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Leukemoid reaction

MedGen UID:
44129
•Concept ID:
C0023501
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Leukemoid Reaction; Leukemoid Reactions; Reaction, Leukemoid; Reactions, Leukemoid
SNOMED CT: Leukemoid reaction (56478004)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0006829

Definition

A hematology test result that indicates the presence of an increased white blood cell count and increased neutrophil precursors resembling leukemia, in a peripheral blood smear. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Leukemia or leukemoid reaction: a problem in differential diagnosis.
McCURDY PR
GP 1958 Dec;18(6):121-5. PMID: 13598010

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Inherent genome instability underlies trisomy 21-associated myeloid malignancies.
Chen CC, Silberman RE, Ma D, Perry JA, Khalid D, Pikman Y, Amon A, Hemann MT, Rowe RG
Leukemia 2024 Mar;38(3):521-529. Epub 2024 Jan 20 doi: 10.1038/s41375-024-02151-8. PMID: 38245602
Management of Down Syndrome-Associated Leukemias: A Review.
Verma A, Lupo PJ, Shah NN, Hitzler J, Rabin KR
JAMA Oncol 2023 Sep 1;9(9):1283-1290. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.2163. PMID: 37440251
Neonatal Leukemia.
Brown PA
Clin Perinatol 2021 Mar;48(1):15-33. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2020.11.002. PMID: 33583502
Feeding problems and gastrointestinal diseases in Down syndrome.
Ravel A, Mircher C, Rebillat AS, Cieuta-Walti C, Megarbane A
Arch Pediatr 2020 Jan;27(1):53-60. Epub 2019 Nov 26 doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2019.11.008. PMID: 31784293
Transient Abnormal Myelopoiesis and AML in Down Syndrome: an Update.
Bhatnagar N, Nizery L, Tunstall O, Vyas P, Roberts I
Curr Hematol Malig Rep 2016 Oct;11(5):333-41. doi: 10.1007/s11899-016-0338-x. PMID: 27510823Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Jaundice with severe leucocytosis.
Haxhe S, Baldin P, Trefois P, Havelange V, Lanthier N
J Hepatol 2024 Mar;80(3):e103-e105. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.10.014. PMID: 38368018
Leukemoid reaction: Case report.
Ellison TA, Mandal K
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018 Apr;155(4):e117-e118. Epub 2017 Dec 23 doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2017.08.125. PMID: 29366572
Transient Abnormal Myelopoiesis and AML in Down Syndrome: an Update.
Bhatnagar N, Nizery L, Tunstall O, Vyas P, Roberts I
Curr Hematol Malig Rep 2016 Oct;11(5):333-41. doi: 10.1007/s11899-016-0338-x. PMID: 27510823Free PMC Article
Malignant or benign leukocytosis.
George TI
Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2012;2012:475-84. doi: 10.1182/asheducation-2012.1.475. PMID: 23233622
Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase.
Okun DB, Tanaka KR
Am J Hematol 1978;4(3):293-9. doi: 10.1002/ajh.2830040312. PMID: 362907

Therapy

Jaundice with severe leucocytosis.
Haxhe S, Baldin P, Trefois P, Havelange V, Lanthier N
J Hepatol 2024 Mar;80(3):e103-e105. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.10.014. PMID: 38368018
Management of Down Syndrome-Associated Leukemias: A Review.
Verma A, Lupo PJ, Shah NN, Hitzler J, Rabin KR
JAMA Oncol 2023 Sep 1;9(9):1283-1290. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.2163. PMID: 37440251
Leukemoid reaction: Case report.
Ellison TA, Mandal K
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018 Apr;155(4):e117-e118. Epub 2017 Dec 23 doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2017.08.125. PMID: 29366572
History of myeloid-derived suppressor cells.
Talmadge JE, Gabrilovich DI
Nat Rev Cancer 2013 Oct;13(10):739-52. doi: 10.1038/nrc3581. PMID: 24060865Free PMC Article
Sulfasalazine-induced agranulocytosis.
Jacobson IM, Kelsey PB, Blyden GT, Demirjian ZN, Isselbacher KJ
Am J Gastroenterol 1985 Feb;80(2):118-21. PMID: 2857524

Prognosis

Management of Down Syndrome-Associated Leukemias: A Review.
Verma A, Lupo PJ, Shah NN, Hitzler J, Rabin KR
JAMA Oncol 2023 Sep 1;9(9):1283-1290. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.2163. PMID: 37440251
The paradox of Myeloid Leukemia associated with Down syndrome.
Gupte A, Al-Antary ET, Edwards H, Ravindranath Y, Ge Y, Taub JW
Biochem Pharmacol 2022 Jul;201:115046. Epub 2022 Apr 26 doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115046. PMID: 35483417
Hematological disorders in children with Down syndrome.
Triarico S, Trombatore G, Capozza MA, Romano A, Mastrangelo S, Attinà G, Maurizi P, Ruggiero A
Expert Rev Hematol 2022 Feb;15(2):127-135. Epub 2022 Feb 28 doi: 10.1080/17474086.2022.2044780. PMID: 35184659
Hyperleukocytosis in Solid tumors: A Rare Paraneoplastic Syndrome Associated with Poor Prognosis.
Ferrão JB, Sardinha MP, Dutra E
Am J Med Sci 2021 Aug;362(2):211-214. Epub 2021 May 11 doi: 10.1016/j.amjms.2021.01.027. PMID: 33989562
Leukemoid reaction: Case report.
Ellison TA, Mandal K
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018 Apr;155(4):e117-e118. Epub 2017 Dec 23 doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2017.08.125. PMID: 29366572

Clinical prediction guides

Cytokine profiling in 128 patients with transient abnormal myelopoiesis: a report from the JPLSG TAM-10 trial.
Yamato G, Tsumura Y, Muramatsu H, Shimada A, Imaizumi T, Tsukagoshi H, Kaburagi T, Shiba N, Yamada Y, Deguchi T, Kawai T, Terui K, Ito E, Watanabe K, Hayashi Y
Blood Adv 2024 Jun 25;8(12):3120-3129. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023011628. PMID: 38691583Free PMC Article
Management of Down Syndrome-Associated Leukemias: A Review.
Verma A, Lupo PJ, Shah NN, Hitzler J, Rabin KR
JAMA Oncol 2023 Sep 1;9(9):1283-1290. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.2163. PMID: 37440251
A case of paraneoplastic hyperleukocytosis closely mimicking chronic neutrophilic leukemia.
Mittal N, Gupta R, Rahman K, Singh P, Panda I, Nityanand S
J Cancer Res Ther 2020 Jan-Mar;16(1):186-188. doi: 10.4103/0973-1482.199434. PMID: 32362636
Factors influencing platelet normalization of transient abnormal myelopoiesis.
Nakamura W, Goto H, Hayashi A, Keino D, Sugiyama M, Miyagawa N, Iwasaki F, Hamanoue S, Yokosuka T, Goto S, Toyoshima K
Pediatr Int 2020 Aug;62(8):907-910. Epub 2020 Jul 9 doi: 10.1111/ped.14214. PMID: 32124502
Leukemoid reaction: Case report.
Ellison TA, Mandal K
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018 Apr;155(4):e117-e118. Epub 2017 Dec 23 doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2017.08.125. PMID: 29366572

Recent systematic reviews

Prenatal therapy in transient abnormal myelopoiesis: a systematic review.
Tamblyn JA, Norton A, Spurgeon L, Donovan V, Bedford Russell A, Bonnici J, Perkins K, Vyas P, Roberts I, Kilby MD
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2016 Jan;101(1):F67-71. Epub 2015 May 8 doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2014-308004. PMID: 25956670
Paraneoplastic syndromes in patients with primary oral cancers: a systematic review.
Chapireau D, Adlam D, Cameron M, Thompson M
Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010 Jul;48(5):338-44. Epub 2009 Oct 14 doi: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2009.08.025. PMID: 19833419

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