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Psychogenic polydipsia

MedGen UID:: 452478
•Concept ID:: C0395005
•: Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction

Synonyms:	Polydipsia, Primary; Polydipsia, Psychogenic; Polydipsias, Primary; Polydipsias, Psychogenic; Primary Polydipsia; Primary Polydipsias; Psychogenic Polydipsia; Psychogenic Polydipsias
SNOMED CT:	Primary polydipsia (82800008); Psychogenic polydipsia (15945005)

Monarch Initiative:	MONDO:0040871

Definition

A form of primary polydipsia caused by underlying psychiatric symptoms, including those caused by psychoses and rarely by affective disorders. [from MONDO]

Term Hierarchy

GTR
MeSH

CClinical test, RResearch test, OOMIM, GGeneReviews, VClinVar

CROGVPsychogenic polydipsia

Altered behavior
- Psychogenic polydipsia

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Treatment of refractory psychogenic polydipsia with lithium.

Unger M, Xiong G
Ann Clin Psychiatry 2017 May;29(2):146-147. PMID: 28463347

Psychogenic polydipsia review: etiology, differential, and treatment.

Dundas B, Harris M, Narasimhan M
Curr Psychiatry Rep 2007 Jun;9(3):236-41. doi: 10.1007/s11920-007-0025-7. PMID: 17521521

The use of hypertonic saline infusions in the differential diagnosis of diabetes insipidus and psychogenic polydipsia.

CARTER AC, ROBBINS J
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1947 Nov;7(11):753-66. doi: 10.1210/jcem-7-11-753. PMID: 20272266

See all (4)

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Primary polydipsia: Update.

Ahmadi L, Goldman MB
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020 Sep;34(5):101469. Epub 2020 Oct 14 doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2020.101469. PMID: 33222764 Free PMC Article

Primary polydipsia in the medical and psychiatric patient: characteristics, complications and therapy.

Sailer C, Winzeler B, Christ-Crain M
Swiss Med Wkly 2017;147:w14514. Epub 2017 Nov 1 doi: 10.4414/smw.2017.14514. PMID: 29120013

Characteristics and outcomes of patients with profound hyponatraemia due to primary polydipsia.

Sailer CO, Winzeler B, Nigro N, Suter-Widmer I, Arici B, Bally M, Schuetz P, Mueller B, Christ-Crain M
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2017 Nov;87(5):492-499. Epub 2017 Jul 7 doi: 10.1111/cen.13384. PMID: 28556237

Diuretic-associated hyponatremia.

Hix JK, Silver S, Sterns RH
Semin Nephrol 2011 Nov;31(6):553-66. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2011.09.010. PMID: 22099512

Psychogenic polydipsia review: etiology, differential, and treatment.

Dundas B, Harris M, Narasimhan M
Curr Psychiatry Rep 2007 Jun;9(3):236-41. doi: 10.1007/s11920-007-0025-7. PMID: 17521521

See all (32)

Diagnosis

Arginine or Hypertonic Saline-Stimulated Copeptin to Diagnose AVP Deficiency.

Refardt J, Atila C, Chifu I, Ferrante E, Erlic Z, Drummond JB, Indirli R, Drexhage RC, Sailer CO, Widmer A, Felder S, Powlson AS, Hutter N, Vogt DR, Gurnell M, Soares BS, Hofland J, Beuschlein F, Fassnacht M, Winzeler B, Christ-Crain M
N Engl J Med 2023 Nov 16;389(20):1877-1887. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2306263. PMID: 37966286

Glucagon-stimulated copeptin measurements in the differential diagnosis of diabetes insipidus: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

Atila C, Gaisl O, Vogt DR, Werlen L, Szinnai G, Christ-Crain M
Eur J Endocrinol 2022 May 12;187(1):65-74. doi: 10.1530/EJE-22-0033. PMID: 35521789

Primary polydipsia: Update.

Ahmadi L, Goldman MB
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020 Sep;34(5):101469. Epub 2020 Oct 14 doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2020.101469. PMID: 33222764 Free PMC Article

Diabetes Insipidus: New Concepts for Diagnosis.

Christ-Crain M
Neuroendocrinology 2020;110(9-10):859-867. Epub 2020 Jan 2 doi: 10.1159/000505548. PMID: 31986514

Copeptin and its role in the diagnosis of diabetes insipidus and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis.

Refardt J, Winzeler B, Christ-Crain M
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2019 Jul;91(1):22-32. Epub 2019 May 8 doi: 10.1111/cen.13991. PMID: 31004513 Free PMC Article

See all (70)

Therapy

Clozapine Prescripers-Dogmatic or Pragmatic?

Naguy A, Alhazeem H
Psychopharmacol Bull 2024 Apr 4;54(2):46-50. PMID: 38601835 Free PMC Article

Arginine or Hypertonic Saline-Stimulated Copeptin to Diagnose AVP Deficiency.

Glucagon-stimulated copeptin measurements in the differential diagnosis of diabetes insipidus: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

Atila C, Gaisl O, Vogt DR, Werlen L, Szinnai G, Christ-Crain M
Eur J Endocrinol 2022 May 12;187(1):65-74. doi: 10.1530/EJE-22-0033. PMID: 35521789

Acute Dysnatremias - a dangerous and overlooked clinical problem.

Joergensen D, Tazmini K, Jacobsen D
Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 2019 May 28;27(1):58. doi: 10.1186/s13049-019-0633-3. PMID: 31138251 Free PMC Article

Diuretic-associated hyponatremia.

Hix JK, Silver S, Sterns RH
Semin Nephrol 2011 Nov;31(6):553-66. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2011.09.010. PMID: 22099512

See all (49)

Prognosis

Diagnostic value of the water deprivation test in the polyuria-polydipsia syndrome.

Trimpou P, Olsson DS, Ehn O, Ragnarsson O
Hormones (Athens) 2017 Oct;16(4):414-422. doi: 10.14310/horm.2002.1762. PMID: 29518762

Identification of primary polydipsia in a severe and persistent mental illness outpatient population: a prospective observational study.

Iftene F, Bowie C, Milev R, Hawken E, Talikowska-Szymczak E, Potopsingh D, Hanna S, Mulroy J, Groll D, Millson R
Psychiatry Res 2013 Dec 30;210(3):679-83. Epub 2013 Jun 27 doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.04.011. PMID: 23810384

Acute anterior compartment syndrome associated with psychogenic polydipsia.

Maiocchi L, Bernardi E
Australas Psychiatry 2012 Apr;20(2):159-61. Epub 2012 Mar 26 doi: 10.1177/1039856211432465. PMID: 22452903

Growth retardation in untreated autosomal dominant familial neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus caused by one recurring and two novel mutations in the vasopressin-neurophysin II gene.

Brachet C, Birk J, Christophe C, Tenoutasse S, Velkeniers B, Heinrichs C, Rutishauser J
Eur J Endocrinol 2011 Feb;164(2):179-87. Epub 2010 Nov 18 doi: 10.1530/EJE-10-0823. PMID: 21088058

Behavioral treatment of chronic psychogenic polydipsia with hyponatremia: a unique case of polydipsia in a primary care patient with intractable hiccups.

Thoma JL, Howe J, Gaudet A, Brantley PJ
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2001 Dec;32(4):241-50. doi: 10.1016/s0005-7916(02)00007-1. PMID: 12102585

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Clinical prediction guides

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in patients with primary polydipsia compared to healthy controls.

Sailer CO, Kuehne JM, da Conceição I, Refardt J, Christ-Crain M, Winzeler B
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2023 Dec;99(6):535-544. Epub 2022 Nov 30 doi: 10.1111/cen.14835. PMID: 36263471

Machine learning-based algorithm as an innovative approach for the differentiation between diabetes insipidus and primary polydipsia in clinical practice.

Nahum U, Refardt J, Chifu I, Fenske WK, Fassnacht M, Szinnai G, Christ-Crain M, Pfister M
Eur J Endocrinol 2022 Dec 1;187(6):777-786. Epub 2022 Oct 26 doi: 10.1530/EJE-22-0368. PMID: 36201166

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of hyponatraemia associated with oral water intake in adults: a systematic review.

Rangan GK, Dorani N, Zhang MM, Abu-Zarour L, Lau HC, Munt A, Chandra AN, Saravanabavan S, Rangan A, Zhang JQJ, Howell M, Wong AT
BMJ Open 2021 Dec 9;11(12):e046539. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046539. PMID: 34887267 Free PMC Article

Diagnostic value of the water deprivation test in the polyuria-polydipsia syndrome.

Trimpou P, Olsson DS, Ehn O, Ragnarsson O
Hormones (Athens) 2017 Oct;16(4):414-422. doi: 10.14310/horm.2002.1762. PMID: 29518762

Characteristics and outcomes of patients with profound hyponatraemia due to primary polydipsia.

See all (14)