From HPO
Tubulointerstitial fibrosis- MedGen UID:
- 370652
- •Concept ID:
- C1969372
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A progressive detrimental connective tissue deposition (fibrosis) on the kidney parenchyma involving the tubules and interstitial tissue of the kidney. Tubulointerstitial injury in the kidney is complex, involving a number of independent and overlapping cellular and molecular pathways, with renal interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IF/TA) as the final common pathway. However, IF and TA are separable, as shown by the profound TA in renal artery stenosis, which characteristically has little or no fibrosis (or inflammation). For new annotations it is preferable to annotate to the specific HPO terms for Renal interstitial fibrosis and/or Renal tubular atrophy.
Raynaud phenomenon- MedGen UID:
- 20474
- •Concept ID:
- C0034735
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
An episodic vasoconstriction resulting in discoloration of the skin and pain in the affected areas, often involving fingers or toes. Classically associated with triphasic color changes (white, blue, red) but may be biphasic. Often occurs in response to cold temperatures or emotional stress. May be primary or secondary to an underlying autoimmune disease.
Short stature- MedGen UID:
- 87607
- •Concept ID:
- C0349588
- •
- Finding
A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms).
Low-set ears- MedGen UID:
- 65980
- •Concept ID:
- C0239234
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Upper insertion of the ear to the scalp below an imaginary horizontal line drawn between the inner canthi of the eye and extending posteriorly to the ear.
Spastic diplegia- MedGen UID:
- 44181
- •Concept ID:
- C0023882
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Spasticity (neuromuscular hypertonia) primarily in the muscles of the legs, hips, and pelvis.
Intellectual disability, mild- MedGen UID:
- 10044
- •Concept ID:
- C0026106
- •
- Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Mild intellectual disability is defined as an intelligence quotient (IQ) in the range of 50-69.
Spasticity- MedGen UID:
- 7753
- •Concept ID:
- C0026838
- •
- Sign or Symptom
A motor disorder characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes with increased muscle tone, exaggerated (hyperexcitable) tendon reflexes.
Global developmental delay- MedGen UID:
- 107838
- •Concept ID:
- C0557874
- •
- Finding
A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.
Progressive spastic quadriplegia- MedGen UID:
- 347944
- •Concept ID:
- C1859736
- •
- Finding
Rheumatoid arthritis- MedGen UID:
- 2078
- •Concept ID:
- C0003873
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease, primarily of the joints, with autoimmune features and a complex genetic component.
Scoliosis- MedGen UID:
- 11348
- •Concept ID:
- C0036439
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.
Joint swelling- MedGen UID:
- 56258
- •Concept ID:
- C0152031
- •
- Finding
The presence of swelling in a joint.
Frontal bossing- MedGen UID:
- 67453
- •Concept ID:
- C0221354
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Bilateral bulging of the lateral frontal bone prominences with relative sparing of the midline.
Barrel-shaped chest- MedGen UID:
- 120497
- •Concept ID:
- C0264172
- •
- Finding
A rounded, bulging chest that resembles the shape of a barrel. That is, there is an increased anteroposterior diameter and usually some degree of kyphosis.
Cerebral calcification- MedGen UID:
- 124360
- •Concept ID:
- C0270685
- •
- Finding
The presence of calcium deposition within the cerebrum.
Kyphoscoliosis- MedGen UID:
- 154361
- •Concept ID:
- C0575158
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
An abnormal curvature of the spine in both a coronal (lateral) and sagittal (back-to-front) plane.
Lumbar hyperlordosis- MedGen UID:
- 263149
- •Concept ID:
- C1184923
- •
- Finding
An abnormal accentuation of the inward curvature of the spine in the lumbar region.
Metaphyseal irregularity- MedGen UID:
- 325478
- •Concept ID:
- C1838662
- •
- Finding
Irregularity of the normally smooth surface of the metaphyses.
Irregular vertebral endplates- MedGen UID:
- 331233
- •Concept ID:
- C1842153
- •
- Finding
An irregular surface of the vertebral end plates, which are normally relatively smooth.
Platyspondyly- MedGen UID:
- 335010
- •Concept ID:
- C1844704
- •
- Finding
A flattened vertebral body shape with reduced distance between the vertebral endplates.
Metaphyseal widening- MedGen UID:
- 341364
- •Concept ID:
- C1849039
- •
- Finding
Abnormal widening of the metaphyseal regions of long bones.
Short iliac bones- MedGen UID:
- 336488
- •Concept ID:
- C1849063
- •
- Finding
Underdevelopment of the iliac bones.
Sclerosis of skull base- MedGen UID:
- 377095
- •Concept ID:
- C1851714
- •
- Finding
Increased bone density of the skull base without significant changes in bony contour.
Metaphyseal sclerosis- MedGen UID:
- 765440
- •Concept ID:
- C3552526
- •
- Finding
Abnormally increased density of metaphyseal bone.
Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis- MedGen UID:
- 811462
- •Concept ID:
- C3714757
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
An older, deprecated term that encompassed three major types of autoimmune or autoinflammatory arthritis in children: systemic-onset, pauciarticular, or polyarticular arthritis. The juvenile rheumatoid arthritis classification system has been replaced by the International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) juvenile idiopathic arthritis classification system.
Increased intervertebral space- MedGen UID:
- 868122
- •Concept ID:
- C4022513
- •
- Finding
An increase in the vertical distance between adjacent vertebral bodies, observed as an increase in the intervertebral disk space.
Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia- MedGen UID:
- 1674850
- •Concept ID:
- C4759767
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A heterogeneous group of disorders associated with walking and growth disturbances that become evident during the second year of life. Characteristics are platyspondyly (flattened vertebrae) and marked hip and knee metaphyseal lesions. The different forms of spondylometaphyseal dysplasia are distinguished by the localisation and severity of involvement of the affected metaphyses.
Metaphyseal dysplasia- MedGen UID:
- 1677924
- •Concept ID:
- C5194606
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
The presence of dysplastic regions in metaphyseal regions.
Turricephaly- MedGen UID:
- 1726910
- •Concept ID:
- C5399823
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Tall head relative to width and length.
Recurrent sinusitis- MedGen UID:
- 107919
- •Concept ID:
- C0581354
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A recurrent form of sinusitis.
Restrictive ventilatory defect- MedGen UID:
- 478856
- •Concept ID:
- C3277226
- •
- Finding
A functional defect characterized by reduced total lung capacity (TLC) not associated with abnormalities of expiratory airflow or airway resistance. Spirometrically, a restrictive defect is defined as FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second) and FVC (forced vital capacity) less than 80 per cent. Restrictive lung disease may be caused by alterations in lung parenchyma or because of a disease of the pleura, chest wall, or neuromuscular apparatus.
Recurrent respiratory infections- MedGen UID:
- 812812
- •Concept ID:
- C3806482
- •
- Finding
An increased susceptibility to respiratory infections as manifested by a history of recurrent respiratory infections.
Autoimmunity- MedGen UID:
- 2136
- •Concept ID:
- C0004368
- •
- Pathologic Function
The occurrence of an immune reaction against the organism's own cells or tissues.
Systemic lupus erythematosus- MedGen UID:
- 6146
- •Concept ID:
- C0024141
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by production of autoantibodies against nuclear, cytoplasmic, and cell surface molecules that transcend organ-specific boundaries. Tissue deposition of antibodies or immune complexes induces inflammation and subsequent injury of multiple organs and finally results in clinical manifestations of SLE, including glomerulonephritis, dermatitis, thrombosis, vasculitis, seizures, and arthritis. Evidence strongly suggests the involvement of genetic components in SLE susceptibility (summary by Oishi et al., 2008).
Genetic Heterogeneity of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
An autosomal recessive form of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLEB16; 614420) is caused by mutation in the DNASE1L3 gene (602244) on chromosome 3p14.3. An X-linked dominant form of SLE (SLEB17; 301080) is caused by heterozygous mutation in the TLR7 gene (300365) on chromosome Xp22.
See MAPPING and MOLECULAR GENETICS sections for a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of susceptibility to SLE.
Lymphopenia- MedGen UID:
- 7418
- •Concept ID:
- C0024312
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A reduced number of lymphocytes in the blood.
Pneumonia- MedGen UID:
- 10813
- •Concept ID:
- C0032285
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Inflammation of any part of the lung parenchyma.
Antinuclear antibody positivity- MedGen UID:
- 101792
- •Concept ID:
- C0151480
- •
- Laboratory or Test Result
The presence of autoantibodies in the serum that react against nuclei or nuclear components.
Autoimmune thrombocytopenia- MedGen UID:
- 116621
- •Concept ID:
- C0242584
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
The presence of thrombocytopenia in combination with detection of antiplatelet antibodies.
Lymphadenopathy- MedGen UID:
- 96929
- •Concept ID:
- C0497156
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Enlargment (swelling) of a lymph node.
Recurrent otitis media- MedGen UID:
- 155436
- •Concept ID:
- C0747085
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Increased susceptibility to otitis media, as manifested by recurrent episodes of otitis media.
Neutropenia- MedGen UID:
- 163121
- •Concept ID:
- C0853697
- •
- Finding
An abnormally low number of neutrophils in the peripheral blood.
Immune dysregulation- MedGen UID:
- 335001
- •Concept ID:
- C1844666
- •
- Finding
Altered immune function characterized by lymphoid proliferation, immune activation, and excessive autoreactivity often leading to autoimmune/inflammatory complications.
Cellular immunodeficiency- MedGen UID:
- 344444
- •Concept ID:
- C1855204
- •
- Finding
An immunodeficiency characterized by defective cell-mediated immunity or humoral immunity.
Combined immunodeficiency- MedGen UID:
- 751396
- •Concept ID:
- C2711630
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A group of phenotypically heterogeneous genetic disorders characterized by profound deficiencies of T- and B-cell function, which predispose the patients to both infectious and noninfectious complications.
T lymphocytopenia- MedGen UID:
- 419385
- •Concept ID:
- C2931322
- •
- Finding
An abnormally low count of T cells.
Narrow nose- MedGen UID:
- 98086
- •Concept ID:
- C0426422
- •
- Finding
Interalar distance more than 2 SD below the mean for age, or alternatively, an apparently decreased width of the nasal base and alae.
Midface retrusion- MedGen UID:
- 339938
- •Concept ID:
- C1853242
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
Posterior positions and/or vertical shortening of the infraorbital and perialar regions, or increased concavity of the face and/or reduced nasolabial angle.
Purpura- MedGen UID:
- 19584
- •Concept ID:
- C0034150
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Purpura (from Latin
Vitiligo- MedGen UID:
- 22677
- •Concept ID:
- C0042900
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Generalized well circumscribed patches of leukoderma that are generally distributed over symmetric body locations and is due to autoimmune destruction of melanocytes.
Hypermelanotic macule- MedGen UID:
- 375013
- •Concept ID:
- C1842774
- •
- Finding
A hyperpigmented circumscribed area of change in normal skin color without elevation or depression of any size.
Hypopigmented skin patches on arms- MedGen UID:
- 870407
- •Concept ID:
- C4024852
- •
- Finding
Hypothyroidism- MedGen UID:
- 6991
- •Concept ID:
- C0020676
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Deficiency of thyroid hormone.
- Abnormality of head or neck
- Abnormality of the cardiovascular system
- Abnormality of the endocrine system
- Abnormality of the genitourinary system
- Abnormality of the immune system
- Abnormality of the integument
- Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system
- Abnormality of the nervous system
- Abnormality of the respiratory system
- Ear malformation
- Growth abnormality