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Leukemoid reaction

MedGen UID:
44129
•Concept ID:
C0023501
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Leukemoid Reaction; Leukemoid Reactions; Reaction, Leukemoid; Reactions, Leukemoid
SNOMED CT: Leukemoid reaction (56478004)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0006829

Definition

A hematology test result that indicates the presence of an increased white blood cell count and increased neutrophil precursors resembling leukemia, in a peripheral blood smear. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Leukemia or leukemoid reaction: a problem in differential diagnosis.
McCURDY PR
GP 1958 Dec;18(6):121-5. PMID: 13598010

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Neonatal Leukemia.
Brown PA
Clin Perinatol 2021 Mar;48(1):15-33. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2020.11.002. PMID: 33583502
Feeding problems and gastrointestinal diseases in Down syndrome.
Ravel A, Mircher C, Rebillat AS, Cieuta-Walti C, Megarbane A
Arch Pediatr 2020 Jan;27(1):53-60. Epub 2019 Nov 26 doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2019.11.008. PMID: 31784293
Leukemoid reaction: A 21st-century cohort study.
Portich JP, Faulhaber GAM
Int J Lab Hematol 2020 Apr;42(2):134-139. Epub 2019 Nov 25 doi: 10.1111/ijlh.13127. PMID: 31765058
Leukemoid reaction in the pediatric population: etiologies, outcome, and implications.
Hoofien A, Yarden-Bilavski H, Ashkenazi S, Chodick G, Livni G
Eur J Pediatr 2018 Jul;177(7):1029-1036. Epub 2018 Apr 25 doi: 10.1007/s00431-018-3155-5. PMID: 29696475
Transient Abnormal Myelopoiesis and AML in Down Syndrome: an Update.
Bhatnagar N, Nizery L, Tunstall O, Vyas P, Roberts I
Curr Hematol Malig Rep 2016 Oct;11(5):333-41. doi: 10.1007/s11899-016-0338-x. PMID: 27510823Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Feeding problems and gastrointestinal diseases in Down syndrome.
Ravel A, Mircher C, Rebillat AS, Cieuta-Walti C, Megarbane A
Arch Pediatr 2020 Jan;27(1):53-60. Epub 2019 Nov 26 doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2019.11.008. PMID: 31784293
Leukemoid reaction: A 21st-century cohort study.
Portich JP, Faulhaber GAM
Int J Lab Hematol 2020 Apr;42(2):134-139. Epub 2019 Nov 25 doi: 10.1111/ijlh.13127. PMID: 31765058
Transient Abnormal Myelopoiesis and AML in Down Syndrome: an Update.
Bhatnagar N, Nizery L, Tunstall O, Vyas P, Roberts I
Curr Hematol Malig Rep 2016 Oct;11(5):333-41. doi: 10.1007/s11899-016-0338-x. PMID: 27510823Free PMC Article
Malignant or benign leukocytosis.
George TI
Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2012;2012:475-84. doi: 10.1182/asheducation-2012.1.475. PMID: 23233622
Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase.
Okun DB, Tanaka KR
Am J Hematol 1978;4(3):293-9. doi: 10.1002/ajh.2830040312. PMID: 362907

Therapy

Management of Down Syndrome-Associated Leukemias: A Review.
Verma A, Lupo PJ, Shah NN, Hitzler J, Rabin KR
JAMA Oncol 2023 Sep 1;9(9):1283-1290. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.2163. PMID: 37440251
Myeloid leukemoid reaction after initial azacitidine therapy for chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.
Hagino T, Sato T, Saga R, Hidai H, Murai Y, Akiyama H, Motomura S
Int J Hematol 2022 Dec;116(6):961-965. Epub 2022 Jul 19 doi: 10.1007/s12185-022-03422-9. PMID: 35852697
Leukemoid reaction: A 21st-century cohort study.
Portich JP, Faulhaber GAM
Int J Lab Hematol 2020 Apr;42(2):134-139. Epub 2019 Nov 25 doi: 10.1111/ijlh.13127. PMID: 31765058
Leukemoid reaction: Case report.
Ellison TA, Mandal K
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018 Apr;155(4):e117-e118. Epub 2017 Dec 23 doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2017.08.125. PMID: 29366572
Sulfasalazine-induced agranulocytosis.
Jacobson IM, Kelsey PB, Blyden GT, Demirjian ZN, Isselbacher KJ
Am J Gastroenterol 1985 Feb;80(2):118-21. PMID: 2857524

Prognosis

Paraneoplastic leukemoid reaction: Case report and review of the literature.
Abukhiran I, Mott SL, Bellizzi AM, Boukhar SA
Pathol Res Pract 2021 Jan;217:153295. Epub 2020 Nov 25 doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153295. PMID: 33341546
Paraneoplastic leukemoid reactions induced by cytokine-secreting tumours.
Abukhiran IA, Jasser J, Syrbu S
J Clin Pathol 2020 Jun;73(6):310-313. Epub 2020 Jan 15 doi: 10.1136/jclinpath-2019-206340. PMID: 31941653Free PMC Article
Leukemoid reaction: A 21st-century cohort study.
Portich JP, Faulhaber GAM
Int J Lab Hematol 2020 Apr;42(2):134-139. Epub 2019 Nov 25 doi: 10.1111/ijlh.13127. PMID: 31765058
A prospective study of hospitalized patients with leukemoid reaction; causes, prognosis and value of manual peripheral smear review.
Karakonstantis S, Koulouridi M, Pitsillos K, Kalokyri E, Kozyri A, Gourniezaki G, Lydakis C
Rom J Intern Med 2019 Sep 1;57(3):241-247. doi: 10.2478/rjim-2019-0006. PMID: 30862764
Leukemoid reaction: spectrum and prognosis of 173 adult patients.
Potasman I, Grupper M
Clin Infect Dis 2013 Dec;57(11):e177-81. Epub 2013 Aug 30 doi: 10.1093/cid/cit562. PMID: 23994818

Clinical prediction guides

Management of Down Syndrome-Associated Leukemias: A Review.
Verma A, Lupo PJ, Shah NN, Hitzler J, Rabin KR
JAMA Oncol 2023 Sep 1;9(9):1283-1290. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.2163. PMID: 37440251
Cytokine alterations during paraneoplastic neutrophilia and leukemoid reaction in patients with advanced melanoma.
Zhang XW, Wald A, Salzmann M, Halama N, Hassel JC
Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023 Feb;72(2):509-513. Epub 2022 Jul 16 doi: 10.1007/s00262-022-03249-7. PMID: 35841421Free PMC Article
Recent advances in the understanding of transient abnormal myelopoiesis in Down syndrome.
Watanabe K
Pediatr Int 2019 Mar;61(3):222-229. Epub 2019 Mar 4 doi: 10.1111/ped.13776. PMID: 30593694
Leukemoid reaction in the pediatric population: etiologies, outcome, and implications.
Hoofien A, Yarden-Bilavski H, Ashkenazi S, Chodick G, Livni G
Eur J Pediatr 2018 Jul;177(7):1029-1036. Epub 2018 Apr 25 doi: 10.1007/s00431-018-3155-5. PMID: 29696475
Leukemoid reaction: Case report.
Ellison TA, Mandal K
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018 Apr;155(4):e117-e118. Epub 2017 Dec 23 doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2017.08.125. PMID: 29366572

Recent systematic reviews

Prenatal therapy in transient abnormal myelopoiesis: a systematic review.
Tamblyn JA, Norton A, Spurgeon L, Donovan V, Bedford Russell A, Bonnici J, Perkins K, Vyas P, Roberts I, Kilby MD
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2016 Jan;101(1):F67-71. Epub 2015 May 8 doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2014-308004. PMID: 25956670
Paraneoplastic syndromes in patients with primary oral cancers: a systematic review.
Chapireau D, Adlam D, Cameron M, Thompson M
Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010 Jul;48(5):338-44. Epub 2009 Oct 14 doi: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2009.08.025. PMID: 19833419

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