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Postthrombotic syndrome

MedGen UID:
46043
•Concept ID:
C0032807
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Disease, Postphlebitic; Diseases, Postphlebitic; Postphlebitic Disease; Postphlebitic Diseases; Postphlebitic Syndrome; Postphlebitic Syndromes; Syndrome, Postphlebitic; Syndromes, Postphlebitic
SNOMED CT: Post-phlebitic syndrome (410013001); Postthrombotic syndrome (20427003); Postphlebitic syndrome (20427003)

Definition

A condition characterized by a chronically swollen limb, often a leg with stasis dermatitis and ulcerations. This syndrome can appear soon after phlebitis or years later. Postphlebitic syndrome is the result of damaged or incompetent venous valves in the limbs. Distended, tortuous VARICOSE VEINS are usually present. Leg pain may occur after long period of standing. [from MeSH]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVPostthrombotic syndrome

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Antithrombotic Therapy for VTE Disease: Second Update of the CHEST Guideline and Expert Panel Report.
Stevens SM, Woller SC, Kreuziger LB, Bounameaux H, Doerschug K, Geersing GJ, Huisman MV, Kearon C, King CS, Knighton AJ, Lake E, Murin S, Vintch JRE, Wells PS, Moores LK
Chest 2021 Dec;160(6):e545-e608. Epub 2021 Aug 2 doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.07.055. PMID: 34352278
Edema: diagnosis and management.
Trayes KP, Studdiford JS, Pickle S, Tully AS
Am Fam Physician 2013 Jul 15;88(2):102-10. PMID: 23939641
Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines.
Kearon C, Akl EA, Comerota AJ, Prandoni P, Bounameaux H, Goldhaber SZ, Nelson ME, Wells PS, Gould MK, Dentali F, Crowther M, Kahn SR
Chest 2012 Feb;141(2 Suppl):e419S-e496S. doi: 10.1378/chest.11-2301. PMID: 22315268Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Deep Venous Thrombosis.
Duffett L
Ann Intern Med 2022 Sep;175(9):ITC129-ITC144. Epub 2022 Sep 13 doi: 10.7326/AITC202209200. PMID: 36095313
Catheter-directed thrombolysis for deep vein thrombosis: 2021 update.
Goldhaber SZ, Magnuson EA, Chinnakondepalli KM, Cohen DJ, Vedantham S
Vasc Med 2021 Dec;26(6):662-669. Epub 2021 Oct 4 doi: 10.1177/1358863X211042930. PMID: 34606385Free PMC Article
A review of upper extremity deep vein thrombosis.
Khan O, Marmaro A, Cohen DA
Postgrad Med 2021 Aug;133(sup1):3-10. Epub 2021 Mar 8 doi: 10.1080/00325481.2021.1892390. PMID: 33618595
Long-term treatment of venous thromboembolism.
Kearon C, Kahn SR
Blood 2020 Jan 30;135(5):317-325. doi: 10.1182/blood.2019002364. PMID: 31917402
Update on the management of venous thromboembolism.
Bartholomew JR
Cleve Clin J Med 2017 Dec;84(12 Suppl 3):39-46. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.84.s3.04. PMID: 29257737

Diagnosis

Post-thrombotic syndrome.
Visonà A, Quere I, Mazzolai L, Amitrano M, Lugli M, Madaric J, Prandoni P; European Society of Vascular Medicine (ESVM)
Vasa 2021 Sep;50(5):331-340. Epub 2021 Mar 15 doi: 10.1024/0301-1526/a000946. PMID: 33720757
Long-term treatment of venous thromboembolism.
Kearon C, Kahn SR
Blood 2020 Jan 30;135(5):317-325. doi: 10.1182/blood.2019002364. PMID: 31917402
Update on the management of venous thromboembolism.
Bartholomew JR
Cleve Clin J Med 2017 Dec;84(12 Suppl 3):39-46. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.84.s3.04. PMID: 29257737
Venous thrombosis.
Wolberg AS, Rosendaal FR, Weitz JI, Jaffer IH, Agnelli G, Baglin T, Mackman N
Nat Rev Dis Primers 2015 May 7;1:15006. doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2015.6. PMID: 27189130
Edema: diagnosis and management.
Trayes KP, Studdiford JS, Pickle S, Tully AS
Am Fam Physician 2013 Jul 15;88(2):102-10. PMID: 23939641

Therapy

Deep Venous Thrombosis.
Duffett L
Ann Intern Med 2022 Sep;175(9):ITC129-ITC144. Epub 2022 Sep 13 doi: 10.7326/AITC202209200. PMID: 36095313
Catheter-directed thrombolysis for deep vein thrombosis: 2021 update.
Goldhaber SZ, Magnuson EA, Chinnakondepalli KM, Cohen DJ, Vedantham S
Vasc Med 2021 Dec;26(6):662-669. Epub 2021 Oct 4 doi: 10.1177/1358863X211042930. PMID: 34606385Free PMC Article
Long-term treatment of venous thromboembolism.
Kearon C, Kahn SR
Blood 2020 Jan 30;135(5):317-325. doi: 10.1182/blood.2019002364. PMID: 31917402
Update on the management of venous thromboembolism.
Bartholomew JR
Cleve Clin J Med 2017 Dec;84(12 Suppl 3):39-46. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.84.s3.04. PMID: 29257737
Pharmacomechanical Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis for Deep-Vein Thrombosis.
Vedantham S, Goldhaber SZ, Julian JA, Kahn SR, Jaff MR, Cohen DJ, Magnuson E, Razavi MK, Comerota AJ, Gornik HL, Murphy TP, Lewis L, Duncan JR, Nieters P, Derfler MC, Filion M, Gu CS, Kee S, Schneider J, Saad N, Blinder M, Moll S, Sacks D, Lin J, Rundback J, Garcia M, Razdan R, VanderWoude E, Marques V, Kearon C; ATTRACT Trial Investigators
N Engl J Med 2017 Dec 7;377(23):2240-2252. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1615066. PMID: 29211671Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Clinical Presentation and Short- and Long-term Outcomes in Patients With Isolated Distal Deep Vein Thrombosis vs Proximal Deep Vein Thrombosis in the RIETE Registry.
Bikdeli B, Caraballo C, Trujillo-Santos J, Galanaud JP, di Micco P, Rosa V, Cusidó GV, Schellong S, Mellado M, Del Valle Morales M, Gavín-Sebastián O, Mazzolai L, Krumholz HM, Monreal M; RIETE Investigators
JAMA Cardiol 2022 Aug 1;7(8):857-865. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2022.1988. PMID: 35830171Free PMC Article
Diagnosis and Treatment of Lower Extremity Venous Thromboembolism: A Review.
Chopard R, Albertsen IE, Piazza G
JAMA 2020 Nov 3;324(17):1765-1776. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.17272. PMID: 33141212
Diagnosis and Treatment of Postthrombotic Syndrome.
Bruning G, Woitalla-Bruning J, Queisser AC, Buhr JK
Hamostaseologie 2020 Jun;40(2):214-220. Epub 2020 May 26 doi: 10.1055/a-1145-0108. PMID: 32455461
The 2020 update of the CEAP classification system and reporting standards.
Lurie F, Passman M, Meisner M, Dalsing M, Masuda E, Welch H, Bush RL, Blebea J, Carpentier PH, De Maeseneer M, Gasparis A, Labropoulos N, Marston WA, Rafetto J, Santiago F, Shortell C, Uhl JF, Urbanek T, van Rij A, Eklof B, Gloviczki P, Kistner R, Lawrence P, Moneta G, Padberg F, Perrin M, Wakefield T
J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2020 May;8(3):342-352. Epub 2020 Feb 27 doi: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2019.12.075. PMID: 32113854
Pharmacomechanical Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis for Deep-Vein Thrombosis.
Vedantham S, Goldhaber SZ, Julian JA, Kahn SR, Jaff MR, Cohen DJ, Magnuson E, Razavi MK, Comerota AJ, Gornik HL, Murphy TP, Lewis L, Duncan JR, Nieters P, Derfler MC, Filion M, Gu CS, Kee S, Schneider J, Saad N, Blinder M, Moll S, Sacks D, Lin J, Rundback J, Garcia M, Razdan R, VanderWoude E, Marques V, Kearon C; ATTRACT Trial Investigators
N Engl J Med 2017 Dec 7;377(23):2240-2252. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1615066. PMID: 29211671Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Post-thrombotic syndrome.
Visonà A, Quere I, Mazzolai L, Amitrano M, Lugli M, Madaric J, Prandoni P; European Society of Vascular Medicine (ESVM)
Vasa 2021 Sep;50(5):331-340. Epub 2021 Mar 15 doi: 10.1024/0301-1526/a000946. PMID: 33720757
A review of upper extremity deep vein thrombosis.
Khan O, Marmaro A, Cohen DA
Postgrad Med 2021 Aug;133(sup1):3-10. Epub 2021 Mar 8 doi: 10.1080/00325481.2021.1892390. PMID: 33618595
Diagnosis and Treatment of Lower Extremity Venous Thromboembolism: A Review.
Chopard R, Albertsen IE, Piazza G
JAMA 2020 Nov 3;324(17):1765-1776. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.17272. PMID: 33141212
The 2020 update of the CEAP classification system and reporting standards.
Lurie F, Passman M, Meisner M, Dalsing M, Masuda E, Welch H, Bush RL, Blebea J, Carpentier PH, De Maeseneer M, Gasparis A, Labropoulos N, Marston WA, Rafetto J, Santiago F, Shortell C, Uhl JF, Urbanek T, van Rij A, Eklof B, Gloviczki P, Kistner R, Lawrence P, Moneta G, Padberg F, Perrin M, Wakefield T
J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2020 May;8(3):342-352. Epub 2020 Feb 27 doi: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2019.12.075. PMID: 32113854
Pharmacomechanical Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis for Deep-Vein Thrombosis.
Vedantham S, Goldhaber SZ, Julian JA, Kahn SR, Jaff MR, Cohen DJ, Magnuson E, Razavi MK, Comerota AJ, Gornik HL, Murphy TP, Lewis L, Duncan JR, Nieters P, Derfler MC, Filion M, Gu CS, Kee S, Schneider J, Saad N, Blinder M, Moll S, Sacks D, Lin J, Rundback J, Garcia M, Razdan R, VanderWoude E, Marques V, Kearon C; ATTRACT Trial Investigators
N Engl J Med 2017 Dec 7;377(23):2240-2252. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1615066. PMID: 29211671Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Thrombolytic strategies versus standard anticoagulation for acute deep vein thrombosis of the lower limb.
Broderick C, Watson L, Armon MP
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021 Jan 19;1(1):CD002783. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002783.pub5. PMID: 33464575Free PMC Article
Diagnosis and Treatment of Lower Extremity Venous Thromboembolism: A Review.
Chopard R, Albertsen IE, Piazza G
JAMA 2020 Nov 3;324(17):1765-1776. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.17272. PMID: 33141212
Diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of test accuracy.
Bhatt M, Braun C, Patel P, Patel P, Begum H, Wiercioch W, Varghese J, Wooldridge D, Alturkmani HJ, Thomas M, Baig M, Bahaj W, Khatib R, Kehar R, Ponnapureddy R, Sethi A, Mustafa A, Nieuwlaat R, Lim W, Bates SM, Lang E, Le Gal G, Righini M, Husainat NM, Kalot MA, Al Jabiri YN, Schünemann HJ, Mustafa RA
Blood Adv 2020 Apr 14;4(7):1250-1264. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000960. PMID: 32227213Free PMC Article
Indications for medical compression stockings in venous and lymphatic disorders: An evidence-based consensus statement.
Rabe E, Partsch H, Hafner J, Lattimer C, Mosti G, Neumann M, Urbanek T, Huebner M, Gaillard S, Carpentier P
Phlebology 2018 Apr;33(3):163-184. Epub 2017 Feb 22 doi: 10.1177/0268355516689631. PMID: 28549402Free PMC Article
Physical activity in patients with deep venous thrombosis: a systematic review.
Kahn SR, Shrier I, Kearon C
Thromb Res 2008;122(6):763-73. Epub 2007 Dec 21 doi: 10.1016/j.thromres.2007.10.011. PMID: 18078981

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