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Palmoplantar keratoderma-XX sex reversal-predisposition to squamous cell carcinoma syndrome

MedGen UID:
461281
Concept ID:
C3149931
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Palmoplantar hyperkeratosis with squamous cell carcinoma of skin and 46,XX sex reversal; PALMOPLANTAR HYPERKERATOSIS WITH SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF SKIN AND SEX REVERSAL
Modes of inheritance:
Autosomal recessive inheritance
MedGen UID:
141025
Concept ID:
C0441748
Intellectual Product
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele).
 
Gene (location): RSPO1 (1p34.3)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0012530
OMIM®: 610644
Orphanet: ORPHA85112

Definition

Palmoplantar keratoderma-XX sex reversal-predisposition to squamous cell carcinoma syndrome is characterised by sex reversal in males with a 46, XX (SRY-negative) karyotype, palmoplantar hyperkeratosis and a predisposition to squamous cell carcinoma. To date, five cases (four of whom were brothers) have been described. The aetiology is unknown. [from ORDO]

Clinical features

From HPO
Carcinoma
MedGen UID:
2867
Concept ID:
C0007097
Neoplastic Process
A malignant tumor arising from epithelial cells. Carcinomas that arise from glandular epithelium are called adenocarcinomas, those that arise from squamous epithelium are called squamous cell carcinomas, and those that arise from transitional epithelium are called transitional cell carcinomas (NCI Thesaurus).
Laryngeal carcinoma
MedGen UID:
108889
Concept ID:
C0595989
Neoplastic Process
A carcinoma of the larynx.
Clitoral hypertrophy
MedGen UID:
57848
Concept ID:
C0156394
Finding
Hypertrophy of the clitoris.
Decreased testicular size
MedGen UID:
66027
Concept ID:
C0241355
Finding
Reduced volume of the testicle (the male gonad).
Ambiguous genitalia
MedGen UID:
78596
Concept ID:
C0266362
Congenital Abnormality
A genital phenotype that is not clearly assignable to a single gender. Ambiguous genitalia can be evaluated using the Prader scale
Hypospadias
MedGen UID:
163083
Concept ID:
C0848558
Congenital Abnormality
Abnormal position of urethral meatus on the ventral penile shaft (underside) characterized by displacement of the urethral meatus from the tip of the glans penis to the ventral surface of the penis, scrotum, or perineum.
External genital hypoplasia
MedGen UID:
344478
Concept ID:
C1855333
Finding
Underdevelopment of part or all of the external reproductive organs.
Ovotestis
MedGen UID:
1634511
Concept ID:
C4551490
Congenital Abnormality
A gonad that contains both ovarian follicles and testicular tubular elements.
Palmoplantar keratoderma
MedGen UID:
1635750
Concept ID:
C4551675
Disease or Syndrome
Abnormal thickening of the skin of the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet.
Hypercholesterolemia
MedGen UID:
5687
Concept ID:
C0020443
Disease or Syndrome
An increased concentration of cholesterol in the blood.
Hypertriglyceridemia
MedGen UID:
167238
Concept ID:
C0813230
Finding
An abnormal increase in the level of triglycerides in the blood.
Premature loss of permanent teeth
MedGen UID:
409904
Concept ID:
C1969738
Finding
Premature loss of the permanent teeth.
Sclerodactyly
MedGen UID:
472893
Concept ID:
C0150988
Disease or Syndrome
Localized thickening and tightness of the skin of the fingers or toes.
Nail dystrophy
MedGen UID:
66368
Concept ID:
C0221260
Disease or Syndrome
Onychodystrophy (nail dystrophy) refers to nail changes apart from changes of the color (nail dyschromia) and involves partial or complete disruption of the various keratinous layers of the nail plate.
Small nail
MedGen UID:
537942
Concept ID:
C0263523
Finding
A nail that is diminished in length and width, i.e., underdeveloped nail.
Palmoplantar hyperhidrosis
MedGen UID:
224808
Concept ID:
C1274743
Disease or Syndrome
Hyperhidrosis palmaris et plantaris (HYPRPP) is characterized by excessive perspiration of the eccrine sweat gland in the palm, sole, and axilla. Perspiration in those affected may be aggravated by emotional stimuli (summary by Higashimoto et al., 2006). Stolman (1998) noted that hyperhidrosis may be complicated by skin maceration as well as secondary microbial infections, and that treatment modalities are associated with complications.
Orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis
MedGen UID:
811321
Concept ID:
C3670629
Disease or Syndrome
A form of hyperkeratosis characterized by thickening of the cornified layer without retained nuclei.
Gynecomastia
MedGen UID:
6694
Concept ID:
C0018418
Disease or Syndrome
Abnormal development of large mammary glands in males resulting in breast enlargement.

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVPalmoplantar keratoderma-XX sex reversal-predisposition to squamous cell carcinoma syndrome
Follow this link to review classifications for Palmoplantar keratoderma-XX sex reversal-predisposition to squamous cell carcinoma syndrome in Orphanet.

Recent clinical studies

Diagnosis

Tallapaka K, Venugopal V, Dalal A, Aggarwal S
Am J Med Genet A 2018 Apr;176(4):1006-1010. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38646. PMID: 29575617
Micali G, Nasca MR, Innocenzi D, Frasin LA, Radi O, Parma P, Camerino G, Schwartz RA
J Am Acad Dermatol 2005 Nov;53(5 Suppl 1):S234-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2005.02.033. PMID: 16227098

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