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Vaginismus

MedGen UID:
412150
•Concept ID:
C2004487
•
Disease or Syndrome; Finding
Synonyms: Colpospasm; Myalgia of pelvic floor; myalgia of pelvic floor; Pelvic floor myalgia; Spasm of vaginal muscles at intercourse; Vaginal spasm; vaginismus; Vaginospasm; Vulvismus
SNOMED CT: Vaginospasm (79012001); Colpospasm (79012001); Vulvismus (79012001); Vaginal spasm (79012001); Spasm of vaginal muscles at intercourse (79012001)
 
HPO: HP:0030017
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0021723

Definition

Recurrent or persistent involuntary spasms of the musculature of the outer third of the vagina that interferes with vaginal penetration, and which causes personal distress. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVVaginismus

Professional guidelines

PubMed

The Overactive Pelvic Floor (OPF) and Sexual Dysfunction. Part 2: Evaluation and Treatment of Sexual Dysfunction in OPF Patients.
Padoa A, McLean L, Morin M, Vandyken C
Sex Med Rev 2021 Jan;9(1):76-92. Epub 2020 Jul 4 doi: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2020.04.002. PMID: 32631813
Pelvic floor physical therapy in the treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction in women.
Wallace SL, Miller LD, Mishra K
Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2019 Dec;31(6):485-493. doi: 10.1097/GCO.0000000000000584. PMID: 31609735
Vaginismus: a review of the literature on the classification/diagnosis, etiology and treatment.
Lahaie MA, Boyer SC, Amsel R, Khalifé S, Binik YM
Womens Health (Lond) 2010 Sep;6(5):705-19. doi: 10.2217/whe.10.46. PMID: 20887170

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Botulinum toxin injection in vulva and vagina. Evidence from a literature systematic review.
Parenti M, Degliuomini RS, Cosmi E, Vitagliano A, Fasola E, Origoni M, Salvatore S, Buzzaccarini G
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2023 Dec;291:178-189. Epub 2023 Oct 27 doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2023.10.028. PMID: 38353087
Relationship Between Adult Separation Anxiety and Attachment Styles and Vaginismus.
Unlubilgin E, Tetik S, Aksoy I, Yuksel D, Tekin OM
J Sex Med 2021 Oct;18(10):1752-1758. Epub 2021 Aug 18 doi: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.07.005. PMID: 34417127
Vaginismus, Dyspareunia and Abuse History: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Tetik S, Yalçınkaya Alkar Ö
J Sex Med 2021 Sep;18(9):1555-1570. Epub 2021 Aug 6 doi: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.07.004. PMID: 34366265
Dyspareunia in Women.
Hill DA, Taylor CA
Am Fam Physician 2021 May 15;103(10):597-604. PMID: 33983001
Interventions for vaginismus.
Melnik T, Hawton K, McGuire H
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012 Dec 12;12(12):CD001760. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001760.pub2. PMID: 23235583Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Vaginismus, Dyspareunia and Abuse History: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Tetik S, Yalçınkaya Alkar Ö
J Sex Med 2021 Sep;18(9):1555-1570. Epub 2021 Aug 6 doi: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.07.004. PMID: 34366265
Dyspareunia in Women.
Hill DA, Taylor CA
Am Fam Physician 2021 May 15;103(10):597-604. PMID: 33983001
Female Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder: Review of the Related Factors and Overall Approach.
Dias-Amaral A, Marques-Pinto A
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2018 Dec;40(12):787-793. Epub 2018 Nov 14 doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1675805. PMID: 30428492Free PMC Article
Vulvodynia.
Shah M, Hoffstetter S
Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2014 Sep;41(3):453-64. Epub 2014 Jul 9 doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2014.05.005. PMID: 25155125
Vaginismus: a review of the literature on the classification/diagnosis, etiology and treatment.
Lahaie MA, Boyer SC, Amsel R, Khalifé S, Binik YM
Womens Health (Lond) 2010 Sep;6(5):705-19. doi: 10.2217/whe.10.46. PMID: 20887170

Therapy

Vulvodynia.
Shah M, Hoffstetter S
Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2014 Sep;41(3):453-64. Epub 2014 Jul 9 doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2014.05.005. PMID: 25155125
Interventions for vaginismus.
Melnik T, Hawton K, McGuire H
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012 Dec 12;12(12):CD001760. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001760.pub2. PMID: 23235583Free PMC Article
Vaginismus: a review of the literature on the classification/diagnosis, etiology and treatment.
Lahaie MA, Boyer SC, Amsel R, Khalifé S, Binik YM
Womens Health (Lond) 2010 Sep;6(5):705-19. doi: 10.2217/whe.10.46. PMID: 20887170
Interventions for vaginismus.
McGuire H, Hawton K
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;(1):CD001760. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001760. PMID: 12535412
Interventions for vaginismus.
McGuire H, Hawton K
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2001;(2):CD001760. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001760. PMID: 11406006

Prognosis

Pelvic Pain in Transgender People Using Testosterone Therapy.
Zwickl S, Burchill L, Wong AFQ, Leemaqz SY, Cook T, Angus LM, Eshin K, Elder CV, Grover SR, Zajac JD, Cheung AS
LGBT Health 2023 Apr;10(3):179-190. Epub 2023 Jan 4 doi: 10.1089/lgbt.2022.0187. PMID: 36603056Free PMC Article
Bio-psychosocial factor of vaginismus in Iranian women.
Banaei M, Kariman N, Ozgoli G, Nasiri M
Reprod Health 2021 Oct 18;18(1):210. doi: 10.1186/s12978-021-01260-2. PMID: 34663378Free PMC Article
Couple Therapy and Vaginismus: A Single Case Approach.
Bokaie M, Bostani Khalesi Z
J Sex Marital Ther 2019;45(8):667-672. Epub 2019 Jun 20 doi: 10.1080/0092623X.2019.1610126. PMID: 31007150
The Neurobiology and Psychiatric Perspective of Vaginismus: Linking the Pharmacological and Psycho-Social Interventions.
Kadir ZS, Sidi H, Kumar J, Das S, Midin M, Baharuddin N
Curr Drug Targets 2018;19(8):916-926. doi: 10.2174/1389450118666170222153908. PMID: 28228081
Does vaginismus exist? A critical review of the literature.
Reissing ED, Binik YM, Khalifé S
J Nerv Ment Dis 1999 May;187(5):261-74. doi: 10.1097/00005053-199905000-00001. PMID: 10348080

Clinical prediction guides

Unconsummated marriage: a systematic review of etiological factors and clinical management.
Krishnappa P, Manfredi C, Jayaramaiah S, Ditonno F, Matippa P, Shah R, Moncada I
J Sex Med 2023 Dec 22;21(1):20-28. doi: 10.1093/jsxmed/qdad146. PMID: 37952223
Sexual function among women with vaginismus: a biopsychosocial approach.
Banaei M, Kariman N, Ozgoli G, Nasiri M, Roozbeh N, Zare F
J Sex Med 2023 Feb 27;20(3):298-312. doi: 10.1093/jsxmed/qdac049. PMID: 36755511
Relationship Between Adult Separation Anxiety and Attachment Styles and Vaginismus.
Unlubilgin E, Tetik S, Aksoy I, Yuksel D, Tekin OM
J Sex Med 2021 Oct;18(10):1752-1758. Epub 2021 Aug 18 doi: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.07.005. PMID: 34417127
Vaginismus, Dyspareunia and Abuse History: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Tetik S, Yalçınkaya Alkar Ö
J Sex Med 2021 Sep;18(9):1555-1570. Epub 2021 Aug 6 doi: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.07.004. PMID: 34366265
Vaginismus and its correlates in an Iranian clinical sample.
Farnam F, Janghorbani M, Merghati-Khoei E, Raisi F
Int J Impot Res 2014 Nov-Dec;26(6):230-4. Epub 2014 May 15 doi: 10.1038/ijir.2014.16. PMID: 24830673

Recent systematic reviews

Lichen Sclerosus and Sexual Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Pope R, Lee MH, Myers A, Song J, Abou Ghayda R, Kim JY, Hong SH, Lee SB, Koyanagi A, Jacob L, Smith L, Shin JI
J Sex Med 2022 Nov;19(11):1616-1624. Epub 2022 Sep 15 doi: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.07.011. PMID: 36115787
Vaginismus, Dyspareunia and Abuse History: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Tetik S, Yalçınkaya Alkar Ö
J Sex Med 2021 Sep;18(9):1555-1570. Epub 2021 Aug 6 doi: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.07.004. PMID: 34366265
Interventions for vaginismus.
Melnik T, Hawton K, McGuire H
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012 Dec 12;12(12):CD001760. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001760.pub2. PMID: 23235583Free PMC Article
Interventions for vaginismus.
McGuire H, Hawton K
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;(1):CD001760. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001760. PMID: 12535412
Interventions for vaginismus.
McGuire H, Hawton K
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2001;(2):CD001760. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001760. PMID: 11406006

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