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Bleeding from female genital tract during pregnancy

MedGen UID:
463643
•Concept ID:
C3163625
•
Pathologic Function
Synonyms: Bleeding from female genital tract co-occurrent with pregnancy; Vaginal Bleeding during Pregnancy; Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy
SNOMED CT: Bleeding from female genital tract co-occurrent with pregnancy (16320551000119109); Bleeding from female genital tract during pregnancy (16320551000119109); Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy (16320551000119109)

Definition

Hemorrhage from the vagina that may range from light spotting to heavy flow during pregnancy. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVBleeding from female genital tract during pregnancy

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Guideline No. 402: Diagnosis and Management of Placenta Previa.
Jain V, Bos H, Bujold E
J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2020 Jul;42(7):906-917.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jogc.2019.07.019. PMID: 32591150
First Trimester Bleeding: Evaluation and Management.
Hendriks E, MacNaughton H, MacKenzie MC
Am Fam Physician 2019 Feb 1;99(3):166-174. PMID: 30702252
Uterine arteriovenous malformation - diagnosis and management.
Szpera-Goździewicz A, Gruca-Stryjak K, Bręborowicz GH, Ropacka-Lesiak M
Ginekol Pol 2018;89(5):276-279. doi: 10.5603/GP.a2018.0047. PMID: 30084480

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Postpartum Hemorrhage.
Bienstock JL, Eke AC, Hueppchen NA
N Engl J Med 2021 Apr 29;384(17):1635-1645. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1513247. PMID: 33913640Free PMC Article
Prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage: focus on hematological aspects of management.
McLintock C
Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2020 Dec 4;2020(1):542-546. doi: 10.1182/hematology.2020000139. PMID: 33275708Free PMC Article
Gynaecology problems in puberty.
Grover SR
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019 Jun;33(3):101286. Epub 2019 Jun 14 doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2019.06.002. PMID: 31278062
First Trimester Bleeding: Evaluation and Management.
Hendriks E, MacNaughton H, MacKenzie MC
Am Fam Physician 2019 Feb 1;99(3):166-174. PMID: 30702252
Postpartum hemorrhage: epidemiology, risk factors, and causes.
Oyelese Y, Ananth CV
Clin Obstet Gynecol 2010 Mar;53(1):147-56. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0b013e3181cc406d. PMID: 20142652

Diagnosis

Guideline No. 437: Diagnosis and Management of Adenomyosis.
Dason ES, Maxim M, Sanders A, Papillon-Smith J, Ng D, Chan C, Sobel M
J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2023 Jun;45(6):417-429.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jogc.2023.04.008. PMID: 37244746
Uterine bleeding: how understanding endometrial physiology underpins menstrual health.
Jain V, Chodankar RR, Maybin JA, Critchley HOD
Nat Rev Endocrinol 2022 May;18(5):290-308. Epub 2022 Feb 8 doi: 10.1038/s41574-021-00629-4. PMID: 35136207Free PMC Article
Prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage: focus on hematological aspects of management.
McLintock C
Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2020 Dec 4;2020(1):542-546. doi: 10.1182/hematology.2020000139. PMID: 33275708Free PMC Article
First Trimester Bleeding: Evaluation and Management.
Hendriks E, MacNaughton H, MacKenzie MC
Am Fam Physician 2019 Feb 1;99(3):166-174. PMID: 30702252
Obstetric (nonfetal) complications.
Shanbhogue AK, Menias CO, Lalwani N, Lall C, Khandelwal A, Nagar A
Radiol Clin North Am 2013 Nov;51(6):983-1004. doi: 10.1016/j.rcl.2013.07.012. PMID: 24210440

Therapy

Guideline No. 437: Diagnosis and Management of Adenomyosis.
Dason ES, Maxim M, Sanders A, Papillon-Smith J, Ng D, Chan C, Sobel M
J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2023 Jun;45(6):417-429.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jogc.2023.04.008. PMID: 37244746
Postpartum Hemorrhage.
Bienstock JL, Eke AC, Hueppchen NA
N Engl J Med 2021 Apr 29;384(17):1635-1645. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1513247. PMID: 33913640Free PMC Article
Progestogens in luteal support.
Carp HJA
Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2020 May 22;42(2):143-148. doi: 10.1515/hmbci-2019-0067. PMID: 32432564
Genital injuries acute evaluation and management.
Lopez HN, Focseneanu MA, Merritt DF
Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2018 Apr;48:28-39. Epub 2017 Sep 28 doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2017.09.009. PMID: 29117923
Cesarean Scar Pregnancy: A Systematic Review.
Gonzalez N, Tulandi T
J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2017 Jul-Aug;24(5):731-738. Epub 2017 Mar 6 doi: 10.1016/j.jmig.2017.02.020. PMID: 28268103

Prognosis

Enhanced myometrial vascularity.
Richtárová Adéla, Hlinecká Kristýna, Lisá Zdeňka, Boudová Barbora, Kocián Roman, Kaván Jan, Mára Michal
Ceska Gynekol 2022;87(4):249-254. doi: 10.48095/cccg2022249. PMID: 36055784
Epidemiology, prevention and management of early postpartum hemorrhage - a systematic review.
Feduniw S, Warzecha D, Szymusik I, Wielgos M
Ginekol Pol 2020;91(1):38-44. doi: 10.5603/GP.2020.0009. PMID: 32039467
Postpartum hemorrhage: epidemiology, risk factors, and causes.
Oyelese Y, Ananth CV
Clin Obstet Gynecol 2010 Mar;53(1):147-56. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0b013e3181cc406d. PMID: 20142652
Ultrasound in gynecology.
Derchi LE, Serafini G, Gandolfo N, Gandolfo NG, Martinoli C
Eur Radiol 2001;11(11):2137-55. doi: 10.1007/s003300101080. PMID: 11702153
Therapeutic hysteroscopy.
Siegler AM
Acta Eur Fertil 1986 Nov-Dec;17(6):467-71. PMID: 3630558

Clinical prediction guides

Guideline No. 437: Diagnosis and Management of Adenomyosis.
Dason ES, Maxim M, Sanders A, Papillon-Smith J, Ng D, Chan C, Sobel M
J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2023 Jun;45(6):417-429.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jogc.2023.04.008. PMID: 37244746
Enhanced myometrial vascularity.
Richtárová Adéla, Hlinecká Kristýna, Lisá Zdeňka, Boudová Barbora, Kocián Roman, Kaván Jan, Mára Michal
Ceska Gynekol 2022;87(4):249-254. doi: 10.48095/cccg2022249. PMID: 36055784
Medical treatment of uterine arteriovenous malformation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Rosen A, Chan WV, Matelski J, Walsh C, Murji A
Fertil Steril 2021 Oct;116(4):1107-1116. Epub 2021 Jun 12 doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.05.095. PMID: 34130801
Epidemiology, prevention and management of early postpartum hemorrhage - a systematic review.
Feduniw S, Warzecha D, Szymusik I, Wielgos M
Ginekol Pol 2020;91(1):38-44. doi: 10.5603/GP.2020.0009. PMID: 32039467
Microhysteroscopy.
Hamou JE
Clin Obstet Gynecol 1983 Jun;26(2):285-301. doi: 10.1097/00003081-198306000-00009. PMID: 6406117

Recent systematic reviews

Medical treatment of uterine arteriovenous malformation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Rosen A, Chan WV, Matelski J, Walsh C, Murji A
Fertil Steril 2021 Oct;116(4):1107-1116. Epub 2021 Jun 12 doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.05.095. PMID: 34130801
Epidemiology, prevention and management of early postpartum hemorrhage - a systematic review.
Feduniw S, Warzecha D, Szymusik I, Wielgos M
Ginekol Pol 2020;91(1):38-44. doi: 10.5603/GP.2020.0009. PMID: 32039467
Interventions during pregnancy to prevent preterm birth: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews.
Medley N, Vogel JP, Care A, Alfirevic Z
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Nov 14;11(11):CD012505. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012505.pub2. PMID: 30480756Free PMC Article
Cesarean Scar Pregnancy: A Systematic Review.
Gonzalez N, Tulandi T
J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2017 Jul-Aug;24(5):731-738. Epub 2017 Mar 6 doi: 10.1016/j.jmig.2017.02.020. PMID: 28268103
Postpartum haemorrhage: prevention.
Chelmow D
BMJ Clin Evid 2008 Dec 15;2008 PMID: 19445784Free PMC Article

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