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Femoroacetabular impingement

MedGen UID:
445274
•Concept ID:
C2936290
•
Pathologic Function
Synonyms: Femoracetabular Impingement; Femoracetabular Impingements; Femoro Acetabular Impingement; Femoro-Acetabular Impingement; Femoro-Acetabular Impingements; Femoroacetabular Impingement; Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome; Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndromes; Femoroacetabular Impingements; Impingement Syndrome, Femoroacetabular; Impingement Syndromes, Femoroacetabular; Impingement, Femoracetabular; Impingement, Femoro-Acetabular; Impingement, Femoroacetabular; Impingements, Femoracetabular; Impingements, Femoro-Acetabular; Impingements, Femoroacetabular; Syndrome, Femoroacetabular Impingement; Syndromes, Femoroacetabular Impingement
SNOMED CT: Femoral acetabular impingement (432473000); Femoroacetabular impingement (432473000); Femoro-acetabular impingement (432473000)
 
HPO: HP:0030883

Definition

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) results from one or more bony abnormalities that lead to abnormal contact between the acetabulum and the femoral head or neck. The femoral abnormality is proposed to cause compression and shear stresses in the region between the labrum and cartilage, anterosuperiorly. These stresses cause a separation between the labrum and cartilage as the labrum is pushed outwards and the cartilage is pushed centrally. This eventually leads to articular degeneration and eventually global hip osteoarthritis. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVFemoroacetabular impingement

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Hip Pain in Adults: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis.
Chamberlain R
Am Fam Physician 2021 Jan 15;103(2):81-89. PMID: 33448767
Diagnosis and treatment of labral tear.
Su T, Chen GX, Yang L
Chin Med J (Engl) 2019 Jan 20;132(2):211-219. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000020. PMID: 30614856Free PMC Article
Hip Osteoarthritis: Etiopathogenesis and Implications for Management.
Murphy NJ, Eyles JP, Hunter DJ
Adv Ther 2016 Nov;33(11):1921-1946. Epub 2016 Sep 26 doi: 10.1007/s12325-016-0409-3. PMID: 27671326Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Conservative therapy versus arthroscopic surgery of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAI): a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Zhu Y, Su P, Xu T, Zhang L, Fu W
J Orthop Surg Res 2022 Jun 3;17(1):296. doi: 10.1186/s13018-022-03187-1. PMID: 35659016Free PMC Article
Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome.
Trigg SD, Schroeder JD, Hulsopple C
Curr Sports Med Rep 2020 Sep;19(9):360-366. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000748. PMID: 32925375
Arthroscopic surgery versus physiotherapy for femoroacetabular impingement: a meta-analysis study.
Gatz M, Driessen A, Eschweiler J, Tingart M, Migliorini F
Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2020 Oct;30(7):1151-1162. Epub 2020 May 7 doi: 10.1007/s00590-020-02675-6. PMID: 32382825Free PMC Article
Nonoperative Management of Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Prospective Study.
Pennock AT, Bomar JD, Johnson KP, Randich K, Upasani VV
Am J Sports Med 2018 Dec;46(14):3415-3422. Epub 2018 Nov 6 doi: 10.1177/0363546518804805. PMID: 30398893
Hip Osteoarthritis: Etiopathogenesis and Implications for Management.
Murphy NJ, Eyles JP, Hunter DJ
Adv Ther 2016 Nov;33(11):1921-1946. Epub 2016 Sep 26 doi: 10.1007/s12325-016-0409-3. PMID: 27671326Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Best Practices: Hip Femoroacetabular Impingement.
Schmaranzer F, Kheterpal AB, Bredella MA
AJR Am J Roentgenol 2021 Mar;216(3):585-598. Epub 2021 Jan 21 doi: 10.2214/AJR.20.22783. PMID: 33474984Free PMC Article
Hip Pain in Adults: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis.
Chamberlain R
Am Fam Physician 2021 Jan 15;103(2):81-89. PMID: 33448767
Therapeutic Exercise Approaches to Nonoperative and Postoperative Management of Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome.
Terrell SL, Olson GE, Lynch J
J Athl Train 2021 Jan 1;56(1):31-45. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-0488.19. PMID: 33112956Free PMC Article
Femoroacetabular impingement in young adults: assessment and management.
Matar HE, Rajpura A, Board TN
Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2019 Oct 2;80(10):584-588. doi: 10.12968/hmed.2019.80.10.584. PMID: 31589500
Hip Osteoarthritis: Etiopathogenesis and Implications for Management.
Murphy NJ, Eyles JP, Hunter DJ
Adv Ther 2016 Nov;33(11):1921-1946. Epub 2016 Sep 26 doi: 10.1007/s12325-016-0409-3. PMID: 27671326Free PMC Article

Therapy

Arthroscopic surgery versus physiotherapy for femoroacetabular impingement: a meta-analysis study.
Gatz M, Driessen A, Eschweiler J, Tingart M, Migliorini F
Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2020 Oct;30(7):1151-1162. Epub 2020 May 7 doi: 10.1007/s00590-020-02675-6. PMID: 32382825Free PMC Article
Femoroacetabular impingement in young adults: assessment and management.
Matar HE, Rajpura A, Board TN
Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2019 Oct 2;80(10):584-588. doi: 10.12968/hmed.2019.80.10.584. PMID: 31589500
Nonoperative Management of Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Prospective Study.
Pennock AT, Bomar JD, Johnson KP, Randich K, Upasani VV
Am J Sports Med 2018 Dec;46(14):3415-3422. Epub 2018 Nov 6 doi: 10.1177/0363546518804805. PMID: 30398893
Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Review.
Egger AC, Frangiamore S, Rosneck J
Sports Med Arthrosc Rev 2016 Dec;24(4):e53-e58. doi: 10.1097/JSA.0000000000000126. PMID: 27811519
Nonoperative treatment for femoroacetabular impingement: a systematic review of the literature.
Wall PD, Fernandez M, Griffin DR, Foster NE
PM R 2013 May;5(5):418-26. Epub 2013 Feb 16 doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2013.02.005. PMID: 23419746

Prognosis

Labral tears in hip dysplasia and femoroacetabular impingement: A systematic review.
Savoye-Laurens T, Verdier N, Wettstein M, Baulot E, Gédouin JE, Martz P
Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2023 Jun;109(4):103539. Epub 2022 Dec 29 doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2022.103539. PMID: 36587762
Mid- to Long-Term Outcomes of Hip Arthroscopy: A Systematic Review.
Kyin C, Maldonado DR, Go CC, Shapira J, Lall AC, Domb BG
Arthroscopy 2021 Mar;37(3):1011-1025. Epub 2020 Nov 18 doi: 10.1016/j.arthro.2020.10.001. PMID: 33220468
Physiotherapy as an Initial Treatment Option for Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Meta-analysis of 5 Randomized Controlled Trials.
Hoit G, Whelan DB, Dwyer T, Ajrawat P, Chahal J
Am J Sports Med 2020 Jul;48(8):2042-2050. Epub 2019 Nov 27 doi: 10.1177/0363546519882668. PMID: 31774704
Arthroscopic Surgery or Physical Therapy for Patients With Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial With 2-Year Follow-up.
Mansell NS, Rhon DI, Meyer J, Slevin JM, Marchant BG
Am J Sports Med 2018 May;46(6):1306-1314. Epub 2018 Feb 14 doi: 10.1177/0363546517751912. PMID: 29443538
The Warwick Agreement on femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAI syndrome): an international consensus statement.
Griffin DR, Dickenson EJ, O'Donnell J, Agricola R, Awan T, Beck M, Clohisy JC, Dijkstra HP, Falvey E, Gimpel M, Hinman RS, Hölmich P, Kassarjian A, Martin HD, Martin R, Mather RC, Philippon MJ, Reiman MP, Takla A, Thorborg K, Walker S, Weir A, Bennell KL
Br J Sports Med 2016 Oct;50(19):1169-76. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096743. PMID: 27629403

Clinical prediction guides

Conservative therapy versus arthroscopic surgery of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAI): a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Zhu Y, Su P, Xu T, Zhang L, Fu W
J Orthop Surg Res 2022 Jun 3;17(1):296. doi: 10.1186/s13018-022-03187-1. PMID: 35659016Free PMC Article
Arthroscopic Hip Surgery versus Conservative Therapy on Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of RCTs.
Mok TN, He QY, Teng Q, Sin TH, Wang HJ, Zha ZG, Zheng XF, Pan JH, Hou HG, Li JR
Orthop Surg 2021 Aug;13(6):1755-1764. Epub 2021 Aug 5 doi: 10.1111/os.13099. PMID: 34351052Free PMC Article
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Outcomes After Hip Arthroscopy in Femoroacetabular Impingement.
Minkara AA, Westermann RW, Rosneck J, Lynch TS
Am J Sports Med 2019 Feb;47(2):488-500. Epub 2018 Jan 26 doi: 10.1177/0363546517749475. PMID: 29373805
Nonoperative Management of Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Prospective Study.
Pennock AT, Bomar JD, Johnson KP, Randich K, Upasani VV
Am J Sports Med 2018 Dec;46(14):3415-3422. Epub 2018 Nov 6 doi: 10.1177/0363546518804805. PMID: 30398893
Physical Therapy Protocol After Hip Arthroscopy: Clinical Guidelines Supported by 2-Year Outcomes.
Domb BG, Sgroi TA, VanDevender JC
Sports Health 2016 Jul;8(4):347-54. Epub 2016 May 12 doi: 10.1177/1941738116647920. PMID: 27173983Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Conservative therapy versus arthroscopic surgery of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAI): a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Zhu Y, Su P, Xu T, Zhang L, Fu W
J Orthop Surg Res 2022 Jun 3;17(1):296. doi: 10.1186/s13018-022-03187-1. PMID: 35659016Free PMC Article
Best Practices: Hip Femoroacetabular Impingement.
Schmaranzer F, Kheterpal AB, Bredella MA
AJR Am J Roentgenol 2021 Mar;216(3):585-598. Epub 2021 Jan 21 doi: 10.2214/AJR.20.22783. PMID: 33474984Free PMC Article
Pelvic posture and kinematics in femoroacetabular impingement: a systematic review.
Pierannunzii L
J Orthop Traumatol 2017 Sep;18(3):187-196. Epub 2017 Feb 1 doi: 10.1007/s10195-016-0439-2. PMID: 28150180Free PMC Article
Diagnostic accuracy of clinical tests for the diagnosis of hip femoroacetabular impingement/labral tear: a systematic review with meta-analysis.
Reiman MP, Goode AP, Cook CE, Hölmich P, Thorborg K
Br J Sports Med 2015 Jun;49(12):811. Epub 2014 Dec 16 doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2014-094302. PMID: 25515771
Nonoperative treatment for femoroacetabular impingement: a systematic review of the literature.
Wall PD, Fernandez M, Griffin DR, Foster NE
PM R 2013 May;5(5):418-26. Epub 2013 Feb 16 doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2013.02.005. PMID: 23419746

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