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Abnormal subcutaneous fat tissue distribution

MedGen UID:
395238
Concept ID:
C1859347
Finding
Synonym: Abnormal fat tissue distribution below the skin
 
HPO: HP:0007552

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • Abnormal subcutaneous fat tissue distribution

Conditions with this feature

PMM2-congenital disorder of glycosylation
MedGen UID:
138111
Concept ID:
C0349653
Disease or Syndrome
PMM2-CDG, the most common of a group of disorders of abnormal glycosylation of N-linked oligosaccharides, is divided into three clinical stages: infantile multisystem, late-infantile and childhood ataxia–intellectual disability, and adult stable disability. The clinical manifestations and course are highly variable, ranging from infants who die in the first year of life to mildly affected adults. Clinical findings tend to be similar in sibs. In the infantile multisystem presentation, infants show axial hypotonia, hyporeflexia, esotropia, and developmental delay. Feeding problems, vomiting, faltering growth, and developmental delay are frequently seen. Subcutaneous fat may be excessive over the buttocks and suprapubic region. Two distinct clinical courses are observed: (1) a nonfatal neurologic course with faltering growth, strabismus, developmental delay, cerebellar hypoplasia, and hepatopathy in infancy followed by neuropathy and retinitis pigmentosa in the first or second decade; and (2) a more severe neurologic-multivisceral course with approximately 20% mortality in the first year of life. The late-infantile and childhood ataxia–intellectual disability stage, which begins between ages three and ten years, is characterized by hypotonia, ataxia, severely delayed language and motor development, inability to walk, and IQ of 40 to 70; other findings include seizures, stroke-like episodes or transient unilateral loss of function, coagulopathy, retinitis pigmentosa, joint contractures, and skeletal deformities. In the adult stable disability stage, intellectual ability is stable; peripheral neuropathy is variable, progressive retinitis pigmentosa and myopia are seen, thoracic and spinal deformities with osteoporosis worsen, and premature aging is observed; females may lack secondary sexual development and males may exhibit decreased testicular volume. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and coagulopathy may occur. The risk for deep venous thrombosis is increased.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Benedini S, Terruzzi I, Lazzarin A, Luzi L
BioDrugs 2008;22(2):101-12. doi: 10.2165/00063030-200822020-00003. PMID: 18345707
Wagstaff AJ, Goa KL
Drugs 2002;62(12):1805-37. doi: 10.2165/00003495-200262120-00007. PMID: 12149047
Abate N, Garg A
Prog Lipid Res 1995;34(1):53-70. doi: 10.1016/0163-7827(94)00006-8. PMID: 7644553

Recent clinical studies

Diagnosis

Biesecker LG, Edwards M, O'Donnell S, Doherty P, MacDougall T, Tith K, Kazakin J, Schwartz B
Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2020 Feb;6(1) Epub 2020 Feb 3 doi: 10.1101/mcs.a004549. PMID: 32014856Free PMC Article

Therapy

Biesecker LG, Edwards M, O'Donnell S, Doherty P, MacDougall T, Tith K, Kazakin J, Schwartz B
Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2020 Feb;6(1) Epub 2020 Feb 3 doi: 10.1101/mcs.a004549. PMID: 32014856Free PMC Article

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