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Femoroacetabular impingement

MedGen UID:
445274
•Concept ID:
C2936290
•
Pathologic Function
Synonyms: Femoracetabular Impingement; Femoracetabular Impingements; Femoro Acetabular Impingement; Femoro-Acetabular Impingement; Femoro-Acetabular Impingements; Femoroacetabular Impingement; Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome; Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndromes; Femoroacetabular Impingements; Impingement Syndrome, Femoroacetabular; Impingement Syndromes, Femoroacetabular; Impingement, Femoracetabular; Impingement, Femoro-Acetabular; Impingement, Femoroacetabular; Impingements, Femoracetabular; Impingements, Femoro-Acetabular; Impingements, Femoroacetabular; Syndrome, Femoroacetabular Impingement; Syndromes, Femoroacetabular Impingement
SNOMED CT: Femoral acetabular impingement (432473000); Femoroacetabular impingement (432473000); Femoro-acetabular impingement (432473000)
 
HPO: HP:0030883

Definition

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) results from one or more bony abnormalities that lead to abnormal contact between the acetabulum and the femoral head or neck. The femoral abnormality is proposed to cause compression and shear stresses in the region between the labrum and cartilage, anterosuperiorly. These stresses cause a separation between the labrum and cartilage as the labrum is pushed outwards and the cartilage is pushed centrally. This eventually leads to articular degeneration and eventually global hip osteoarthritis. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVFemoroacetabular impingement

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Hip Pain in Adults: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis.
Chamberlain R
Am Fam Physician 2021 Jan 15;103(2):81-89. PMID: 33448767
Diagnosis and treatment of labral tear.
Su T, Chen GX, Yang L
Chin Med J (Engl) 2019 Jan 20;132(2):211-219. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000020. PMID: 30614856Free PMC Article
Hip Osteoarthritis: Etiopathogenesis and Implications for Management.
Murphy NJ, Eyles JP, Hunter DJ
Adv Ther 2016 Nov;33(11):1921-1946. Epub 2016 Sep 26 doi: 10.1007/s12325-016-0409-3. PMID: 27671326Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Conservative therapy versus arthroscopic surgery of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAI): a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Zhu Y, Su P, Xu T, Zhang L, Fu W
J Orthop Surg Res 2022 Jun 3;17(1):296. doi: 10.1186/s13018-022-03187-1. PMID: 35659016Free PMC Article
Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome.
Trigg SD, Schroeder JD, Hulsopple C
Curr Sports Med Rep 2020 Sep;19(9):360-366. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000748. PMID: 32925375
Arthroscopic surgery versus physiotherapy for femoroacetabular impingement: a meta-analysis study.
Gatz M, Driessen A, Eschweiler J, Tingart M, Migliorini F
Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2020 Oct;30(7):1151-1162. Epub 2020 May 7 doi: 10.1007/s00590-020-02675-6. PMID: 32382825Free PMC Article
Hip Osteoarthritis: Etiopathogenesis and Implications for Management.
Murphy NJ, Eyles JP, Hunter DJ
Adv Ther 2016 Nov;33(11):1921-1946. Epub 2016 Sep 26 doi: 10.1007/s12325-016-0409-3. PMID: 27671326Free PMC Article
Femoroacetabular impingement: a cause for osteoarthritis of the hip.
Ganz R, Parvizi J, Beck M, Leunig M, Nötzli H, Siebenrock KA
Clin Orthop Relat Res 2003 Dec;(417):112-20. doi: 10.1097/01.blo.0000096804.78689.c2. PMID: 14646708

Diagnosis

Best Practices: Hip Femoroacetabular Impingement.
Schmaranzer F, Kheterpal AB, Bredella MA
AJR Am J Roentgenol 2021 Mar;216(3):585-598. Epub 2021 Jan 21 doi: 10.2214/AJR.20.22783. PMID: 33474984Free PMC Article
Hip Pain in Adults: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis.
Chamberlain R
Am Fam Physician 2021 Jan 15;103(2):81-89. PMID: 33448767
Therapeutic Exercise Approaches to Nonoperative and Postoperative Management of Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome.
Terrell SL, Olson GE, Lynch J
J Athl Train 2021 Jan 1;56(1):31-45. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-0488.19. PMID: 33112956Free PMC Article
Athletic Pubalgia (Sports Hernia): Presentation and Treatment.
Drager J, Rasio J, Newhouse A
Arthroscopy 2020 Dec;36(12):2952-2953. doi: 10.1016/j.arthro.2020.09.022. PMID: 33276883
Hip Osteoarthritis: Etiopathogenesis and Implications for Management.
Murphy NJ, Eyles JP, Hunter DJ
Adv Ther 2016 Nov;33(11):1921-1946. Epub 2016 Sep 26 doi: 10.1007/s12325-016-0409-3. PMID: 27671326Free PMC Article

Therapy

Arthroscopic surgery versus physiotherapy for femoroacetabular impingement: a meta-analysis study.
Gatz M, Driessen A, Eschweiler J, Tingart M, Migliorini F
Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2020 Oct;30(7):1151-1162. Epub 2020 May 7 doi: 10.1007/s00590-020-02675-6. PMID: 32382825Free PMC Article
Femoroacetabular impingement in young adults: assessment and management.
Matar HE, Rajpura A, Board TN
Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2019 Oct 2;80(10):584-588. doi: 10.12968/hmed.2019.80.10.584. PMID: 31589500
Arthroscopic hip surgery compared with physiotherapy and activity modification for the treatment of symptomatic femoroacetabular impingement: multicentre randomised controlled trial.
Palmer AJR, Ayyar Gupta V, Fernquest S, Rombach I, Dutton SJ, Mansour R, Wood S, Khanduja V, Pollard TCB, McCaskie AW, Barker KL, Andrade TJMD, Carr AJ, Beard DJ, Glyn-Jones S; FAIT Study Group
BMJ 2019 Feb 7;364:l185. doi: 10.1136/bmj.l185. PMID: 30733197Free PMC Article
Nonoperative Management of Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Prospective Study.
Pennock AT, Bomar JD, Johnson KP, Randich K, Upasani VV
Am J Sports Med 2018 Dec;46(14):3415-3422. Epub 2018 Nov 6 doi: 10.1177/0363546518804805. PMID: 30398893
Hip arthroscopy versus best conservative care for the treatment of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (UK FASHIoN): a multicentre randomised controlled trial.
Griffin DR, Dickenson EJ, Wall PDH, Achana F, Donovan JL, Griffin J, Hobson R, Hutchinson CE, Jepson M, Parsons NR, Petrou S, Realpe A, Smith J, Foster NE; FASHIoN Study Group
Lancet 2018 Jun 2;391(10136):2225-2235. Epub 2018 Jun 1 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31202-9. PMID: 29893223Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Labral tears in hip dysplasia and femoroacetabular impingement: A systematic review.
Savoye-Laurens T, Verdier N, Wettstein M, Baulot E, Gédouin JE, Martz P
Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2023 Jun;109(4):103539. Epub 2022 Dec 29 doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2022.103539. PMID: 36587762
Incidence of Femoroacetabular Impingement and Surgical Management Trends Over Time.
Hale RF, Melugin HP, Zhou J, LaPrade MD, Bernard C, Leland D, Levy BA, Krych AJ
Am J Sports Med 2021 Jan;49(1):35-41. Epub 2020 Nov 23 doi: 10.1177/0363546520970914. PMID: 33226833Free PMC Article
Arthroscopic Surgery or Physical Therapy for Patients With Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial With 2-Year Follow-up.
Mansell NS, Rhon DI, Meyer J, Slevin JM, Marchant BG
Am J Sports Med 2018 May;46(6):1306-1314. Epub 2018 Feb 14 doi: 10.1177/0363546517751912. PMID: 29443538
Postoperative imaging in arthroscopic hip surgery.
Di Pietto F, Chianca V, de Ritis R, Cesarano E, Reginelli A, Barile A, Zappia M, Ginolfi L
Musculoskelet Surg 2017 Mar;101(Suppl 1):43-49. Epub 2017 Feb 16 doi: 10.1007/s12306-017-0459-y. PMID: 28210944
New perspectives on femoroacetabular impingement syndrome.
Khan M, Bedi A, Fu F, Karlsson J, Ayeni OR, Bhandari M
Nat Rev Rheumatol 2016 May;12(5):303-10. Epub 2016 Mar 10 doi: 10.1038/nrrheum.2016.17. PMID: 26963727

Clinical prediction guides

Conservative therapy versus arthroscopic surgery of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAI): a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Zhu Y, Su P, Xu T, Zhang L, Fu W
J Orthop Surg Res 2022 Jun 3;17(1):296. doi: 10.1186/s13018-022-03187-1. PMID: 35659016Free PMC Article
Nonoperative Management of Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Prospective Study.
Pennock AT, Bomar JD, Johnson KP, Randich K, Upasani VV
Am J Sports Med 2018 Dec;46(14):3415-3422. Epub 2018 Nov 6 doi: 10.1177/0363546518804805. PMID: 30398893
Postoperative imaging in arthroscopic hip surgery.
Di Pietto F, Chianca V, de Ritis R, Cesarano E, Reginelli A, Barile A, Zappia M, Ginolfi L
Musculoskelet Surg 2017 Mar;101(Suppl 1):43-49. Epub 2017 Feb 16 doi: 10.1007/s12306-017-0459-y. PMID: 28210944
Femoroacetabular impingement: current concepts and controversies.
Sankar WN, Matheney TH, Zaltz I
Orthop Clin North Am 2013 Oct;44(4):575-89. doi: 10.1016/j.ocl.2013.07.003. PMID: 24095073
Femoroacetabular impingement--diagnosis and treatment.
Kaplan KM, Shah MR, Youm T
Bull NYU Hosp Jt Dis 2010;68(2):70-5. PMID: 20632980

Recent systematic reviews

Conservative therapy versus arthroscopic surgery of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAI): a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Zhu Y, Su P, Xu T, Zhang L, Fu W
J Orthop Surg Res 2022 Jun 3;17(1):296. doi: 10.1186/s13018-022-03187-1. PMID: 35659016Free PMC Article
Best Practices: Hip Femoroacetabular Impingement.
Schmaranzer F, Kheterpal AB, Bredella MA
AJR Am J Roentgenol 2021 Mar;216(3):585-598. Epub 2021 Jan 21 doi: 10.2214/AJR.20.22783. PMID: 33474984Free PMC Article
Physiotherapy as an Initial Treatment Option for Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Meta-analysis of 5 Randomized Controlled Trials.
Hoit G, Whelan DB, Dwyer T, Ajrawat P, Chahal J
Am J Sports Med 2020 Jul;48(8):2042-2050. Epub 2019 Nov 27 doi: 10.1177/0363546519882668. PMID: 31774704
Pelvic posture and kinematics in femoroacetabular impingement: a systematic review.
Pierannunzii L
J Orthop Traumatol 2017 Sep;18(3):187-196. Epub 2017 Feb 1 doi: 10.1007/s10195-016-0439-2. PMID: 28150180Free PMC Article
Diagnostic accuracy of clinical tests for the diagnosis of hip femoroacetabular impingement/labral tear: a systematic review with meta-analysis.
Reiman MP, Goode AP, Cook CE, Hölmich P, Thorborg K
Br J Sports Med 2015 Jun;49(12):811. Epub 2014 Dec 16 doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2014-094302. PMID: 25515771

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