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Cataract, ataxia, short stature, and intellectual disability

MedGen UID:
375579
Concept ID:
C1845094
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Cataract, ataxia, short stature, and mental retardation; Cataracts, ataxia, short stature, and mental retardation
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0010380
OMIM®: 300619

Clinical features

From HPO
Short stature
MedGen UID:
87607
Concept ID:
C0349588
Finding
A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms).
Cerebellar ataxia
MedGen UID:
849
Concept ID:
C0007758
Disease or Syndrome
Cerebellar ataxia refers to ataxia due to dysfunction of the cerebellum. This causes a variety of elementary neurological deficits including asynergy (lack of coordination between muscles, limbs and joints), dysmetria (lack of ability to judge distances that can lead to under- or overshoot in grasping movements), and dysdiadochokinesia (inability to perform rapid movements requiring antagonizing muscle groups to be switched on and off repeatedly).
Dysarthria
MedGen UID:
8510
Concept ID:
C0013362
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Dysarthric speech is a general description referring to a neurological speech disorder characterized by poor articulation. Depending on the involved neurological structures, dysarthria may be further classified as spastic, flaccid, ataxic, hyperkinetic and hypokinetic, or mixed.
Postural tremor
MedGen UID:
66696
Concept ID:
C0234378
Sign or Symptom
A type of tremors that is triggered by holding a limb in a fixed position.
Intellectual disability
MedGen UID:
811461
Concept ID:
C3714756
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, is characterized by subnormal intellectual functioning that occurs during the developmental period. It is defined by an IQ score below 70.
Hypotonia
MedGen UID:
10133
Concept ID:
C0026827
Finding
Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist.
Muscle weakness
MedGen UID:
57735
Concept ID:
C0151786
Finding
Reduced strength of muscles.
Generalized hypotonia
MedGen UID:
346841
Concept ID:
C1858120
Finding
Generalized muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone).
Posterior subcapsular cataract
MedGen UID:
163646
Concept ID:
C0858617
Acquired Abnormality
A type of cataract affecting the posterior pole of lens immediately adjacent to ('beneath') the Lens capsule.

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Seltzer LE, Paciorkowski AR
Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 2014 Jun;166C(2):140-55. Epub 2014 May 16 doi: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31400. PMID: 24839169
Prietsch V, Mayatepek E, Krastel H, Haas D, Zundel D, Waterham HR, Wanders RJ, Gibson KM, Hoffmann GF
Pediatrics 2003 Feb;111(2):258-61. doi: 10.1542/peds.111.2.258. PMID: 12563048

Diagnosis

Seltzer LE, Paciorkowski AR
Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 2014 Jun;166C(2):140-55. Epub 2014 May 16 doi: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31400. PMID: 24839169

Clinical prediction guides

Guo X, Shen H, Xiao X, Dai Q, Li S, Jia X, Hejtmancik JF, Zhang Q
J Hum Genet 2006;51(8):695-700. Epub 2006 Jul 11 doi: 10.1007/s10038-006-0009-1. PMID: 16832577
Prietsch V, Mayatepek E, Krastel H, Haas D, Zundel D, Waterham HR, Wanders RJ, Gibson KM, Hoffmann GF
Pediatrics 2003 Feb;111(2):258-61. doi: 10.1542/peds.111.2.258. PMID: 12563048

Supplemental Content

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