H, Bald M, van der Eerden BCJ, Gal L, Ilenwabor BP, Konrad M, Levine MA, Li D, Mache CJ, Mackin S, Perry C, Rios FJ, Schlingmann KP, Storey B, Trapp CM, Verkerk AJMH, Zillikens MC, Touyz RM, Hoorn EJ, Hoenderop JGJ, de Baaij JHF
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023 Aug 18;108(9):e754-e768. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgad147. PMID: 36916904Free PMC Article
Huang MW, Gibson RC, Jayaram MB, Caroff SN
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2022 Jul 12;7(7):CD013100. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013100.pub2. PMID: 35844143Free PMC Article
Corcuera-Flores JR, Casttellanos-Cosano L, Torres-Lagares D, Serrera-Figallo MÁ, Rodríguez-Caballero Á, Machuca-Portillo G
Clin Anat 2016 Jul;29(5):555-60. Epub 2015 Dec 21 doi: 10.1002/ca.22654. PMID: 26457586
Banderali G, Martelli A, Landi M, Moretti F, Betti F, Radaelli G, Lassandro C, Verduci E
J Transl Med 2015 Oct 15;13:327. doi: 10.1186/s12967-015-0690-y. PMID: 26472248Free PMC Article

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