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SERKAL syndrome(SERKAL)

MedGen UID:
394528
Concept ID:
C2678492
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: 46,XX SEX REVERSAL WITH DYSGENESIS OF KIDNEYS, ADRENALS, AND LUNGS; SERKAL
SNOMED CT: Sex reversion, kidney, adrenal and lung dysgenesis syndrome (723720008); SERKAL syndrome (723720008); SERKAL (sex reversion, kidney, adrenal and lung dysgenesis) syndrome (723720008)
Modes of inheritance:
Autosomal recessive inheritance
MedGen UID:
141025
Concept ID:
C0441748
Intellectual Product
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele).
 
Gene (location): WNT4 (1p36.12)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0012734
OMIM®: 611812
Orphanet: ORPHA139466

Definition

Syndrome that has characteristics of female to male sex reversal and developmental anomalies of the kidneys, adrenal glands and lungs. The syndrome is lethal and has been described in three fetuses. It is caused by homozygous missense mutations in the WNT4 gene. It is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. [from SNOMEDCT_US]

Clinical features

From HPO
Renal agenesis
MedGen UID:
154237
Concept ID:
C0542519
Congenital Abnormality
Agenesis, that is, failure of the kidney to develop during embryogenesis and development.
Hypospadias
MedGen UID:
163083
Concept ID:
C0848558
Congenital Abnormality
Abnormal position of urethral meatus on the ventral penile shaft (underside) characterized by displacement of the urethral meatus from the tip of the glans penis to the ventral surface of the penis, scrotum, or perineum.
Hypoplasia of the bladder
MedGen UID:
340845
Concept ID:
C1855335
Finding
Underdevelopment of the urinary bladder.
Sex reversal
MedGen UID:
868596
Concept ID:
C4022995
Finding
Development of the reproductive system is inconsistent with the chromosomal sex.
Ovotestis
MedGen UID:
1634511
Concept ID:
C4551490
Congenital Abnormality
A gonad that contains both ovarian follicles and testicular tubular elements.
Ventricular septal defect
MedGen UID:
42366
Concept ID:
C0018818
Congenital Abnormality
A hole between the two bottom chambers (ventricles) of the heart. The defect is centered around the most superior aspect of the ventricular septum.
Pulmonary artery stenosis
MedGen UID:
65965
Concept ID:
C0238397
Anatomical Abnormality
An abnormal narrowing or constriction of the pulmonary artery, in the main pulmonary artery and/or in the left or right pulmonary artery branches.
Fetal growth restriction
MedGen UID:
4693
Concept ID:
C0015934
Pathologic Function
An abnormal restriction of fetal growth with fetal weight below the tenth percentile for gestational age.
Low-set ears
MedGen UID:
65980
Concept ID:
C0239234
Congenital Abnormality
Upper insertion of the ear to the scalp below an imaginary horizontal line drawn between the inner canthi of the eye and extending posteriorly to the ear.
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
MedGen UID:
68625
Concept ID:
C0235833
Congenital Abnormality
The presence of a hernia of the diaphragm present at birth.
Pulmonary hypoplasia
MedGen UID:
78574
Concept ID:
C0265783
Congenital Abnormality
A congenital abnormality in which the lung parenchyma is not fully developed. It may be associated with other congenital abnormalities.
Bilateral lung agenesis
MedGen UID:
867250
Concept ID:
C4021610
Congenital Abnormality
Bilateral lack of development of the lungs.
Cleft palate
MedGen UID:
756015
Concept ID:
C2981150
Congenital Abnormality
Cleft palate is a developmental defect of the palate resulting from a failure of fusion of the palatine processes and manifesting as a separation of the roof of the mouth (soft and hard palate).
Cleft lip
MedGen UID:
1370297
Concept ID:
C4321245
Anatomical Abnormality
A gap in the lip or lips.
Congenital pulmonary airway malformation
MedGen UID:
8225
Concept ID:
C0010668
Congenital Abnormality
Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) - previously known as congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) - is a relatively rare developmental malformation of the lower respiratory tract. It is a hamartomatous, dysplastic developmental abnormality of the lung characterized by abnormal airway patterning during lung branching morphogenesis and is formed by abnormal branching of the immature bronchioles.
Oligohydramnios
MedGen UID:
86974
Concept ID:
C0079924
Pathologic Function
Diminished amniotic fluid volume in pregnancy.
Adrenal gland agenesis
MedGen UID:
472999
Concept ID:
C0266273
Congenital Abnormality
Absent development of the adrenal gland.

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVSERKAL syndrome
Follow this link to review classifications for SERKAL syndrome in Orphanet.

Recent clinical studies

Clinical prediction guides

Mandel H, Shemer R, Borochowitz ZU, Okopnik M, Knopf C, Indelman M, Drugan A, Tiosano D, Gershoni-Baruch R, Choder M, Sprecher E
Am J Hum Genet 2008 Jan;82(1):39-47. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2007.08.005. PMID: 18179883Free PMC Article

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