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Compartment syndrome

MedGen UID:
40417
•Concept ID:
C0009492
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Compartment Syndrome; Compartment Syndromes
SNOMED CT: Compartment syndrome (111245009)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0004001

Definition

Elevated pressure in a confined space enclosed by fascia or eschar, which may lead to vascular compromise and subsequent ischemic injury to the tissue within the space. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Abdominal compartment syndrome: Current concepts and management.
Montalvo-Jave EE, Espejel-Deloiza M, Chernitzky-Camaño J, Peña-Pérez CA, Rivero-Sigarroa E, Ortega-León LH
Rev Gastroenterol Mex (Engl Ed) 2020 Oct-Dec;85(4):443-451. Epub 2020 Aug 23 doi: 10.1016/j.rgmx.2020.03.003. PMID: 32847726
Early enteral nutrition in critically ill patients: ESICM clinical practice guidelines.
Reintam Blaser A, Starkopf J, Alhazzani W, Berger MM, Casaer MP, Deane AM, Fruhwald S, Hiesmayr M, Ichai C, Jakob SM, Loudet CI, Malbrain ML, Montejo González JC, Paugam-Burtz C, Poeze M, Preiser JC, Singer P, van Zanten AR, De Waele J, Wendon J, Wernerman J, Whitehouse T, Wilmer A, Oudemans-van Straaten HM; ESICM Working Group on Gastrointestinal Function
Intensive Care Med 2017 Mar;43(3):380-398. Epub 2017 Feb 6 doi: 10.1007/s00134-016-4665-0. PMID: 28168570Free PMC Article
Stress fractures: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
Patel DS, Roth M, Kapil N
Am Fam Physician 2011 Jan 1;83(1):39-46. PMID: 21888126

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Two-Compartment or 4-Compartment Fasciotomy for Lower Leg Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome: A Systematic Review.
Weiss C, Vogels S, Wee L, Janssen L, de Bie RA, Scheltinga MR
J Foot Ankle Surg 2022 Sep-Oct;61(5):1124-1133. Epub 2022 Feb 24 doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2022.02.011. PMID: 35337738
Abdominal compartment syndrome: Often overlooked conditions in medical intensive care units.
Rajasurya V, Surani S
World J Gastroenterol 2020 Jan 21;26(3):266-278. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i3.266. PMID: 31988588Free PMC Article
Diagnosis and treatment of acute extremity compartment syndrome.
von Keudell AG, Weaver MJ, Appleton PT, Bae DS, Dyer GSM, Heng M, Jupiter JB, Vrahas MS
Lancet 2015 Sep 26;386(10000):1299-1310. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00277-9. PMID: 26460664
Intra-abdominal hypertension and the abdominal compartment syndrome: updated consensus definitions and clinical practice guidelines from the World Society of the Abdominal Compartment Syndrome.
Kirkpatrick AW, Roberts DJ, De Waele J, Jaeschke R, Malbrain ML, De Keulenaer B, Duchesne J, Bjorck M, Leppaniemi A, Ejike JC, Sugrue M, Cheatham M, Ivatury R, Ball CG, Reintam Blaser A, Regli A, Balogh ZJ, D'Amours S, Debergh D, Kaplan M, Kimball E, Olvera C; Pediatric Guidelines Sub-Committee for the World Society of the Abdominal Compartment Syndrome
Intensive Care Med 2013 Jul;39(7):1190-206. Epub 2013 May 15 doi: 10.1007/s00134-013-2906-z. PMID: 23673399Free PMC Article
Compartment syndrome of the lower leg and foot.
Frink M, Hildebrand F, Krettek C, Brand J, Hankemeier S
Clin Orthop Relat Res 2010 Apr;468(4):940-50. Epub 2009 May 27 doi: 10.1007/s11999-009-0891-x. PMID: 19472025Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Abdominal compartment syndrome: Current concepts and management.
Montalvo-Jave EE, Espejel-Deloiza M, Chernitzky-Camaño J, Peña-Pérez CA, Rivero-Sigarroa E, Ortega-León LH
Rev Gastroenterol Mex (Engl Ed) 2020 Oct-Dec;85(4):443-451. Epub 2020 Aug 23 doi: 10.1016/j.rgmx.2020.03.003. PMID: 32847726
Forearm Compartment Syndrome: Evaluation and Management.
Kistler JM, Ilyas AM, Thoder JJ
Hand Clin 2018 Feb;34(1):53-60. doi: 10.1016/j.hcl.2017.09.006. PMID: 29169597
Evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic exertional compartment syndrome: a review of current literature.
Vajapey S, Miller TL
Phys Sportsmed 2017 Nov;45(4):391-398. Epub 2017 Oct 3 doi: 10.1080/00913847.2017.1384289. PMID: 28952402
Acute Compartment Syndrome.
Schmidt AH
Orthop Clin North Am 2016 Jul;47(3):517-25. doi: 10.1016/j.ocl.2016.02.001. PMID: 27241376
Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome.
Braver RT
Clin Podiatr Med Surg 2016 Apr;33(2):219-33. Epub 2016 Feb 3 doi: 10.1016/j.cpm.2015.12.002. PMID: 27013413

Therapy

Prevention of infection in open fractures: Where are the pendulums now?
Rupp M, Popp D, Alt V
Injury 2020 May;51 Suppl 2:S57-S63. Epub 2019 Oct 25 doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2019.10.074. PMID: 31679836
Abdominal compartment syndrome and intra-abdominal hypertension.
Pereira BM
Curr Opin Crit Care 2019 Dec;25(6):688-696. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0000000000000665. PMID: 31524716
Acute compartment syndrome.
Schmidt AH
Injury 2017 Jun;48 Suppl 1:S22-S25. Epub 2017 Apr 24 doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2017.04.024. PMID: 28449851
Early enteral nutrition in critically ill patients: ESICM clinical practice guidelines.
Reintam Blaser A, Starkopf J, Alhazzani W, Berger MM, Casaer MP, Deane AM, Fruhwald S, Hiesmayr M, Ichai C, Jakob SM, Loudet CI, Malbrain ML, Montejo González JC, Paugam-Burtz C, Poeze M, Preiser JC, Singer P, van Zanten AR, De Waele J, Wendon J, Wernerman J, Whitehouse T, Wilmer A, Oudemans-van Straaten HM; ESICM Working Group on Gastrointestinal Function
Intensive Care Med 2017 Mar;43(3):380-398. Epub 2017 Feb 6 doi: 10.1007/s00134-016-4665-0. PMID: 28168570Free PMC Article
Acute Compartment Syndrome.
Schmidt AH
Orthop Clin North Am 2016 Jul;47(3):517-25. doi: 10.1016/j.ocl.2016.02.001. PMID: 27241376

Prognosis

Regional Anesthesia and Compartment Syndrome.
Marhofer P, Halm J, Feigl GC, Schepers T, Hollmann MW
Anesth Analg 2021 Nov 1;133(5):1348-1352. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000005661. PMID: 34255752
Intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome: a current review.
Kimball EJ
Curr Opin Crit Care 2021 Apr 1;27(2):164-168. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0000000000000797. PMID: 33480617
Critical Care Nephrology: Core Curriculum 2020.
Griffin BR, Liu KD, Teixeira JP
Am J Kidney Dis 2020 Mar;75(3):435-452. Epub 2020 Jan 22 doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2019.10.010. PMID: 31982214Free PMC Article
Limb ischemia in peripheral veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a narrative review of incidence, prevention, monitoring, and treatment.
Bonicolini E, Martucci G, Simons J, Raffa GM, Spina C, Lo Coco V, Arcadipane A, Pilato M, Lorusso R
Crit Care 2019 Jul 30;23(1):266. doi: 10.1186/s13054-019-2541-3. PMID: 31362770Free PMC Article
Complications and revision amputation following trauma-related lower limb loss.
Low EE, Inkellis E, Morshed S
Injury 2017 Feb;48(2):364-370. Epub 2016 Nov 18 doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2016.11.019. PMID: 27890336

Clinical prediction guides

Two-Compartment or 4-Compartment Fasciotomy for Lower Leg Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome: A Systematic Review.
Weiss C, Vogels S, Wee L, Janssen L, de Bie RA, Scheltinga MR
J Foot Ankle Surg 2022 Sep-Oct;61(5):1124-1133. Epub 2022 Feb 24 doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2022.02.011. PMID: 35337738
Abdominal compartment syndrome: Often overlooked conditions in medical intensive care units.
Rajasurya V, Surani S
World J Gastroenterol 2020 Jan 21;26(3):266-278. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i3.266. PMID: 31988588Free PMC Article
Acute compartment syndrome: Cause, diagnosis, and new viewpoint.
Guo J, Yin Y, Jin L, Zhang R, Hou Z, Zhang Y
Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Jul;98(27):e16260. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000016260. PMID: 31277147Free PMC Article
Complications and revision amputation following trauma-related lower limb loss.
Low EE, Inkellis E, Morshed S
Injury 2017 Feb;48(2):364-370. Epub 2016 Nov 18 doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2016.11.019. PMID: 27890336
Crush syndrome.
Gonzalez D
Crit Care Med 2005 Jan;33(1 Suppl):S34-41. doi: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000151065.13564.6f. PMID: 15640677

Recent systematic reviews

Two-Compartment or 4-Compartment Fasciotomy for Lower Leg Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome: A Systematic Review.
Weiss C, Vogels S, Wee L, Janssen L, de Bie RA, Scheltinga MR
J Foot Ankle Surg 2022 Sep-Oct;61(5):1124-1133. Epub 2022 Feb 24 doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2022.02.011. PMID: 35337738
Corticosteroids for periorbital and orbital cellulitis.
Kornelsen E, Mahant S, Parkin P, Ren LY, Reginald YA, Shah SS, Gill PJ
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021 Apr 28;4(4):CD013535. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013535.pub2. PMID: 33908631Free PMC Article
Complications After Distal Biceps Tendon Repair: A Systematic Review.
Amarasooriya M, Bain GI, Roper T, Bryant K, Iqbal K, Phadnis J
Am J Sports Med 2020 Oct;48(12):3103-3111. Epub 2020 Feb 24 doi: 10.1177/0363546519899933. PMID: 32091914
Anatomy of foot Compartments: a systematic review.
Vazquez-Zorrilla D, Millan-Alanis JM, Alvarez-Villalobos NA, Elizondo-Omaña RE, Guzman-Lopez S, Vilchez-Cavazos JF, Fernandez-Rodarte BA, Quiroga-Garza A
Ann Anat 2020 May;229:151465. Epub 2020 Jan 21 doi: 10.1016/j.aanat.2020.151465. PMID: 31978573
Exercise-induced leg pain in athletes: diagnostic, assessment, and management strategies.
Lohrer H, Malliaropoulos N, Korakakis V, Padhiar N
Phys Sportsmed 2019 Feb;47(1):47-59. Epub 2018 Nov 5 doi: 10.1080/00913847.2018.1537861. PMID: 30345867

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