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Hereditary spastic paraplegia 42(SPG42)

MedGen UID:
393407
•Concept ID:
C2675528
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Spastic Paraplegia 42; Spastic paraplegia 42, autosomal dominant
SNOMED CT: Autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia type 42 (763070001)
Modes of inheritance:
Autosomal dominant inheritance
MedGen UID:
141047
•Concept ID:
C0443147
•
Intellectual Product
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in heterozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, an autosomal dominant disorder is caused when a single copy of the mutant allele is present. Males and females are affected equally, and can both transmit the disorder with a risk of 50% for each child of inheriting the mutant allele.
Autosomal dominant inheritance (Orphanet)
 
Gene (location): SLC33A1 (3q25.31)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0012928
OMIM®: 612539
Orphanet: ORPHA171863

Definition

A pure form of hereditary spastic paraplegia with characteristics of slowly progressive spastic paraplegia of lower extremities with an age of onset ranging from childhood to adulthood and patients presenting with spastic gait, increased tendon reflexes in lower limbs, extensor plantar response, weakness and atrophy of lower limb muscles and, in rare cases, pes cavus. No abnormalities are noted on magnetic resonance imaging. [from SNOMEDCT_US]

Clinical features

From HPO
Pes cavus
MedGen UID:
675590
•Concept ID:
C0728829
•
Congenital Abnormality
The presence of an unusually high plantar arch. Also called high instep, pes cavus refers to a distinctly hollow form of the sole of the foot when it is bearing weight.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Babinski sign
MedGen UID:
19708
•Concept ID:
C0034935
•
Finding
Upturning of the big toe (and sometimes fanning of the other toes) in response to stimulation of the sole of the foot. If the Babinski sign is present it can indicate damage to the corticospinal tract.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Spastic paraplegia
MedGen UID:
20882
•Concept ID:
C0037772
•
Disease or Syndrome
Spasticity and weakness of the leg and hip muscles.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Spastic gait
MedGen UID:
115907
•Concept ID:
C0231687
•
Finding
Spasticity is manifested by increased stretch reflex which is intensified with movement velocity. This results in excessive and inappropriate muscle activation which can contribute to muscle hypertonia. Spastic gait is characterized by manifestations such as muscle hypertonia, stiff knee, and circumduction of the leg.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Lower limb hyperreflexia
MedGen UID:
322973
•Concept ID:
C1836696
•
Finding
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Muscle weakness
MedGen UID:
57735
•Concept ID:
C0151786
•
Finding
Reduced strength of muscles.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Skeletal muscle atrophy
MedGen UID:
892680
•Concept ID:
C0541794
•
Pathologic Function
The presence of skeletal muscular atrophy (which is also known as amyotrophy).
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
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Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVHereditary spastic paraplegia 42
Follow this link to review classifications for Hereditary spastic paraplegia 42 in Orphanet.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Genotype-phenotype characterisation of long survivors with motor neuron disease in Scotland.
Leighton DJ, Ansari M, Newton J, Parry D, Cleary E, Colville S, Stephenson L, Larraz J, Johnson M, Beswick E, Wong M, Gregory J, Carod Artal J, Davenport R, Duncan C, Morrison I, Smith C, Swingler R, Deary IJ, Porteous M, Aitman TJ, Chandran S, Gorrie GH, Pal S; Lothian Birth Cohorts Group; and the CARE-MND Consortium
J Neurol 2023 Mar;270(3):1702-1712. Epub 2022 Dec 14 doi: 10.1007/s00415-022-11505-0. PMID: 36515702Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Novel insights into the genetic profile of hereditary spastic paraplegia in India.
Narendiran S, Debnath M, Shivaram S, Kannan R, Sharma S, Christopher R, Seshagiri DV, Jain S, Purushottam M, Mangalore S, Bharath RD, Bindu PS, Sinha S, Taly AB, Nagappa M
J Neurogenet 2022 Mar;36(1):21-31. Epub 2022 May 2 doi: 10.1080/01677063.2022.2064463. PMID: 35499206
Spinal Cord Gray and White Matter Damage in Different Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia Subtypes.
Servelhere KR, Casseb RF, de Lima FD, Rezende TJR, Ramalho LP, França MC Jr
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021 Mar;42(3):610-615. Epub 2021 Jan 21 doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A7017. PMID: 33478946Free PMC Article
Hereditary spastic paraplegia.
Murala S, Nagarajan E, Bollu PC
Neurol Sci 2021 Mar;42(3):883-894. Epub 2021 Jan 13 doi: 10.1007/s10072-020-04981-7. PMID: 33439395
Non-motor symptoms in patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia caused by SPG4 mutations.
Servelhere KR, Faber I, Saute JA, Moscovich M, D'Abreu A, Jardim LB, Teive HA, Lopes-Cendes I, Franca MC Jr
Eur J Neurol 2016 Feb;23(2):408-11. doi: 10.1111/ene.12839. PMID: 26806216
The global epidemiology of hereditary ataxia and spastic paraplegia: a systematic review of prevalence studies.
Ruano L, Melo C, Silva MC, Coutinho P
Neuroepidemiology 2014;42(3):174-83. Epub 2014 Mar 5 doi: 10.1159/000358801. PMID: 24603320

Diagnosis

Clinical and genetic spectra of 1550 index patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia.
Méreaux JL, Banneau G, Papin M, Coarelli G, Valter R, Raymond L, Kol B, Ariste O, Parodi L, Tissier L, Mairey M, Ait Said S, Gautier C, Guillaud-Bataille M; French SPATAX clinical network, Forlani S, de la Grange P, Brice A, Vazza G, Durr A, Leguern E, Stevanin G
Brain 2022 Apr 29;145(3):1029-1037. doi: 10.1093/brain/awab386. PMID: 34983064
Neuro-Ophthalmic Phenotype of OPA3.
Huna-Baron R, Yahalom G, Anikster Y, Ben Zeev B, Hoffmann C, Hassin-Baer S
J Neuroophthalmol 2022 Mar 1;42(1):e147-e152. Epub 2021 Apr 14 doi: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000001249. PMID: 33870938
Hereditary spastic paraplegia.
Murala S, Nagarajan E, Bollu PC
Neurol Sci 2021 Mar;42(3):883-894. Epub 2021 Jan 13 doi: 10.1007/s10072-020-04981-7. PMID: 33439395
Genetic and Epidemiological Study of Adult Ataxia and Spastic Paraplegia in Eastern Quebec.
Haj Salem I, Beaudin M, Stumpf M, Estiar MA, Côté PO, Brunet F, Gamache PL, Rouleau GA, Mourabit-Amari K, Gan-Or Z, Dupré N
Can J Neurol Sci 2021 Sep;48(5):655-665. Epub 2021 Jan 5 doi: 10.1017/cjn.2020.277. PMID: 33397523
The global epidemiology of hereditary ataxia and spastic paraplegia: a systematic review of prevalence studies.
Ruano L, Melo C, Silva MC, Coutinho P
Neuroepidemiology 2014;42(3):174-83. Epub 2014 Mar 5 doi: 10.1159/000358801. PMID: 24603320

Therapy

Intrathecal baclofen therapy for the symptomatic treatment of hereditary spastic paraplegia.
Margetis K, Korfias S, Boutos N, Gatzonis S, Themistocleous M, Siatouni A, Dalivigka Z, Flaskas T, Stranjalis G, Boviatsis E, Sakas D
Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2014 Aug;123:142-5. Epub 2014 Jun 4 doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2014.05.024. PMID: 24973568
Voiding dysfunction in patients with spastic paraplegia: urodynamic evaluation and response to continuous intrathecal baclofen.
Bushman W, Steers WD, Meythaler JM
Neurourol Urodyn 1993;12(2):163-70. doi: 10.1002/nau.1930120210. PMID: 7920673

Prognosis

Clinical and genetic spectra of 1550 index patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia.
Méreaux JL, Banneau G, Papin M, Coarelli G, Valter R, Raymond L, Kol B, Ariste O, Parodi L, Tissier L, Mairey M, Ait Said S, Gautier C, Guillaud-Bataille M; French SPATAX clinical network, Forlani S, de la Grange P, Brice A, Vazza G, Durr A, Leguern E, Stevanin G
Brain 2022 Apr 29;145(3):1029-1037. doi: 10.1093/brain/awab386. PMID: 34983064
Neuro-Ophthalmic Phenotype of OPA3.
Huna-Baron R, Yahalom G, Anikster Y, Ben Zeev B, Hoffmann C, Hassin-Baer S
J Neuroophthalmol 2022 Mar 1;42(1):e147-e152. Epub 2021 Apr 14 doi: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000001249. PMID: 33870938
SPG7 mutations in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a genetic link to hereditary spastic paraplegia.
Osmanovic A, Widjaja M, Förster A, Weder J, Wattjes MP, Lange I, Sarikidi A, Auber B, Raab P, Christians A, Preller M, Petri S, Weber RG
J Neurol 2020 Sep;267(9):2732-2743. Epub 2020 May 23 doi: 10.1007/s00415-020-09861-w. PMID: 32447552Free PMC Article
Stumbling, struggling, and shame due to spasticity: a qualitative study of adult persons with hereditary spastic paraplegia.
Kerstens HCJW, Satink T, Nijkrake MJ, De Swart BJM, Van Lith BJH, Geurts ACH, Nijhuis-van der Sanden MWG
Disabil Rehabil 2020 Dec;42(26):3744-3751. Epub 2019 May 13 doi: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1610084. PMID: 31079503
Frequency and phenotype of SPG11 and SPG15 in complicated hereditary spastic paraplegia.
Schüle R, Schlipf N, Synofzik M, Klebe S, Klimpe S, Hehr U, Winner B, Lindig T, Dotzer A, Riess O, Winkler J, Schöls L, Bauer P
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2009 Dec;80(12):1402-4. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2008.167528. PMID: 19917823

Clinical prediction guides

Clinical and genetic spectra of 1550 index patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia.
Méreaux JL, Banneau G, Papin M, Coarelli G, Valter R, Raymond L, Kol B, Ariste O, Parodi L, Tissier L, Mairey M, Ait Said S, Gautier C, Guillaud-Bataille M; French SPATAX clinical network, Forlani S, de la Grange P, Brice A, Vazza G, Durr A, Leguern E, Stevanin G
Brain 2022 Apr 29;145(3):1029-1037. doi: 10.1093/brain/awab386. PMID: 34983064
Spinal Cord Gray and White Matter Damage in Different Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia Subtypes.
Servelhere KR, Casseb RF, de Lima FD, Rezende TJR, Ramalho LP, França MC Jr
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021 Mar;42(3):610-615. Epub 2021 Jan 21 doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A7017. PMID: 33478946Free PMC Article
SPG7 mutations in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a genetic link to hereditary spastic paraplegia.
Osmanovic A, Widjaja M, Förster A, Weder J, Wattjes MP, Lange I, Sarikidi A, Auber B, Raab P, Christians A, Preller M, Petri S, Weber RG
J Neurol 2020 Sep;267(9):2732-2743. Epub 2020 May 23 doi: 10.1007/s00415-020-09861-w. PMID: 32447552Free PMC Article
Non-motor symptoms in patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia caused by SPG4 mutations.
Servelhere KR, Faber I, Saute JA, Moscovich M, D'Abreu A, Jardim LB, Teive HA, Lopes-Cendes I, Franca MC Jr
Eur J Neurol 2016 Feb;23(2):408-11. doi: 10.1111/ene.12839. PMID: 26806216
Prevalence of hereditary ataxia and spastic paraplegia in southeast Norway: a population-based study.
Erichsen AK, Koht J, Stray-Pedersen A, Abdelnoor M, Tallaksen CM
Brain 2009 Jun;132(Pt 6):1577-88. Epub 2009 Mar 31 doi: 10.1093/brain/awp056. PMID: 19339254

Recent systematic reviews

Clinical, neuroimaging, and molecular spectrum of TECPR2-associated hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy with intellectual disability.
Neuser S, Brechmann B, Heimer G, Brösse I, Schubert S, O'Grady L, Zech M, Srivastava S, Sweetser DA, Dincer Y, Mall V, Winkelmann J, Behrends C, Darras BT, Graham RJ, Jayakar P, Byrne B, Bar-Aluma BE, Haberman Y, Szeinberg A, Aldhalaan HM, Hashem M, Al Tenaiji A, Ismayl O, Al Nuaimi AE, Maher K, Ibrahim S, Khan F, Houlden H, Ramakumaran VS, Pagnamenta AT, Posey JE, Lupski JR, Tan WH, ElGhazali G, Herman I, Muñoz T, Repetto GM, Seitz A, Krumbiegel M, Poli MC, Kini U, Efthymiou S, Meiler J, Maroofian R, Alkuraya FS, Abou Jamra R, Popp B, Ben-Zeev B, Ebrahimi-Fakhari D
Hum Mutat 2021 Jun;42(6):762-776. Epub 2021 May 11 doi: 10.1002/humu.24206. PMID: 33847017
The global epidemiology of hereditary ataxia and spastic paraplegia: a systematic review of prevalence studies.
Ruano L, Melo C, Silva MC, Coutinho P
Neuroepidemiology 2014;42(3):174-83. Epub 2014 Mar 5 doi: 10.1159/000358801. PMID: 24603320

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