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Hearing loss, X-linked 4(DFNX4)

MedGen UID:
376307
•Concept ID:
C1848204
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: DEAFNESS, NONSYNDROMIC SENSORINEURAL PROGRESSIVE 6; Deafness, X-linked 4; DEAFNESS, X-LINKED 6, PROGRESSIVE; DFNX4; DFNX4 (DFN6) Nonsyndromic Hearing Loss and Deafness
 
Gene (location): SMPX (Xp22.12)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0010238
OMIM®: 300066

Definition

X-linked deafness-4 is a nonsyndromic form of progressive hearing loss with postlingual onset. Affected males show earlier onset of hearing loss than affected females (summary by del Castillo et al., 1996). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
High-frequency hearing impairment
MedGen UID:
42358
•Concept ID:
C0018780
•
Disease or Syndrome
A type of hearing impairment affecting primarily the higher frequencies of sound (3,000 to 6,000 Hz).
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Sensorineural hearing loss disorder
MedGen UID:
9164
•Concept ID:
C0018784
•
Disease or Syndrome
A type of hearing impairment in one or both ears related to an abnormal functionality of the cochlear nerve.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVHearing loss, X-linked 4

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Expanded carrier screening for preconception reproductive risk assessment: Prevalence of carrier status in a Mexican population.
Hernandez-Nieto C, Alkon-Meadows T, Lee J, Cacchione T, Iyune-Cojab E, Garza-Galvan M, Luna-Rojas M, Copperman AB, Sandler B
Prenat Diagn 2020 Apr;40(5):635-643. Epub 2020 Feb 27 doi: 10.1002/pd.5656. PMID: 32003480
Renal, auricular, and ocular outcomes of Alport syndrome and their current management.
Zhang Y, Ding J
Pediatr Nephrol 2018 Aug;33(8):1309-1316. Epub 2017 Sep 1 doi: 10.1007/s00467-017-3784-3. PMID: 28864840
X-Linked and Autosomal Recessive Alport Syndrome: Pathogenic Variant Features and Further Genotype-Phenotype Correlations.
Savige J, Storey H, Il Cheong H, Gyung Kang H, Park E, Hilbert P, Persikov A, Torres-Fernandez C, Ars E, Torra R, Hertz JM, Thomassen M, Shagam L, Wang D, Wang Y, Flinter F, Nagel M
PLoS One 2016;11(9):e0161802. Epub 2016 Sep 14 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161802. PMID: 27627812Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Disease Manifestations and Complications in Dutch X-Linked Hypophosphatemia Patients.
Bosman A, Appelman-Dijkstra NM, Boot AM, de Borst MH, van de Ven AC, de Jongh RT, Bökenkamp A, van den Bergh JP, van der Eerden BCJ, Zillikens MC
Calcif Tissue Int 2024 Mar;114(3):255-266. Epub 2024 Jan 16 doi: 10.1007/s00223-023-01172-2. PMID: 38226986Free PMC Article
X-linked deafness/incomplete partition type 3: Radiological evaluation of temporal bone and intracranial findings.
Parlak S, Gumeler E, Sennaroglu L, Ozgen B
Diagn Interv Radiol 2022 Jan;28(1):50-57. doi: 10.5152/dir.2021.20791. PMID: 34914607
Molecular Epidemiology in 591 Italian Probands With Nonsyndromic Retinitis Pigmentosa and Usher Syndrome.
Colombo L, Maltese PE, Castori M, El Shamieh S, Zeitz C, Audo I, Zulian A, Marinelli C, Benedetti S, Costantini A, Bressan S, Percio M, Ferri P, Abeshi A, Bertelli M, Rossetti L
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021 Feb 1;62(2):13. doi: 10.1167/iovs.62.2.13. PMID: 33576794Free PMC Article
Vestibular and audiological findings in the Alport syndrome.
Barozzi S, Soi D, Intieri E, Giani M, Aldè M, Tonon E, Signorini L, Renieri A, Fallerini C, Perin P, Montini G, Ambrosetti U
Am J Med Genet A 2020 Oct;182(10):2345-2358. Epub 2020 Aug 20 doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61796. PMID: 32820599
Ocular features in Alport syndrome: pathogenesis and clinical significance.
Savige J, Sheth S, Leys A, Nicholson A, Mack HG, Colville D
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2015 Apr 7;10(4):703-9. Epub 2015 Feb 3 doi: 10.2215/CJN.10581014. PMID: 25649157Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Congenital isolated central hypothyroidism: Novel mutations and their functional implications.
Boelen A, van Trotsenburg ASP, Fliers E
Handb Clin Neurol 2021;180:161-169. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-820107-7.00010-0. PMID: 34225927
Molecular Epidemiology in 591 Italian Probands With Nonsyndromic Retinitis Pigmentosa and Usher Syndrome.
Colombo L, Maltese PE, Castori M, El Shamieh S, Zeitz C, Audo I, Zulian A, Marinelli C, Benedetti S, Costantini A, Bressan S, Percio M, Ferri P, Abeshi A, Bertelli M, Rossetti L
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021 Feb 1;62(2):13. doi: 10.1167/iovs.62.2.13. PMID: 33576794Free PMC Article
Characterization of vertigo and hearing loss in patients with Fabry disease.
Köping M, Shehata-Dieler W, Schneider D, Cebulla M, Oder D, Müntze J, Nordbeck P, Wanner C, Hagen R, Schraven SP
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2018 Aug 15;13(1):137. doi: 10.1186/s13023-018-0882-7. PMID: 30111353Free PMC Article
Comprehensive genomic diagnosis of non-syndromic and syndromic hereditary hearing loss in Spanish patients.
Cabanillas R, Diñeiro M, Cifuentes GA, Castillo D, Pruneda PC, Álvarez R, Sánchez-Durán N, Capín R, Plasencia A, Viejo-Díaz M, García-González N, Hernando I, Llorente JL, Repáraz-Andrade A, Torreira-Banzas C, Rosell J, Govea N, Gómez-Martínez JR, Núñez-Batalla F, Garrote JA, Mazón-Gutiérrez Á, Costales M, Isidoro-García M, García-Berrocal B, Ordóñez GR, Cadiñanos J
BMC Med Genomics 2018 Jul 9;11(1):58. doi: 10.1186/s12920-018-0375-5. PMID: 29986705Free PMC Article
Ocular features in Alport syndrome: pathogenesis and clinical significance.
Savige J, Sheth S, Leys A, Nicholson A, Mack HG, Colville D
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2015 Apr 7;10(4):703-9. Epub 2015 Feb 3 doi: 10.2215/CJN.10581014. PMID: 25649157Free PMC Article

Therapy

Renal, auricular, and ocular outcomes of Alport syndrome and their current management.
Zhang Y, Ding J
Pediatr Nephrol 2018 Aug;33(8):1309-1316. Epub 2017 Sep 1 doi: 10.1007/s00467-017-3784-3. PMID: 28864840
X-Linked and Autosomal Recessive Alport Syndrome: Pathogenic Variant Features and Further Genotype-Phenotype Correlations.
Savige J, Storey H, Il Cheong H, Gyung Kang H, Park E, Hilbert P, Persikov A, Torres-Fernandez C, Ars E, Torra R, Hertz JM, Thomassen M, Shagam L, Wang D, Wang Y, Flinter F, Nagel M
PLoS One 2016;11(9):e0161802. Epub 2016 Sep 14 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161802. PMID: 27627812Free PMC Article
Neurological findings in Hunter disease: pathology and possible therapeutic effects reviewed.
Al Sawaf S, Mayatepek E, Hoffmann B
J Inherit Metab Dis 2008 Aug;31(4):473-80. Epub 2008 Jul 13 doi: 10.1007/s10545-008-0878-x. PMID: 18618289
Hearing loss in Fabry disease: the effect of agalsidase alfa replacement therapy.
Hajioff D, Enever Y, Quiney R, Zuckerman J, Mackermot K, Mehta A
J Inherit Metab Dis 2003;26(8):787-94. doi: 10.1023/B:BOLI.0000009948.86528.72. PMID: 14739683
Norrie disease and MAO genes: nearest neighbors.
Chen ZY, Denney RM, Breakefield XO
Hum Mol Genet 1995;4 Spec No:1729-37. doi: 10.1093/hmg/4.suppl_1.1729. PMID: 8541872

Prognosis

Molecular Epidemiology in 591 Italian Probands With Nonsyndromic Retinitis Pigmentosa and Usher Syndrome.
Colombo L, Maltese PE, Castori M, El Shamieh S, Zeitz C, Audo I, Zulian A, Marinelli C, Benedetti S, Costantini A, Bressan S, Percio M, Ferri P, Abeshi A, Bertelli M, Rossetti L
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021 Feb 1;62(2):13. doi: 10.1167/iovs.62.2.13. PMID: 33576794Free PMC Article
Pathogenic Variants in GPC4 Cause Keipert Syndrome.
Amor DJ, Stephenson SEM, Mustapha M, Mensah MA, Ockeloen CW, Lee WS, Tankard RM, Phelan DG, Shinawi M, de Brouwer APM, Pfundt R, Dowling C, Toler TL, Sutton VR, Agolini E, Rinelli M, Capolino R, Martinelli D, Zampino G, Dumić M, Reardon W, Shaw-Smith C, Leventer RJ, Delatycki MB, Kleefstra T, Mundlos S, Mortier G, Bahlo M, Allen NJ, Lockhart PJ
Am J Hum Genet 2019 May 2;104(5):914-924. Epub 2019 Apr 11 doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.02.026. PMID: 30982611Free PMC Article
Comprehensive genomic diagnosis of non-syndromic and syndromic hereditary hearing loss in Spanish patients.
Cabanillas R, Diñeiro M, Cifuentes GA, Castillo D, Pruneda PC, Álvarez R, Sánchez-Durán N, Capín R, Plasencia A, Viejo-Díaz M, García-González N, Hernando I, Llorente JL, Repáraz-Andrade A, Torreira-Banzas C, Rosell J, Govea N, Gómez-Martínez JR, Núñez-Batalla F, Garrote JA, Mazón-Gutiérrez Á, Costales M, Isidoro-García M, García-Berrocal B, Ordóñez GR, Cadiñanos J
BMC Med Genomics 2018 Jul 9;11(1):58. doi: 10.1186/s12920-018-0375-5. PMID: 29986705Free PMC Article
X-Linked and Autosomal Recessive Alport Syndrome: Pathogenic Variant Features and Further Genotype-Phenotype Correlations.
Savige J, Storey H, Il Cheong H, Gyung Kang H, Park E, Hilbert P, Persikov A, Torres-Fernandez C, Ars E, Torra R, Hertz JM, Thomassen M, Shagam L, Wang D, Wang Y, Flinter F, Nagel M
PLoS One 2016;11(9):e0161802. Epub 2016 Sep 14 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161802. PMID: 27627812Free PMC Article
Ocular features in Alport syndrome: pathogenesis and clinical significance.
Savige J, Sheth S, Leys A, Nicholson A, Mack HG, Colville D
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2015 Apr 7;10(4):703-9. Epub 2015 Feb 3 doi: 10.2215/CJN.10581014. PMID: 25649157Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Disease Manifestations and Complications in Dutch X-Linked Hypophosphatemia Patients.
Bosman A, Appelman-Dijkstra NM, Boot AM, de Borst MH, van de Ven AC, de Jongh RT, Bökenkamp A, van den Bergh JP, van der Eerden BCJ, Zillikens MC
Calcif Tissue Int 2024 Mar;114(3):255-266. Epub 2024 Jan 16 doi: 10.1007/s00223-023-01172-2. PMID: 38226986Free PMC Article
Pathogenic Variants in GPC4 Cause Keipert Syndrome.
Amor DJ, Stephenson SEM, Mustapha M, Mensah MA, Ockeloen CW, Lee WS, Tankard RM, Phelan DG, Shinawi M, de Brouwer APM, Pfundt R, Dowling C, Toler TL, Sutton VR, Agolini E, Rinelli M, Capolino R, Martinelli D, Zampino G, Dumić M, Reardon W, Shaw-Smith C, Leventer RJ, Delatycki MB, Kleefstra T, Mundlos S, Mortier G, Bahlo M, Allen NJ, Lockhart PJ
Am J Hum Genet 2019 May 2;104(5):914-924. Epub 2019 Apr 11 doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.02.026. PMID: 30982611Free PMC Article
Clinical and molecular characterization of POU3F4 mutations in multiple DFNX2 Chinese families.
Su Y, Gao X, Huang SS, Mao JN, Huang BQ, Zhao JD, Kang DY, Zhang X, Dai P
BMC Med Genet 2018 Sep 4;19(1):157. doi: 10.1186/s12881-018-0630-9. PMID: 30176854Free PMC Article
X-Linked and Autosomal Recessive Alport Syndrome: Pathogenic Variant Features and Further Genotype-Phenotype Correlations.
Savige J, Storey H, Il Cheong H, Gyung Kang H, Park E, Hilbert P, Persikov A, Torres-Fernandez C, Ars E, Torra R, Hertz JM, Thomassen M, Shagam L, Wang D, Wang Y, Flinter F, Nagel M
PLoS One 2016;11(9):e0161802. Epub 2016 Sep 14 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161802. PMID: 27627812Free PMC Article
Ocular features in Alport syndrome: pathogenesis and clinical significance.
Savige J, Sheth S, Leys A, Nicholson A, Mack HG, Colville D
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2015 Apr 7;10(4):703-9. Epub 2015 Feb 3 doi: 10.2215/CJN.10581014. PMID: 25649157Free PMC Article

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